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Engineering 2020年第12期6卷 198-216页

作者：鲁玺张少君邢佳王韵杰陈文会丁点吴烨王书肖段雷郝吉明 State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex

中国过去的经济增长在很大程度上依赖于化石燃料消费,因此造成了严重的空气污染问题。解决经济增长与污染改善之间的矛盾已成为我国发展生态文明的关键。本文分析了我国近30年来大气污染治理的历程,指明了从排放控制到质量管理这一战略... 详细信息

中国过去的经济增长在很大程度上依赖于化石燃料消费,因此造成了严重的空气污染问题。解决经济增长与污染改善之间的矛盾已成为我国发展生态文明的关键。本文分析了我国近30年来大气污染治理的历程,指明了从排放控制到质量管理这一战略转变的重要意义。"十一五"期间,二氧化硫(SO)排放总量控制遏制了中国酸雨问题日益恶化的态势。2013年以来,我国制定了以降低细颗粒物(PM)浓度为大气污染治理的主要目标,开展了针对多个行业、多种大气污染物的综合治理行动,标志着中国向以空气质量为导向的战略转变。针对目前日益加剧的臭氧(O)污染,急需科学厘清PM和O污染控制之间复杂的相互作用关系,实施有效的污染协同控制策略。作为成功建设生态文明的关键性指标,中国空气质量的根本改善要求今后中国能源系统深度降碳,并且能够寻求更多的协同途径,从而同时改善空气质量和应对气候变化。

关键词：大气污染治理生态文明细颗粒物低碳发展臭氧

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An Acid Rain–Friendly Nh3 control Strategy to Maximize Benefits Toward Human Health and the Ecosystem

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Dong, Zhaoxin Wang, Shuxiao Jiang, Yueqi Xing, Jia Ding, Dian Zheng, Haotian Hao, Jiming State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing100084 China Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics Faculty of Science University of Helsinki Helsinki00014 Finland

Ammonia (NH3) abatement remains controversial in China owing to its effectiveness in reducing PM2.5 pollution and nitrogen deposition but with the potential risk of promoting acid rain formation, necessitating scientific guidance. Here, we propose a novel method for designing an NH3 control strategy to mitigate both air pollution and nitrogen deposition without significantly exacerbating acid rain. This method involves extending the response surface model (RSM) to deposition using a delicately developed polynomial response function of deposition (i.e., dep-RSM). The Yangtze River Delta (YRD) dep-RSM application reveals that 16 out of 41 cities have NH3 control potentials from 15% to 71%. Excellent NH3 control potentials have been noted between April and June (78%–92%). From 2013 to 2017, the effective SO2 and NOx control significantly reduced wet sulfur and oxidized nitrogen deposition, providing considerable NH3 abatement potentials (15%–24%) to further reduce PM2.5 and nitrogen deposition by up to 2% and 9%, respectively, without acid rain exacerbation (the wet neutralization factor was maintained). Additionally, 57% and 73% NH3 emission reduction potentials were obtained under acid rain constraints with 75% and 86% reductions in the other precursors to reduce the average PM2.5 concentration below 25 and 15 µg/m3, and an additional 8408 and 14459 premature deaths could only be avoided at an extra cost of 8.7 and 19.7 billion CNY, respectively. Meanwhile, the N deposition considerably reduced by 10 and 13 kgN/ha·yr. However, the YRD region could still simultaneously obtain substantial amounts of PM2.5 and N deposition mitigation using the strategy proposed herein. The expanded optimization system can be directly adopted by policymakers to implement coordinated control in regions or countries facing the same NH3 control conundrum. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Ammonia

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Enhanced Dewaterability of Lake Dredged Sediments by Electrochemical Oxidation of Peroxydisulfate on Bdd Anode

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Jiang, Feng Feng, Xianlu Jiang, Xia Wang, Pengfei National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Anwai Beiyuan Beijing100012 China Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation College of Environmental Science and Engineering Beijing Forestry University Beijing100083 China

The dredged sediments, as the product of mitigating endogenous pollution of rivers and lakes, will bring severe environmental pollution without suitable disposal. To reduce the dredged sediments, electrochemical oxidation of peroxydisulfate (PS) on boron-doped diamond (BDD) anode (EO/BDD-PS) was utilized to enhance the dewaterability of dredged sediment in this study. Two-folds of soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) increased in the EO/BDD-PS system, and more than 70% of specific resistance to filtration (SRF) was reduced by the EO/BDD-PS within 20 minutes. The optimal conditions were under the current density of 30 mA/cm2, PS dosage of 4 g/L and initial pH of 6.96. After being treated by EO/BDD-PS, the electronegativity of sludge flocs was alleviated, and the particle size increased from 7.61 µm to 10.64 µm. Furthermore, the proteins and polysaccharides were degraded, and tightly bound extracellular polymeric substance (TB-EPS) and loosely bound extracellular polymeric substance (LB-EPS) were effectively transported to soluble extracellular polymeric substance (S-EPS). Meanwhile, the humification of organic matters occurred in S-EPS and LB-EPS when dredged sediment was treated by EO/BDD-PS. Hydroxyl radical (HO•) as the dominant radical and sulfate radical (SO4•−) were generated in the EO/BDD-PS system. Moreover, the efficiency of filtrate as electrolyte did not decrease significantly after recycling for five times. Therefore, this method may be an economical method to enhance the dewaterability of dredged sediment. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Chemical bonds

