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Base-Acid Relay Catalytic Upgrading of Coal Pyrolysis Volatiles Over Cao and Hzsm-5 Catalysts

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Yang, Hang Zhang, Jiehan Chen, Zhaohui Wan, Lifeng Li, Changming Zhang, Xinyu Li, Jianling Tian, Ruoxuan Yu, Jian Gao, Shiqiu State Key Laboratory of Multi-phase Complex Systems Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China School of Chemical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control School of Ecology and Environment Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing100048 China China Huanqiu Contracting & Engineering Co. Ltd Beijing100012 China

The relay catalytic upgrading of coal pyrolysis volatiles employing different layouts of basic CaO and acidic HZSM-5 zeolite was proposed to improve the tar quality as well as alleviate catalyst deactivation. The synergistic effect is found in relay catalytic upgrading of coal pyrolysis volatiles over dual CaO and HZSM-5 catalysts system. The relay CaO-HZSM-5 layout is better compared to layouts of relay HZSM-5-CaO, mixed CaO/HZSM-5, and their independent employments. The relay CaO-HZSM-5 layout ensures the highest light fraction in tar with 70.1% and the minimized carbon deposition over HZSM-5 while remaining a relatively high tar yield (7.8 wt.%). Meanwhile, the contents of aromatics and phenols in tar increase by 221% and 164% compared with the blank test (without catalyst), respectively. In this scenario, CaO promotes the cracking of large molecules in tar to form more olefins and small molecules firstly, which subsequently diffuses into micropores of HZSM-5 zeolite to produce more aromatics by dehydrocyclization. In addition, the roles of pre-cracking and pre-deoxidation of volatiles over CaO reduce the possibility of the polycondensation reactions of large molecules over acidity sites of HZSM-5 zeolite, thus lowering the carbon deposition over zeolite. These findings suggest that the base-acid relay catalytic upgrading of volatiles during coal pyrolysis will be a promising strategy to increase the tar quality and slow down catalyst deactivation. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Catalyst deactivation

Sea Ice Sheds Interfere with Atmospheric Mercury Deposition to Antarctic Marine Ecosystems: Evidence from Mercury Isotope Compositions in Fish

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Yang, Lin Yu, Ben Liu, Hongwei Ji, Xiaomeng Xiao, Cailing Cao, Mengxi Fu, Jianjie Zhang, Qinghua Hu, Ligang Yin, Yongguang Shi, Jianbo Jiang, Guibin State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100085 China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China National Research Center for Environmental Analysis and Measurement Beijing100029 China Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances School of Environment and Health Jianghan University Wuhan430056 China School of Environment Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Hangzhou310000 China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Source Apportionment and Control of Aquatic Pollution School of Environmental Studies China University of Geosciences Wuhan430074 China

To unravel the risk of toxic pollutant mercury (Hg) in polar ecosystem, the accumulated Hg in fish may provide essential clues for deciphering the cycling and fate of Hg. Herein, the Hg isotopic compositions of Antarctic Notothenia coriiceps were assessed in skeletal muscle, liver, and heart tissues to distinguish the Hg behavior in the isolated locations situated in the eastern (Chinese Zhongshan Station, ZSS) and antipode western Antarctica (Chinese Great Wall Station, GWS) separated by over 4000 km. Regional heterogeneity of odd mass-independent isotope fractionation (odd-MIF) in fish tissues (Δ199Hg: -0.95~1.51‰ for ZSS, 1.04~1.69‰ for GWS) traced different cycling of Hg. The GWS is located in an ice-free region most of the year, where the exchange of Hg primarily occurs on the seawater‒atmosphere interface. In contrast, the negative Δ199Hg values in fish from ZSS possibly indicated the impacts from sea ice, which ocntributed an iHg end-member with negative MIF and blocked the atmospheric deposition and photochemical reactions in water layers. Overall, the multitissue Hg isotopic compositions in local fish species and the prime drivers of the heterogeneous Hg cycling patterns presented here enable a comprehensive understanding of Hg biogeochemical cycling in polar regions. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Fish

A Dream-Based Inverse Model for Continuous Release source Identification in River pollution Incidents: Quantitative Evaluation and Sensitivity Analysis

