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Chemical characteristics and sources of water-soluble organic aerosol in southwest suburb of Beijing

Journal of environmental Sciences 2020年第9期32卷 99-110页

作者： Ruolan Hu Qingcheng Xu Shuxiao Wang Yang Hua Noshan Bhattarai Jingkun Jiang Yu Song Kaspar R.Daellenbach Lu Qi Andre S.H.Prevot Jiming Hao State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing 100084China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Department of Environmental SciencePeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry Paul Scherrer Institute5232 VilligenSwitzerland Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research University of HelsinkiFinland

PM2.5 filter sampling and components measurement were conducted in autumn and winter from 2014 to 2015 at a suburban site(referred herein as "LLH site") located in the southwest of *** offline aerosol mass spectrometry(offline-AMS) analysis and positive matrix factorization(PMF) were applied for measurement and source apportionment of watersoluble organic aerosol(WSOA).Organic aerosol(OA) always dominated PM2.5 during the sampling period,especially in *** pollution was serious during the polluted period both in autumn(31.1 μg/m3) and winter(31.9 μg/m3),while WSOA accounted for 54.4%of OA during the polluted period in autumn,much more than that(21.3%) in *** oxidation degree of WSOA at LLH site was at a high level(oxygen-to-carbon ratio,O/C=0.91)and secondary organic aerosol(SOA) contributed more mass ratio of WSOA than primary organic aerosol(POA) during the whole observation *** winter,coal combustion OA(CCOA) was a stable source of OA and on average accounted for 25.1% of *** autumn,biomass burning OA(BBOA) from household combustion contributed 38.3% of WSOA during polluted *** addition to oxygenated OA(OOA),aqueous-oxygenated OA(aq-OOA) was identified as an important factor of *** heavy pollution period,the mass proportion of aq-OOA to WSOA increased significantly,implying the significant SOA formation through aqueous-phase *** result of this study highlights the concentration on controlling the residential coal and biomass burning,as well as the research needs on aqueous chemistry in OA formation.

关键词： pollution aerosol winter

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A review and evaluation of nonroad diesel mobile machinery emission control in China

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2023年第1期123卷 30-40页

作者： Pengju Bie Liang Ji Huanxing Cui Gang Li Shunli Liu Ying Yuan Kebin He Huan Liu State Key Joint Laboratory of ESPC State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution ComplexSchool of EnvironmentInternational Joint Laboratory on Low Carbon Clean Energy InnovationTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emission Control and Simulation Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China Jinan Automobile Testing Center Co Ltd.Jinan 250102China

China’s emission control for nonroad diesel mobile machinery(NDMM)must deal with a fast increase in stock as well as regulations that are two decades behind those for on-road *** study provides the first large-scale review and evaluation of China’s NDMM policies,along with emission measurements and an investigation on diesel fuel *** sulfur contents of the investigated diesel declined from 430 ppm(median value)in 2011 to6-8 ppm during the 2017-2018 *** emission control of NO_(x)and PM greatly improved with the shift from the China II to China IV standards,as demonstrated by engine tests and field NO_(x)***,the NO_(x)emission factors for non-type-approved engines were approximately twice the limits of the China II *** compliance based on bench tests was not sufficient to control actual emissions because the field-measured NO_(x)emission factors of all machinery ranged from 24%to 225%greater than the respective emission limits for the *** circumstances adversely affected the effectiveness of the regulations and policies for China’s emission control of ***,the policies on new and in-use NDMM,as well as diesel fuel quality,prevented NO_(x)and PM emissions amounting to 4.4 Tg and 297.8 Gg during the period 2008-2017,*** emission management strategy contributed to enhancing the international competitiveness of China’s NDMM industries by promoting advanced *** effective NDMM emission control in the future,portable testing and noncontact remote supervision should be strengthened;also,the issue of noncompliant diesel should be addressed through rigorous control measures and financial penalties.

