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An inversion model based on GEOS-Chem for estimating global and China's terrestrial carbon fluxes in 2019

Advances in Climate Change Research 2023年第1期14卷 49-61页

作者： Chong-Yuan WU Xiao-Ye ZHANG Li-Feng GUO Jun-Ting ZHONG De-Ying WANG Chang-Hong MIAO Xiang GAO Xi-Liang ZHANG Monitoring and Assessment Center for GHGs and Carbon&Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of China Meteorological Administration Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China Zhejiang Institute of Meteorological Science Zhejiang Meteorological BureauHangzhou 310017China Laboratory of Climate Change Mitigation and Carbon Neutrality Henan UniversityZhengzhou 450001China State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization State Environmental Protection Center for Coal-Fired Air Pollution ControlZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Institute of Energy Environment and EconomyTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

The 2019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories added the method of assimilating atmospheric CO_(2) concentrations to invert carbon sources and sinks;however,many global carbon inversion models are not publicly *** addition,our regional assimilation inversion system,CCMVS-R(China Carbon Monitoring,Verification and Supporting for Regional),needs a global carbon inversion model with higher assimilation efficiency to provide boundary ***,an inversion model based on the global atmospheric chemistry model GEOS-Chem and a more accurate and easier-to-implement ensemble square root Kalman filter(EnSRF)algorithm is constructed and used to infer global and China's carbon fluxes in *** CO_(2) concentrations from ObsPack sites and five additional CO_(2) observational sites from China's Greenhouse Gas Observation Network(CGHGNET)were used for data assimilation to improve the *** inverted annual global terrestrial and oceanic carbon uptake is 2.12 and 2.53 Pg C per year,respectively,accounting for 21.1%and 25.1%of global fossil fuel CO_(2) *** remaining 5.41 Pg C per year in the atmosphere is consistent with the global atmospheric CO_(2) growth rates of 5.44 Pg C per year reported by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(NOAA),showing that the inversion model can provide a reasonable estimate of global-scale natural carbon *** inverted terrestrial carbon sink of China is 0.37 Pg C per year,accounting for approximately 13%of China's fossil CO_(2) emissions.

关键词： CO_(2) Data assimilation EnSRF GEOS-Chem Terrestrial carbon fluxes

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Molecular Tracers, Mass Spectral Tracers and Oxidation of Organic Aerosols Emitted from Cooking and Fossil Fuel Burning sources

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Liang, Chengrui Wang, Shuxiao Hu, Ruolan Huang, Guanghan Xie, Jinzi Zhao, Bin Li, Yuyang Zhu, Wenfei Guo, Song Jiang, Jingkun Hao, Jiming State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing100084 China College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking University Beijing100871 China

Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) composes a substantial fraction of atmospheric particles, yet the formation and aging mechanism of SOA remains unclear. Here we investigate the initial oxidation of primary organic aerosol (POA) and further aging of SOA in winter Beijing by using aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS) measurements along with offline molecular tracer analysis. ME-2 source apportionment was conducted to capture the characteristic of source-related SOA, and connect them with specific POA. Our results show that urban cooking and fossil fuel burning sources contribute significantly (17% and 20%) to total organic aerosol (OA) in winter Beijing. Molecular tracer analysis by GC×GC reveals that cooking SOA (CSOA) is produced through both photooxidation and aqueous-phase processing, while less oxidized SOA (LO-SOA) is the photooxidation product of fossil fuel burning OA (FFOA) and may experience aqueous-phase aging to form more-oxidized oxygenated OA (MO-OOA). Furthermore, C 3 HO 2 + and C 4 H 5 O 2 + are mass spectral tracers indicating the initial photooxidation, while CH 2 O + and C 2 H 2 O 2 + imply further aqueous-phase aging of OA. Tracer analysis indicates that the formation of diketones dominates the initial photooxidation of POA, while the formation of glyoxal and diacids dominates the further aqueous-phase aging of SOA. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Photooxidation

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Degradation behaviors of Nabumetone and its metabolite during UV/monochloramine process:Experimental and theoretical study