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Zhu, Yinying Cao, Hongyi Gao, Zhenhui Chen, Zhi National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing10012 China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Source Protection Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing100012 China Department of Building Civil and Environmental Engineering Concordia University MontrealH3G 1M8 Canada Technical Centre for Soil Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment Ministry of Ecology and Environment Beijing100012 China Institute of Eco-Environmental Forensics Shandong University Qingdao266237 China

The identification of continuous pollution sources for rivers is of great concern for emergency response. Most studies focused on instantaneous river pollution sources and associated incidents. There is a dire need to address continuous pollution sources, as pollutant leaks may impose a serious impact on water ecosystem. Therefore, in this study, a novel inverse model is proposed to identify the continuous point sources in river pollution incidents that would estimate the source strength, location, release time, and spill time. The proposed inverse model combines the advanced DiffeRential Evolution Adaptive Metropolis (DREAM) algorithm and the forward transport advection-dispersion equation to infer the posterior probability distribution of source parameters for quantifying uncertainties. Also, the performance of the DREAM-based model is compared with those of the Metropolis-Hastings (MH)-based and genetic algorithm (GA)-based models. The results show that the DREAM-based model performs accurately for both the hypothetical and the field tracer cases. The comparative analysis shows that the DREAM-based model performs better in saving computation time, improving the accuracy of results, and reconstructing pollutant concentrations. Observation errors significantly influence the accuracy of the identification results from the DREAM-based model. In addition, a comprehensive sensitivity analysis of the DREAM-based model is conducted. The identification results from the DREAM-based model are sensitive to the dispersion coefficient and river velocity. The accuracy of the inverse model could be improved by increasing the monitoring number and by monitoring locations closer to the spill site. The findings of this study can improve decision-making during emergency responses to sudden river pollution incidents. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Sensitivity analysis

中国碳减排与空气质量改善及相关健康效益之间的协同效应（英文）

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Engineering 2023年第1期 103-111页

作者：王洁鲁玺杜鹏飞郑昊天董赵鑫尹自华邢佳王书肖郝吉明 State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of the Environment Tsinghua University Institute for Carbon Neutrality Tsinghua University Beijing Laboratory of Environmental Frontier Technologies Tsinghua University State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex

协同治理是中国应对气候变化和空气污染防治双重挑战的关键措施。但是，目前仍然没有一个合适的指标用于全面评估协同效应，现有的研究缺乏一个一致的框架用于比较相关研究结果。为此，本研究对协同指标进行了定义，指标意义为单位GDP...

协同治理是中国应对气候变化和空气污染防治双重挑战的关键措施。但是，目前仍然没有一个合适的指标用于全面评估协同效应，现有的研究缺乏一个一致的框架用于比较相关研究结果。为此，本研究对协同指标进行了定义，指标意义为单位GDP的污染物产生量变化所带来的减排效应。通过耦合迪氏指数分解分析方法（LMDI）、排放-浓度响应曲面模型（RSM）和全球暴露反应关系模型（GEMM）构建综合分析框架，用来评估中国碳减排对大气污染物减排和公众健康的协同效应。研究结果表明，协同效应对SO2、NOx和PM2.5（空气动力学直径不大于2.5μm的主要颗粒物）的减排作用越来越重要。具体而言，协同控制对SO2、NOx和PM2.5的减排量从“十一五”时期（2006—2010年）的3.1 Mt、1.4 Mt和0.3 Mt增加到“十二五”时期（2011—2015年）的5.6 Mt、3.7Mt和1.9 Mt。与无控情景相比，协同效应使得PM2.5年均浓度降低了15%，从而在2015年避免了29万例（95%置信区间：0.28～0.30）由PM2.5引起的超额死亡。协同控制对于空气质量改善和公众健康保护的效应在人口密集的东部发达省市更加显著。未来随着城市化和碳中和进程的推进，协同效应有望继续增强。发达地区提前实现气候目标将同时为空气质量和公众健康带来更大的协同效益。

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Heavy-Duty Diesel Trucks on Highways in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei: Constant Challenge in pollution control