关键词： Nonroad mobile machinery Emission reduction Emission control policy Emission factor Diesel fuel quality

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Six-day measurement of size-resolved indoor fluorescent bioaerosols of outdoor origin in an office

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Particuology 2017年第2期15卷 161-169页

作者： Yangyang Xie Oscar A. Fajardo Weizhuo Yan Bin Zhao Jingkun Jiang Department of Building Science School of Architecture Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Beijing Key Laboratory oflndoorAir Quality Evaluation and Control Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing 100084 China

Indoor airborne bioaerosols of outdoor origin play an important role in determining the exposure of humans to bioaerosols because people spend most of their time indoors. However, there are few studies focusing on indoor bioaerosols originating from outdoors. In this study, indoor versus outdoor size-resolved concentrations and particle asymmetry factors of airborne fluorescent bioaerosols in an office room were measured continuously for 6 days （144 h） using a fluorescent bioaerosol detector. The windows and door of this room were closed to ensure that there was only air infiltration; moreover, any human activities were ceased during sampling to inhibit effects of indoor sources. We focused on fine particles, since few coarse particles enter indoor environments, when windows and doors are closed. Both indoor and outdoor fluorescent bioaerosol size distributions were fit with two-mode lognormal distributions （indoor R2 = 0.935, outdoor R2 = 0.938）. Asymmetry factor distributions were also fit with lognormal distributions （indoor R2 = 0.992, outdoor R2 = 0.992）. Correlations between indoor and outdoor fluorescent bioaerosol concentrations show significant concentration-attenuation and a time lag during the study period. A two-parameter, semi-empirical model was used to predict concentrations of indoor fluorescent bioaerosols of outdoor origin. The measured and predicted concentrations had a linear relationship for the studied size fractions, with an R2 for all size fractions of larger than 0.83.

关键词： Fluorescent bioaerosols Indoor air Outdoor air Waveband integrated bioaerosol sensor（WIBS）Particle size distributions Concentrations

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China Keeps Carrying Forward the key Special Project of ＂air pollution Causes and control＂

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Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2016年第5期10卷 3-4页

作者： Huan Liu Kebin He State Key Joint Laboratory of ESPC School of the EnvironmentTsinghua University State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Collaborative Innovation Centre for Regional Environmental Quality Beijing 100084China

The Recommendations for Guide on 2017 air pollution Causes and control Project Application, has recently been made public, seeking for opinions. In 2017, no more than 33 projects （no youth project any more） will be arranged and supported, approximately accounting for 30% of the overall task of this key Special Project. This key Special Project was released by the Ministry of Science and Technology in 2015, to support the implementation of the air pollution Prevention and control Action Plan by the state Council. This key Special Project is meant to strengthen the technological support capacity, which is the urgent need for China＇s air pollution control [1,2], by supporting projects during the period from 2015 to 2020. This project mainly focuses on significant scientific and technological needs in China＇s air pollution prevention and control as well as development of the energy conservation and environment protection industry, seeking to realize an integration of fundamental research, generic technology and application demonstration in major regions.

关键词：空气污染控制控制项目污染原因中国大气污染防治申请指南支撑能力科技需求

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Degradation of chlorobenzene by non-thermal plasma coupled with catalyst:influence of catalyst,interaction between plasma and catalyst

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Plasma Science and Technology 2023年第5期25卷 170-183页

作者：石秀娟梁文俊尹国彬刘佳 Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124People’s Republic of China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Odor Pollution Control Tianjin Academy of Ecoenvironmental SciencesTianjin 300191People’s Republic of China

Non-thermal plasma(NTP)is considered to be a promising technology for the removal of volatile organic compounds;however,its application is limited by low CO_(2) selectivity and undesirable *** overcome these issues,this paper discusses the degradation of chlorobenzene(CB)in systems of NTP coupled with catalysts,and the influence of catalyst locations in the NTP was *** addition,the interaction between plasma and catalyst was also *** results indicated that the degradability of CB was remarkably improved through the combination of NTP with catalysts,and the formation of ozone was effectively *** degradation efficiency increased from 33.9%to 79.6%at 14 kV in the NTPcatalytic system,while the ozone concentration decreased from 437 to 237 mg m^(-3),and the degradation efficiency of in plasma catalysis(IPC)systems was superior to that of the post plasma catalysis system,while the inhibition ability of ozone exhibited an opposing *** the IPC system,the degradation efficiency was 87.7%at 14 k V,while the ozone concentration was151 mg m^(-3).Besides,the plasma did not destroy the pore structure and crystal structure of the catalyst,but affected the surface morphology and redox performance of the ***,NTP coupled catalytic system could improve the degradation performance of ***,the plasma discharge characteristics played a major role in the NTP synergistic catalytic degradation of ***,based on the experiment analysis results,the general reaction mechanism of CB degradation in an IPC reaction system was proposed.