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第8期142卷 103-114页

作者： Xiang Tu Yunsong Bai Qing Fu Sheng Chang Kunfeng Zhang Yang Pan Ruiyang Xiao Yifu Fu Qi Zhang State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Source ProtectionResearch Centre of Lake EnvironmentNational Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological RestorationChinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Suzhou University of Science and TechnologySuzhou 215009China Institute of Environmental Engineering School of Metallurgy and EnvironmentCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China School of Forestry Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040China

This study investigated degradation behaviors of a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug Nabumetone(NMT)and its major metabolite 6-methoxy-2-naphthylacetic acid(MNA)in the coupling process of ultraviolet and monochloramine(UV/NH2Cl).The second-order rate constants of the contaminants reacting with reactive radicals(HO·,Cl·,Cl_(2)·-,and CO_(3)·^(-))were determined by laser flash photolysis ***·and Cl·contributed predominantly with 52.3%and 21.7%for NMT degradation and 60.8%and 22.3%for MNA *** presence of chlorides retarded the degradation of NMT,while promoted the destruction of MNA,which was ascribed to the photosensitization effects of MNA under UV *** functional theory(DFT)calculations revealed that radical adduct formation(RAF)was dominant pathway for both HO·and Cl·reacting with the contaminants,and hydrogen atom transfer(HAT)preferred to occur on side chains of NMT and *** reacted with NO_(2)·through single electron transfer(SET)with the second-order rate constant calculated to be 5.35×10^(7)(mol/L)^(-1)sec^(-1),and the contribution of NO_(2)·was predicted to be 13.0%of the total rate constant of NMT in pure water,which indicated that NO_(2)·played a nonnegligible role in the degradation of *** acute toxicity and developmental toxicity of NMT were enhanced after UV/NH_(2)Cl treatment,while those of MNA were *** transformation products of both NMT and MNA exhibited higher mutagenicity than their parent *** study provides a deep understanding of the mechanism of radical degradation of NMT and MNA in the treatment of UV/NH2Cl.

关键词： UV/NH_(2)Cl Reactive species Degradation kinetics Reaction mechanism Degradation products

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Health benefits from the rapid reduction in ambient exposure to air pollutants after China's clean air actions:progress in efficacy and geographic equality

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National Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 103-113页

作者： Tao Xue Ruohan Wang Meng Wang Yanying Wang Dan Tong Xia Meng Conghong Huang Siqi Ai Fangzhou Li Jingyuan Cao Mingkun Tong Xueqiu Ni Hengyi Liu Jianyu Deng Hong Lu Wei Wan Jicheng Gong Shiqiu Zhang Tong Zhu Institute of Reproductive and Child Health National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health/Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases(PKU) School of Public Health Peking University Health Science Centre State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Exposure and Health Risk Management and Center for Environment and Health Peking University Advanced Institute of Information Technology Peking University Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health School of Public Health and Health ProfessionsUniversity at Buffalo State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and EngineeringPeking University Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua University School of Public Health Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of the Ministry of HealthFudan University College of Land Management Nanjing Agricultural University National&Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Rural Land Resources Use and Consolidation Clean Air Asia

Clean air actions （CAAs） in China have been linked to considerable benefits in public ***,whether the beneficial effects of CAAs are equally distributed geographically is *** high-resolution maps of the distributions of major air pollutants (fine particulate matter[PM2.5]and ozone[O3]) and population,we aimed to track spatiotemporal changes in health impacts from,and geographic inequality embedded in,the reduced exposures to PM2.5and O3from 2013 to *** used a method established by the Global Burden of Diseases *** analyzing the changes in loss of life expectancy（LLE） attributable to PM2.5and O3,we calculated the gain of life expectancy （GLE） to quantify the health benefits of the air-quality ***,we assessed the geographic inequality embedded in the GLE using the Gini index （GI）.Based on risk assessments of PM2.5and O3,during the first stage of CAAs（2013 to 2017）,the mean GLE was 1.87 *** of the sum of the GLE was disproportionally distributed in about one quarter of the population exposed （GI 0.44）.During the second stage of CAAs（2017 to 2020）,the mean GLE increased to 3.94 months and geographic inequality decreased （GI 0.18）.According to our assessments,CAAs were enhanced,from the first to second stages,in terms of not only preventing premature mortality but also ameliorating health *** enhancements were related to increased sensitivity to the health effects of air pollution and synergic control of PM2.5and *** findings will contribute to optimizing future CAAs.

