Objective To investigate the oxidative damage to lung tissue and peripherial blood in PM2.5-treated rats. Methods PM2.5 samples were collected using an auto-sampling instrument in summer and winter. Treated samples we...
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Objective To investigate the oxidative damage to lung tissue and peripherial blood in PM2.5-treated rats. Methods PM2.5 samples were collected using an auto-sampling instrument in summer and winter. Treated samples were endotracheally instilled into rats. Activity of reduced glutathione peroxidase （GSH-Px） and concentration of malondialdehyde （MDA） were used as oxidative damage biomarkers of lung tissue and peripheral blood detected with the biochemical method. DNA migration length （μm） and rate of tail were used as DNA damage biomarkers of lung tissue and peripheral blood detected with the biochemical method. Results The activity of GSH-Px and the concentration of MDA in lung tissue significantly decreased after exposure to PM2.5 for 7-14 days. In peripheral blood, the concentration of MDA decreased, but the activity of GSH-Px increased 7 and 14 days after experiments. The two indicators had a dose-effect relation and similar changing tendency in lung tissue and peripheral blood. The DNA migration length （μm） and rate of tail in lung tissue and peripheral blood significantly increased 7 and 14 days after exposure to PM2.5. The two indicators had a dose-effect relation and similar changing tendency in lung tissue and peripheral blood. Conclusion PM2.5 has a definite oxidative effect on lung tissue and peripheral blood. The activity of GSH-Px and the concentration of MDA are valuable biomarkers of oxidative lung tissue damage induced by PM2.5. The DNA migration length （μm） and rate of tail are simple and valuable biomarkers of PM2 5-induced DNA damage in lung tissues and peripheral blood. The degree of DNA damage in peripheral blood can predict the degree of DNA damage in lung tissue.
Currently, the measurement of the visibility mainly depends on the human eyes, so that the objectivity is relatively poor. In general, the higher the visibility is, the greater the measurement error is. On the other h...
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source apportionment studies of TSP （atmospheric particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters ≤ 100 μm） and PM10 （atmospheric particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters ≤ 10 μm） have revealed that soil dus...
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source apportionment studies of TSP （atmospheric particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters ≤ 100 μm） and PM10 （atmospheric particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters ≤ 10 μm） have revealed that soil dust is an important source of these particulates in China. In this study, the contamination of soil dust was assessed through the use of a geoaccumulation index （Igeo）. The mass concentration profiles of 17 elements （Na, Mg, Al, K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Br, Ba, and Pb） were established for urban soil dusts. Geochemical compositions of soils from 15 cities were used to represent background urban soil compositions. The results of this study indicated that a number of cities are severely polluted by particulates containing Ca, Cr, Ni, and Cu in both size fractions （TSP and PM10）. Contamination with Zn, Pb, Co, and Br was moderate to severe （Igeo 〉 2）. The Al and Fe concentrations were not high enough for them to be considered contaminants.
TiO_(2) supported on active carbon fiber(TiO_(2)/ACF),an absorbable photocatalyst,is a new kind of material applied in air *** this paper,the influence of environmental temperature(T)and relative humidity(RH)on the ga...
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TiO_(2) supported on active carbon fiber(TiO_(2)/ACF),an absorbable photocatalyst,is a new kind of material applied in air *** this paper,the influence of environmental temperature(T)and relative humidity(RH)on the gas-solid adsorption of toluene and the photocatalytic oxidation(PCO)efficiency of adsorbed toluene on TiO_(2)/ACF were studied,and then,the purification capability of TiO_(2)/ACF was *** results showed that although the PCO efficiency increased under high RH and T levels,the amount of adsorption of toluene ***,quantitative analysis results of intermediates indicated that more environmental risk emerged when PCO of toluene was carried out at higher environmental T and RH levels because more toxic intermediates would be accumulated on the TiO_(2)/***,it is significant to control the environmental T and RH conditions in the application of the PCO technique.T 525uC and RH530% is the optimal condition for purifying toluene in our experimental system.
Groundwater deterioration due to enrichment with contaminants of either geogenic or anthropogenic origin has adversely affected safe water supply for drinking and irrigation, with pervasive impacts on human health and...
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Groundwater deterioration due to enrichment with contaminants of either geogenic or anthropogenic origin has adversely affected safe water supply for drinking and irrigation, with pervasive impacts on human health and ecosystem functions. However, the spatiotemporal evolution and public health effects of groundwater quality remain unclarified, posing a grand challenge for the safe and sustainable supply of global groundwater resources. This article provides a state-of-the-art review of the complexity and dynamics of groundwater quality, as well as the impacts of various groundwater substances on human health. In particular, knowledge is growing about the health impacts of key substances ranging from nutritional elements (e.g., Ca2+, Mg2+) to pollutants (e.g., heavy metals/metalloids, persistent organic pollutants, and emerging contaminants) and, further, to pathogenic microorganisms to which the human body can be exposed through multiple patterns of groundwater use. Proliferating concerns at the same time call for enhancing science-based governance directives, economic policies, and management strategies coordinating groundwater quality. We propose that safeguarding groundwater-dependent public health needs concerted efforts in sourcecontrol, cross-scale rehabilitation, and social hydrology-based groundwater governance.
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