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Groundwater Quality and Public Health

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Environment and Resources 1000年第1期48卷 395-418页

作者： Xianjun Xie Jianbo Shi Kunfu Pi Yamin Deng Bing Yan Lei Tong Linlin Yao Yiran Dong Junxia Li Liyuan Ma Chunmiao Zheng Guibin Jiang 2State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of Geosciences Wuhan China 1State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Source Apportionment and Control of Aquatic Pollution School of Environmental Studies China University of Geosciences Wuhan China 3State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China email: gbjiang@*** 4State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control School of Environmental Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China

Groundwater deterioration due to enrichment with contaminants of either geogenic or anthropogenic origin has adversely affected safe water supply for drinking and irrigation, with pervasive impacts on human health and ecosystem functions. However, the spatiotemporal evolution and public health effects of groundwater quality remain unclarified, posing a grand challenge for the safe and sustainable supply of global groundwater resources. This article provides a state-of-the-art review of the complexity and dynamics of groundwater quality, as well as the impacts of various groundwater substances on human health. In particular, knowledge is growing about the health impacts of key substances ranging from nutritional elements (e.g., Ca2+, Mg2+) to pollutants (e.g., heavy metals/metalloids, persistent organic pollutants, and emerging contaminants) and, further, to pathogenic microorganisms to which the human body can be exposed through multiple patterns of groundwater use. Proliferating concerns at the same time call for enhancing science-based governance directives, economic policies, and management strategies coordinating groundwater quality. We propose that safeguarding groundwater-dependent public health needs concerted efforts in source control, cross-scale rehabilitation, and social hydrology-based groundwater governance.

关键词： groundwater quality geogenic contaminants emerging contaminants key substances human health sustainable groundwater management

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Recent advances in catalytic filters for integrated removal of dust and NOx from flue gas:fundamentals and applications

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Resources Chemicals and Materials 2022年第3期1卷 275-289页

作者： Changming Li Lin Huangfu Jianling Li Shiqiu Gao Guangwen Xu Jian Yu State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control School of Ecology and EnvironmentBeijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing 100048China. State Key Laboratory of Vanadium and Titanium Resources Comprehensive Utilization Pangang Group Research Institute Co.LtdPanzhihua 617000China State Key Laboratory of Multi-phase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China. School of Chemical Engineering Shenyang University of Chemical TechnologyShenyang 110142LiaoningChina

Catalytic filters including catalytic bag filters and catalytic filter candles, which couple the filters with denitrification catalysts to obtain the ability to simultaneously remove SOx, NOx and dust, have become the promising applied technology for the integrated flue gas treatment because of their huge advantages in reducing the initial investment, floor occupancy and maintenance cost. In this review, we will summarize the recent advances in the development of catalytic filters in terms of their process principles, filter material, denitrification catalysts, structure-function relationships and industrial applications. Moreover, suggestions about the current challenges and future opportunities are also given from the viewpoints of catalysts and filter material design, catalytic filter preparation methods, and their poisoning and regeneration, etc. With the further development of theory and engineering research, the extensive industrial application of catalytic filters in the field of multiple pollutants flue gas treatment is highly anticipated in the future.

关键词： Catalytic filter candles Catalytic bag filters Integrated flue gas treatment Industrial application

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Remote sensing of H2O and HDO column based on Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy 1

Remote sensing of H2O and HDO column based on Fourier Transf...

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1st International Conference on Spatial Atmospheric Marine environmental Optics, SAME 2023

作者： Wu, Peng Shan, Changgong Wang, Wei Liu, Cheng Zhu, Qianqian Zeng, Xiangyu Liang, Bin Xie, Yu Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Hefei Institutes of Physical Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China Department of Precision Machinery and Instrumentation University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China Department of Automation Hefei University Hefei China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing China Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality Guangzhou China Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global environment Observation Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510666337