关键词： clean air action public health inequality fine particulate matter ozone

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Unexpected fast radical production emerges in cool seasons:implications for ozone pollution control

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National Science Open 2022年第2期1卷 34-46页

作者： Hongli Wang Yanhui Liu Xiaorui Chen Yaqin Gao Wanyi Qiu Shengao Jing Qian Wang Shengrong Lou Peter MEdwards Cheng Huang Keding Lu State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Formation and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex Shanghai Academy of Environmental SciencesShanghai 200233China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Wolfson Atmospheric Chemistry Laboratories Department of ChemistryUniversity of YorkYork YO17EPUK

Ozone is a crucial air pollutant that damages human health and *** it is related to the photo-oxidation of the nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds,the summertime reduction of these precursors is the primary focus of current ozone mitigation *** ozone pollution episodes in eastern China,an observed accumulation of daily total oxidants(O_(x)=NO_(2)+O_(3))in cool seasons(spring and autumn:60 ppb and winter 40 ppb)is comparable to that in summer(60 ppb),indicating fast photochemical production of secondary pollutants including ozone over the *** fast radical primary productions are found to counteract the increased termination of hydroxyl radical and unfavorable meteorological conditions to maintain the rapid total oxidant formations in cool *** and regulating the primary radical sources may be critical for the secondary air pollution control in cool seasons.

关键词： OH radical photochemistry VOCs ozone air pollution

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The Temporal Distribution Characteristics of the Ambient Particulate Matter in Beijing

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环境科学前沿（中英文版） 2014年第3期3卷 84-96页

作者： Jiao Jiao College of Environmental Science and Engineering Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control Tianjin 300071 China

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Molecular signatures of soil-derived dissolved organic matter constrained by mineral weathering

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Fundamental Research 2023年第3期3卷 377-383页

作者： Ying-Hui Wang Peng Zhang Chen He Jian-Chun Yu Quan Shi Randy A.Dahlgren Robert G.M.Spencer Zhi-Bing Yang Jun-Jian Wang State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control School of Environmental Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control School of Environmental Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing China University of PetroleumBeijing 102249China Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hadal Science and Technology College of Marine SciencesShanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai 201306China Department of Land Air and Water ResourcesUniversity of California DavisDavis 95616United States Department of Earth Ocean and Atmospheric ScienceFlorida State UniversityTallahassee 32306United States

Dissolved organic matter(DOM)in soils drives biogeochemical cycling and soil functions in different directions depending on its molecular ***,there is a distinct paucity of information concerning how the molecular signatures of soil DOM vary with different degrees of weathering across wide geographic ***,we resolved the DOM molecular signatures from 22 diverse Chinese reference soils and linked them with soil organic matter and weathering-related mineralogical *** mixed-effects models revealed that the yields of DOM were determined by soil organic carbon content,whereas the molecular signature of DOM was primarily constrained by the weathering-related *** soil weathering index showed a positive effect on the lability and a negative effect on the aromaticity of ***,DOM in highly weathered acidic soils featured more amino sugars,carbohydrates,and aliphatics,as well as less O-rich polyphenols and condensed aromatics,thereby conferring a higher DOM biolability and lower DOM *** study highlights the dominance of the weathering-related dimension in constraining the molecular signatures and potential functions of DOM in soils across a wide geographic scale.

关键词： Soil organic matter Dissolved organic matter Chemical composition Molecular signature Mineral weathering

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Emission and optical characteristics of brown carbon in size-segregated particles from three types of Chinese ships

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第8期142卷 248-258页

作者： Fengqin Yang Fan Zhang Zeyu Liu Yingjun Chen Yan Zhang Can Wu Yali Lei Shijie Liu Binyu Xiao Xinyi Wan Yubao Chen Yong Han Min Cui Cheng Huang Gehui Wang Key Lab of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education School of Geographic SciencesEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China Institute of Eco-Chongming 20 Cuiniao Rd.ChongmingShanghai 202150China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Formation and Prevention of the Urban Air Pollution Complex Shanghai Academy of Environmental SciencesShanghai 200233China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention(LAP3) Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloon 100872Hong KongChina College of Environmental Science and Engineering Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China