关键词： non-thermal plasma chlorobenzene catalysts ozone decomposition mechanism

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Technical Perspective of Carbon Capture,Utilization,and Storage

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Engineering 2022年第7期8卷 27-32页

作者： Qingyang Lin Xiao Zhang Tao Wang Chenghang Zheng Xiang Gao State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Coal-Fired Air Pollution ControlZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

Carbon dioxide(CO_(2))is the primary greenhouse gas contributing to anthropogenic climate change which is associated with human *** majority of CO_(2) emissions are results of the burning of fossil fuels for energy,as well as industrial processes such as steel and cement *** capture,utilization,and storage(CCUS)is a sustainable technology promising in terms of reducing CO_(2) emissions that would otherwise contribute to climate *** this perspective,the discussion on carbon capture focuses on chemical absorption technology,primarily due to its commercialization *** CO_(2) absorptive capacity and absorption rate of various chemical solvents have been *** carbon utilization focuses on electrochemical conversion routes converting CO_(2) into potentially valuable chemicals which have received particular attention in recent *** Faradaic conversion efficiencies for various CO_(2) reduction products are used to describe efficiency *** carbon storage,successful deployment relies on a better understanding of fluid mechanics,geomechanics,and reactive transport,which are discussed in details.

关键词： CCUS Carbon capture Carbon utilization Carbon storage Chemical absorption Electrochemical conversion Storage mechanism

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Effects of acid deposition control in China:a review based on responses of subtropical forests

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Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第6期18卷 115-126页

作者： Danni Xie Xiaodong Ge Lei Duan Jan Mulder School of Land Engineering Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710064China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing 100084China Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management Norwegian University of Life SciencesBox 5003NO-1432ÅsNorway

For many decades,acid deposition used to pose a significant regional air pollution challenge in *** substantial emission control of anthropogenically derived sulfur and nitrogen containing gasses,both sulfur and nitrogen deposition,as well as the acid rain-affected area,have significantly decreased compared to their peak ***,particularly in the humid subtropics,are sensitive to acid deposition,as evidenced by soil acidification,sulfate and nitrate leaching in stream water,and elevated soil nitrous oxide *** in the total deposition of sulfur and nitrogen,caused a significant decline in sulfate and nitrate leaching from subtropical forest and subsequently in sulfate and nitrate concentrations in stream water,although there was about a 5-year *** delay may be attributed to the desorption of accumulated sulfate and continued elevated mineralization of accumulated nitrogen *** of nitrous oxide,a potent greenhouse gas,also declined in nitrogen-saturated subtropical forest soils,as soil water nitrate concentration ***,subtropical forests in China suffering from elevated acid deposition have begun to ***,the current levels of sulfur and nitrogen deposition continue to exceed the critical loads,i.e.,the assigned threshold levels in accordance with emission control policies,in more than 10%of the country’s land area,respectively,indicating remaining risks of acidification and ***,further emission reductions are urgently needed,also because they will help achieving goals related to air quality and nitrous oxide emissions.

关键词： Acidification Critical load Nitrous oxide Surface water chemistry Recovery

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Variation characteristics of fine particulate matter and its components in diesel vehicle emission plumes

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2021年第9期33卷 138-149页

作者： Xianbao Shen Jiateng Hao Lei Kong Yue Shi Xinyue Cao Jiacheng Shi Zhiliang Yao Xin Li Bobo Wu Yiming Xu Kebin He State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control Beijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing 100048China Key Laboratory of Cleaner Production and Integrated Resource Utilization of China National Light Industry Beijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing 100048China School of Ecology and Environment Beijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing 100048China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing 100084China

A rapid reaction occurs near the exhaust nozzle when vehicle emissions contact the *** diesel vehicles were studied using a new multipoint sampling system that is suitable for studying the exhaust plume near the exhaust *** variation characteristics of fine particle matter(PM_(2.5)) and its components in diesel vehicle exhaust plumes were *** PM_(2.5) emissions gradually increased with increasing distance from the nozzle in the *** carbon emissions remained basically unchanged, organic carbon and total carbon(TC) increased with increasing *** concentrations of SO_(4)^(2-),NO_(3)^(-) and NH_(4)^(+) (SNA) directly emitted by the vehicles were very low but increased rapidly in the exhaust *** selective catalytic reduction(SCR) reduced 42.7% TC, 40% NO_(3)^(-) emissions, but increased 104% SO_(4)^(2-) and 36% NH_(4)^(+) emissions, *** summary,the SCR reduced 29% primary PM_(2.5) emissions for the tested diesel *** NH_(4)NO_(3) particle formation maybe more important in the plume, and there maybe other forms of formation of NH_(4)^(+) (***4Cl).The generation of secondary organic carbon(SOC) plays a leading role in the generation of secondary PM_(2.5).The SCR enhanced the formation of SOC and SNA in the plume, but comprehensive analysis shows that the SCR more enhanced the SNA formation in the plume, which is mainly new particles formation *** inconsistency between secondary organic aerosol(SOA) and primary organic aerosol definitions is one of the important reasons for the difference between SOA simulation and observation.