The phase transition of water vapour is typically accompanied by a change in the water vapour isotopes. The dynamics, transpiration, and condensation of water vapour in the atmosphere can also be revealed by measuring water vapour isotopes in the atmosphere. This information is crucial for understanding the water cycle in the atmosphere. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is widely used to monitor atmospheric trace gases. This study is based on near-infrared solar absorption spectra collected by portable Fourier Transform Infrared spectrometer (FTS) to observe the column concentration results of H2O and HDO. And the column isotope ratio δD is calculated by H2O and HDO results. The fitted root-mean-square errors (RMSE) of the spectral retrieval window of H2O and HDO were 0.107% and 0.175%, respectively. And the mean retrieval error for H2O and HDO was (0.59 ±0.21) % and (0.94 ±0.20) %, respectively. The calculated error of δD was 0.0035%, which shows a high level of observational accuracy. The time series of δD obtained from September 2016 to December 2017 with a varied in the range of -5.69% to -369.19%. And the lowest δD observed in January with a mean value of (-249.63 ± 32.35) % and the highest δD observed in July with a mean value of (-38.61 ± 2.43) %, the time series show a clear seasonal variation. The observations demonstrate the capability of the FTIR spectrometer to observe the stable isotope and isotope ratio δD of atmospheric water vapour with accuracy and precision. © 2023 SPIE.

关键词： Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

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Knowledge-guided machine learning reveals pivotal drivers for gasto-particle conversion of atmospheric nitrate

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environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第3期19卷 100-108页

作者： Bo Xu Haofei Yu Zongbo Shi Jinxing Liu Yuting Wei Zhongcheng Zhang Yanqi Huangfu Han Xu Yue Li Linlin Zhang Yinchang Feng Guoliang Shi State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission ResearchCollege of Environmental Science and EngineeringNankai UniversityTianjin300350China CMA-NKU Cooperative Laboratory for Atmospheric Environment-Health Research(CLAER) College of Environmental Science and EngineeringNankai UniversityTianjin300350China Department of Civil Environmentaland Construction EngineeringUniversity of Central FloridaOrlandoFLUSA School of Geography Earth and Environment Sciences University of BirminghamBirminghamB152TTUK State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments Tianjin Key Laboratory of air Pollutants Monitoring TechnologySchool of Precision Instrument and Opto-electronics EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China Gigantic Technology(Tianjin)Co. LtdTianjin300072China College of Computer Science Nankai UniversityTianjin300350China China National Environmental Monitoring Centre Beijing100012China

Particulate nitrate,a key component of fine particles,forms through the intricate gas-to-particle conversion *** process is regulated by the gas-to-particle conversion coefficient of nitrate(ε(NO_(3)^(-))).The mechanism betweenε(NO_(3)^(-))and its drivers is highly complex and nonlinear,and can be characterized by machine learning ***,conventional machine learning often yields results that lack clear physical meaning and may even contradict established physical/chemical mechanisms due to the influence of ambient *** urgently needs an alternative approach that possesses transparent physical interpretations and provides deeper insights into the impact ofε(NO_(3)^(-)).Here we introduce a supervised machine learning approachdthe multilevel nested random forest guided by theory *** approach robustly identifies NH4 t,SO_(4)^(2-),and temperature as pivotal drivers forε(NO_(3)^(-)).Notably,substantial disparities exist between the outcomes of traditional random forest analysis and the anticipated actual ***,our approach underscores the significance of NH4 t during both daytime(30%)and nighttime(40%)periods,while appropriately downplaying the influence of some less relevant drivers in comparison to conventional random forest *** research underscores the transformative potential of integrating domain knowledge with machine learning in atmospheric studies.

关键词： Machine learning Data driven Theoretical approach Domain knowledge Guide

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非农业源排放增强大气二甲胺浓度并调节城市颗粒物成核

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Science Bulletin 2023年第13期68卷 1447-1455,M0004页

作者：常运华凌清扬盖鑫磊袁相洋周升钱程凯毛鉴炯黄丹丹胡磬遥鲁君崔世杰高雅琴陆轶群朱亮谭稳郭松胡敏王红丽黄成黄汝锦张远航胡建林 Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters NUIST Center on Atmospheric EnvironmentNanjing University of Information Science&Technology(NUIST)Nanjing 210044China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment TechnologyNanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Formation and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex Shanghai Academy of Environmental SciencesShanghai 200233China TOFWERK China Nanjing 211800China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global ChangeKey Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry&PhysicsInstitute of Earth and EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710061China

气态二甲胺(DMA)是大气新粒子生成的关键前体物,然而对其来源与空气和气候效应仍存在巨大争议.本研究率先对中国大气DMA浓度开展了南北跨区域与城市内部的走航观测.发现亚热带森林植物的DMA排放浓度可能南方远高于北方,同时记录到由工... 详细信息

气态二甲胺(DMA)是大气新粒子生成的关键前体物,然而对其来源与空气和气候效应仍存在巨大争议.本研究率先对中国大气DMA浓度开展了南北跨区域与城市内部的走航观测.发现亚热带森林植物的DMA排放浓度可能南方远高于北方,同时记录到由工业脉冲排放所导致的全球最高大气DMA浓度.在高度城市化的上海地区,DMA浓度自市中心向外围逐渐降低且与人口密度关联.源排放的直接测试进一步表明中国区域和城市内部的大气二甲胺都深受非农业源排放的影响.大气化学传输模式也证实,居民DMA排放主导了上海城市大气颗粒物数浓度的贡献.该研究将外场观测、源排放测试与模型模拟相结合,呈现了中国大气二甲胺的全生命周期,为颗粒物污染防治和气候变化评估提供了有用参考.