Brown carbon(BrC)is one of the important light absorption substances that have high light absorption ability under short wavelength ***,limit studies have focused on the BrC emission from *** this study,size-segregated particulate matters(PM)were collected from three different types of ships,light absorption characteristics and size distribution of methanol-soluble BrC and water-soluble BrC in PM from ship exhausts were *** showed that four-stroke low-power diesel fishing boat(4-LDF)had the highest mass concentrations of methanol-soluble organic carbon(MSOC)and water-soluble organic carbon(WSOC),followed by 2-stroke high-power heavy-fuel-oil vessel(2-HHV),and fourstroke high-power marine-diesel vessel(4-HMV).While 2-HHV had obviously higher light absorption coefficients of methanol-soluble BrC(Abs365,M)and water-soluble BrC(Abs365,W)in unit weight of PM than the other two types of *** tested ships presented comparable or higher absorption efficiency of BrC in water extracts(MAE365,W)compared with other BrC emission *** of BrC was concentrated in fine particles,and the particle size distributions of both Abs365,Mand Abs365,Wshowed bimodal patterns,peaking at0.43–0.65μm and 4.7–5.8μm,***,different particle size distributions were found for MAE365,Mbetween diesel and heavy fuel oil ***,different wavelength dependence in particles with different size were also *** exhaust could be confirmed as a non-ignorable BrC emission source,and complex influencing factor could affect the light absorption characteristics of ship *** size should also be considered when light absorption ability of BrC was evaluated.

关键词： Ship emission Brown carbon Light absorption Size distribution

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Effects of reservoir construction on optical and molecular characteristics of dissolved organic matter in a typical P-contaminated river

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Chemosphere 2023年第1期341卷 140037页

作者： Liu, Hongni Du, Yao Shi, Zhanyao Deng, Yamin Gan, Yiqun Xie, Xianjun State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Source Apportionment and Control of Aquatic Pollution & Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science China University of Geosciences Wuhan430078 China School of Environmental Studies & State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of Geosciences Wuhan430078 China

The source and composition characteristics of dissolved organic matter (DOM) are crucial to identify and evaluate the sources of pollution in the watershed. The construction of reservoirs changes the hydrological condition and pollutant fate of the river. However, the effects of reservoirs' construction on DOM in the watershed and the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. This study aims to examine and compare the characteristics of DOM in reservoirs and streams in the Huangbai River, a typical reservoir-affected and P-contaminated river within the Yangtze River catchment. The results showed that DOM in reservoirs was characterized by more contribution from autochthonous source, under the influence of reservoirs’ construction;while, DOM in rivers was mainly originated from terrestrial input. Reservoirs had more lipid-like and protein-like compounds, while rivers contained more oxy-aromatic-like compounds. The percentage of CHOP molecules in reservoirs was significantly higher than that in rivers. The underlying mechanism is that more suitable conditions were created for plankton to grow after constructing reservoirs, which converted inorganic orthophosphate into organic phosphorus, and over time, organic phosphorus was gradually enriched in reservoirs, which exacerbated the risk of eutrophication in the reservoir water body. This study can provide theoretical support for monitoring and evaluation of water quality in reservoir-affected rivers. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Reservoirs (water)

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The risk neural network based visibility forecast

The risk neural network based visibility forecast

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5th International Conference on Natural Computation, ICNC 2009

作者： Wang, Kai Zhao, Hong Liu, Aixia Bai, Zhipeng College of Environmental Science and Engineering Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control Tianjin 300071 China College of Information Technical Science Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China Meteorological Institute of Tianjin Tianjin 300074 China

ISBN: (纸本)9780769537368

Currently, the measurement of the visibility mainly depends on the human eyes, so that the objectivity is relatively poor. In general, the higher the visibility is, the greater the measurement error is. On the other hand, in practice, as opposed to high visibility situations, low visibility situation is more notable. Therefore, for the same forecast error, low visibility should have a higher risk value. Based on this principle, a risk neural network model is proposed, in which the relatively high risk is given for the low visibility case, while the relatively low risk is given for the high-visibility case. Experimental results show that the risk neural network model is superior to the standard one and linear regression model, which provide a support for our work. © 2009 IEEE.

关键词： Visibility

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