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Han, Yingying Wang, Chang Zhu, Yixue Wu, Rui Xue, Yifeng Zhang, Xiang Wang, Weiwei Cui, Yangyang Han, Jinxiu Shi, Zongbo Wang, Xiuyan Jin, Taosheng Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control College of Environmental Science and Engineering Nankai University Tianjin300350 China Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences Beijing Normal University Zhuhai519087 China School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing100875 China Laboratory of Transport Pollution Control and Monitoring Technology Transport Planning and Research Institute Ministry of Transport Beijing100028 China National Engineering Research Center of Urban Environmental Pollution Control Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection Beijing100037 China Sustainable Development Research Institute for Economy and Society of Beijing School of Management and Economics Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100081 China School of Geography Earth and Environmental Sciences The University of Birmingham BirminghamB15 2TT United Kingdom

Heavy-duty diesel trucks (HDDTs) contributed significantly to on-road air pollution. This study measured the traffic flow of HDDTs on seven national highways in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region to estimate air pollutants of HDDTs from 2016 to 2020. The emission factors are corrected by the International Vehicle Emissions (IVE) model, traffic flow, and road length. Compared with 2016, traffic flow in 2019 increased by 41%, carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions increased by 0.3% and 4%, while hydrocarbons (HC) and particulate matter (PM) emissions decreased by about 26% and 18%. The COVID-19 lockdowns did not cause significant annual changes in traffic flow and pollution emissions in 2020 compared with 2019, but there were substantial monthly variations in pollutant emissions. Our study showed that although control measures were implemented during the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the substantial increase in regional HDDT transport posed a continuing challenge in reducing road traffic emissions. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： COVID-19

Dynamic Landscape of Multi-Elements in Pm2.5 Revealed by Real-Time Analysis

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Ji, Xiaomeng Qin, Ruiliang Shi, Chunzhen Yang, Lin Yao, Linlin Deng, Shenxi Qu, Guangbo Yin, Yongguang Hu, Ligang Shi, Jianbo Jiang, Guibin State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100085 China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Shandong University Qingdao266237 China School of Water Resources and Environment China University of Geosciences Beijing100083 China College of Ecology and Environment Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing100048 China School of Environment Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Hangzhou310000 China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Source Apportionment and Control of Aquatic Pollution School of Environmental Studies China University of Geosciences Wuhan430074 China

Metal components in fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) are closely associated with many adverse health outcomes. Dynamic changes of metals in PM 2.5 are critical for risk assessment due to their temporal variations. Herein, an online method for real-time determination of multi-elements (As, Cd, Cs, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Pb, Rb, Sn, Tl, and V) in PM 2.5 was established by directly introducing air samples into inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS). Meanwhile, a quantified method using metal standard aerosols (Cr, Mo, and W) and high time-resolution for 3.3 min online measurement was developed and validated. The limits of detection were in range of 0.001–6.30 ng/m 3 for different metals. Subsequently, the real-time contents of multi-elements in PM 2.5 for 12 h over 33 days were measured at different air qualities. Temporal variations of crustal elements like Fe, Mg are similar as PM 2.5 , whereas toxic elements (Pb, As and Cd) have upward trends at dusk. This denoted the association with various emission sources and different exposure concentrations of metals. In addition to the acquisition of real-time information, online analysis of multi-elements in PM 2.5 is beneficial for atmospheric monitoring and provides critical insights for the different exposure risks of metals in PM 2.5 at varying times. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Metals

Arsenic (Asiii)-Enhanced Oxidation by Coexisting Mniii-Phenolic complexes During Highly Concentrated Asiii-Wastewater Treatment by Mno2

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Ai, Jing Abdelraheem, Wael H.M. Guo, Wenjie Duan, Xiaodi Peng, Sainan Dong, Tianyi Zhang, Weijun Wang, Qilin Dionysiou, Dionysios D. Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science School of Environmental Studies China University of Geosciences Hubei Wuhan430074 China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Source Apportionment and Control of Aquatic Pollution Ministry of Ecology and Environment Hubei Wuhan430074 China University of Cincinnati CincinnatiOH45221-0012 United States Chemistry Department Faculty of Science Sohag University Sohag82524 Egypt Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater School of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Technology Sydney SydneyNSW2007 Australia School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Shanghai University 200444 China