关键词： Variation characteristics Diesel vehicle Emission plume PM2.5 Components

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air pollution characteristics and their relationship with emissions and meteorology in the Yangtze River Delta region during 2014–2016

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2019年第9期31卷 8-20页

作者： Tao Ma Fengkui Duan Kebin He Yu Qin Dan Tong Guannan Geng Xuyan Liu Hui Li Shuo Yang Siqi Ye Beiyao Xu Qiang Zhang Yongliang Ma State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Quality Evaluation and Control Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China National Satellite Meteorological Center Beijing 100081 China College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 China

With rapid economic growth and urbanization, the Yangtze River Delta(YRD) region in China has experienced serious air pollution challenges. In this study, we analyzed the air pollution characteristics and their relationship with emissions and meteorology in the YRD region during 2014–2016. In recent years, the concentrations of all air pollutants, except O3,decreased. Spatially, the PM2.5, PM10, SO2, and CO concentrations were higher in the northern YRD region, and NO2 and O3 were higher in the central YRD region. Based on the number of non-attainment days(i.e., days with air quality index greater than 100), PM2.5 was the largest contributor to air pollution in the YRD region, followed by O3, PM10, and ***, particulate matter pollution has declined gradually, while O3 pollution *** conditions mainly influenced day-to-day variations in pollutant concentrations. PM2.5 concentration was inversely related to wind speed, while O3 concentration was positively correlated with temperature and negatively correlated with relative *** air quality improvement in recent years was mainly attributed to emission *** 2014–2016, PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NOx, CO, NH3, and volatile organic compound(VOC)emissions in the YRD region were reduced by 26.3%, 29.2%, 32.4%, 8.1%, 15.9%, 4.5%, and0.3%, respectively. Regional transport also contributed to the air pollution. During regional haze periods, pollutants from North China and East China aggravated the pollution in the YRD region. Our findings suggest that emission reduction and regional joint prevention and control helped to improve the air quality in the YRD region.

关键词： air pollution Spatiotemporal variation Meteorological condition Emission inventory Regional transport Yangtze River Delta

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Real-world fuel consumption of light-duty passenger vehicles using on-board diagnostic (OBD) systems

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Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2020年第2期14卷 207-216页

作者： Xuan Zheng Sheng Lu Liuhanzi Yang Min Yan Guangyi Xu Xiaomeng Wu Lixin Fu Ye Wu College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China School of Environment State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution ControlTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China International Council on Clean Transportation Beijing 100084China Shenzhen Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Shenzhen 518001China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing 100084China

An increasing discrepancy between real-world and type-approval fuel consumption for light-duty passenger vehicles(LDPVs)has been reported by several ***,real-world fuel consumption is measured primarily by a portable emission measurement *** on-board diagnostic(OBD)approach,which is flexible and offers high-resolution data collection,is a promising fuel consumption monitoring *** LDPVs were tested with a laboratory dynamometer based on a type-approval cycle,the New European Driving Cycle(NEDC).Fuel consumption was measured by the OBD and constant-volume sampling system(CVS,a regulatory method)to verify the accuracy of the OBD *** results of the OBD method and the regulatory carbon balance method exhibited a strong linear correlation(e.g.,R^2=0.906-0.977).Compared with the carbon balance results,the fuel consumption results using the OBD were 7.1%±4.3%lower on ***,the real-world fuel consumption of six LDPVs was tested in Beijing using the *** results showed that the normalized NEDC real-world fliel consumption of the tested vehicles was 13%±17%higher than the type-approval-based fuel *** the OBD values are lower than the actual fuel consumption,using a carbon balance method may result in a larger discrepancy between real-word and type-approval ftiel *** means of the operating mode binning and micro trip methods,a strong relationship(R^2=0.984)was established between the average speed and relative fuel *** congested roads(average vehicle speed less than 25 km/h),the fuel consumption of LDPVs is highly sensitive to changes in average speed.

关键词： Fuel consumption Light-duty passenger vehicles On-board diagnostic systems

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