关键词： Newparticleformation Amines Volatile organic compounds Urbanatmosphere Non-agricultural sources

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Influence of pollution control on air pollutants and the mixing state of aerosol particles during the 2nd World Internet Conference in Jiaxing, China

Influence of pollution control on air pollutants and the mix...

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作者： Shen, Lijuan Wang, Honglei Lü, Sheng Zhang, Xiaohan Yuan, Jing Tao, Shikang Zhang, Guojun Wang, Fei Li, Li School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science &Technology Nanjing210044 China Jiaxing Environmental Monitoring Station Jiaxing314000 China Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Nanjing210044 China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Cause and Prevention of Urban Complex Air Pollution Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences Shanghai200233 China

Strict pollution-control measures were implemented in Jiaxing and surrounding regions in China during the 2015 2nd World Internet Conference (WIC) to ensure good air quality. To investigate the variations of air pollutants and the sources and mixing state of size-resolved aerosols in response to the emission controls, trace gases (O3, SO2, NO2, and CO), particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10), and single particle aerosols were measured in Jiaxing, China during December 11–25, 2015. During the WIC (from 00:00 on Dec. 16 to 16:00 on Dec. 18, 2015), the average concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, NO2, and CO in Jiaxing were 38.7, 75.0, and 43.5 μg m−3 and 0.7 mg m−3 and were decreased by 62.1%, 47.1%, 31.2%, and 41.7% and 60.0%, 45.7%, 34.7%, and 41.7% compared to before and after the WIC, respectively. These changes were caused mainly by strict measurement of traffic restrictions and industrial emission reductions. By using the single particle aerosol mass spectrometer (SPAMS), 8,350,772 particles with aerodynamic diameters ranging from 0.2 to 2.0 μm were identified. Of these particles, 877,397 were successfully ionized. The aerosol particles collected for SPAMS data analysis employed 96.0% of the hit particles to recognize 5 major particle classes: K-rich particles (K-CN, K-Secondary, and K-mixed Elemental Carbon (K-EC)), sodium particles, carbon-rich particles (EC-Nitrate, EC-Secondary, and Organics and Elemental Carbon (OCEC)), ammonium particles, and heavy-metal particles (Fe-Secondary, Pb, and Cu-V). Signals from 23[Na]+ were uniformly observed among these 11 types of particles, which may have been affected by sea salt particles in the coastal city of Jiaxing. During the WIC, the proportions of K-EC (4.5%), EC-Secondary (2.0%), Fe-Secondary (1.9%), EC-Nitrate (0.5%), and Ammonium (0.7%) decreased, the proportions of K-CN (15.2%), OCEC (27.5%), and Cu-V (16.8%) increased significantly, and the proportions of K-Secondary (17.2%), sodium (11.6%), and Pb (2.0%) changed slight

关键词： Carbon

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Unneglectable Terrestrial Export of Dissolved Organic Carbon in China

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Yu, Qian Li, Han Ge, Xiaodong Ma, Mingrui Zhao, Wenxin Yang, Jinya Mulder, Jan Zhang, Lei Zhao, Yu Duan, Lei State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse School of Environment Nanjing University Jiangsu Nanjing210023 China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management Norwegian University of Life Sciences Box 5003 Ås1432 Norway State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China China

Transport of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from land to inland waters is a crucial yet usually overlooked component of carbon budget. Its magnitude and response to global change are poorly quantified due to limited direct observation, especially in China. Here we compiled a database from 462 headwaters across China, primary based on our own observation, and applied a generalized additive model (GAM) to quantify terrestrial DOC export from 2000 to 2020. Our results reveal substantial underestimations in current assessments relying on riverine data. Over this period, terrestrial DOC export averaged 13.4 ± 1.5 Tg C yr−1, accounting for approximately 10% of national net biome productivity (NBP). Projections under SSP2-4.5 and carbon-neutral scenarios suggest an increase to 17.1 Tg C yr−1 in 2060, driven by decreasing atmospheric deposition and rising temperatures. This highlights the importance of considering DOC export in terrestrial carbon sink assessments, particularly as global change continues to evolve. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Carbon sequestration

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