Manganese oxides (MnO2) are widely utilized in arsenic(AsIII)-contaminated water system remediation;however, As(III) oxidation is greatly affected by co-occurring substances. This study discusses the oxidation pathways of As(III) oxidation-adsorption in presence of co-solutes (e.g., Mn(II), Fe(II), and 2,4-dichlorophenol (DCP). Mn(II) species competed with As(III) for adsorption and oxidation sites at MnO2 surface, resulting in a decrease in As(III) removal. As(III) oxidation in Mn(II) and Mn(II)/MnO2 systems was primarily occurred via electron-transfer with Mn(III) intermediate, however, Mn(III) species were rapidly oxidized into the less reactive oxidant Mn(IV). In the presence of DCP, As(III) oxidation was enhanced due to stabilization of Mn(III) species by complexation with DCP. Fe(II) enhanced the adsorption of Arsenic and DCP by MnO2, as Fe-(hydr)oxides formed, creating extra adsorption sites on MnO2. Three DCP byproducts were identified by means of LC/MS analysis in the Mn(II)/MnO2-DCP system, with reaction As(III) oxidation pathways are proposed. The enhanced As(III) oxidation by Mn(II)/MnO2 system, in presence of DCP resulted due to a series of chemical reactions with hydroxyl and phenolic radicals generated in system, in addition to electron transfer with DCP-Mn(III) complexes. These results provide new insights into the environmental behavior of As(III) within mixed water systems containing metals (Mn/Fe) and phenolics. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Oxidation

Corrigendum to "The correlation study between PCBs and δ15N values or FAs in fish collected from Dongting Lake" [Chemosphere 234 (2019) 763-768]

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Chemosphere 2020年 245卷 125683页

作者： Fangfang Ge Xing Wang Kexin Zhang Xiaoling Jin Rui Guo Yan Liu Xiaocui Qiao Xingru Zhao Binghui Zheng Xuezhong Zheng National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Source Protection Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing 100012 China Hebei Normal University Shijiazhuang 050024 China. National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Source Protection Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing 100012 China. National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Source Protection Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing 100012 China. Electronic address: zhaoxr@***.

Semi-analytical model of heat transport around a well with wellbore mixing effect under multi-step flow rate

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Journal of Hydrology 2023年第PartA期625卷

作者： Shi, Wenguang Wang, Quanrong Yan, Haitao Fu, Xiaogang Kuo, Yi-Ming Zhou, Renjie School of Environmental Studies China University of Geosciences 388 Lumo Road Wuhan430074 China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Source Apportionment and Control of Aquatic Pollution Ministry of Ecology and Environment Hubei Wuhan430074 China Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Basin Environmental Aquatic Science School of Environmental Studies China University of Geosciences Hubei Wuhan430074 China CCCC Second Highway Consultants Co. Ltd. Wuhan430056 China Hebei GEO University Shijiazhuang050031 China Department of Forestry and Natural Resources National Chiayi University 300 Syuefu Rd. Chiayi City60004 Taiwan Department of Environmental and Geosciences Sam Houston State University HuntsvilleTX77340 United States

Modeling heat transport around a well is critical for evaluations of aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES). In this study, an innovative heat transport model considering the wellbore mixing effect under multi-step flow rate in an aquifer system is proposed, where thermal conduction, thermal dispersion, and convection occur in the aquifer. Wellbore mixing effect refers to the influence of mixing processes between the injected water and original water in the well on heat transport in aquifer, which was ignored in existing models. A semi-analytical solution derived from Laplace transform method and Green's function method has been validated by the numerical modeling and field experimental studies. Results show that the wellbore mixing effect should not be ignored in analyzing heat transport around a well in the ATES system, and the new solution satisfactorily interprets the field data. The influence of the thermal dispersion on thermal transfer near the injection/extraction well is sensitive and should not be negligible. Morris global sensitivity analysis demonstrates that the output temperature is most sensitive to the variations of the parameters of wellbore water volume and extraction rate than the others. The influence of water volume decreases with time, and the most sensitive parameter becomes extraction rate in the late stage of the extraction phase. The newly developed model can shed some light on the thermal transfer processes in the ATES system and better interpret the experimental data of the single-well push–pull tests. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Aquifers