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Anthropogenic monoterpenes aggravating ozone pollution

National Science Review 2022年第9期9卷 178-185页

作者： Haichao Wang Xuefei Ma Zhaofeng Tan Hongli Wang Xiaorui Chen Shiyi Chen Yaqin Gao Ying Liu Yuhan Liu Xinping Yang Bin Yuan Limin Zeng Cheng Huang Keding Lu Yuanhang Zhang State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Ozone Pollution ControlCollege of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking University School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen University Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Climate Environment and Air Quality Change in the Pearl River Estuary Key Laboratory of Tropical Atmosphere–Ocean System Ministry of Education Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Institute of Energy and Climate Research IEK-8:TroposphereForschungszentrum Jülich Gmb H State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Formation and Prevention of the Urban Air Complex Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences Institute for Environmental and Climate Research Jinan University

Monoterpenes have been known to have a critical influence on air quality and climate change through their impact on the formation of fine *** we present field evidence that monoterpene oxidations largely enhanced local ozone production in a regional site in eastern *** observed monoterpene was most likely from biomass burning rather than biogenic emissions,as indicated by the high correlation with CO at night-time,and the observed ratio of these two species was consistent with previously determined values from biomass burning *** monoterpene oxidations were determined experimentally based on direct radical measurements,leading to a daily ozone enhancement of 4-18 parts per billion by volume（ppb）,which was 6%-16% of the total ozone production,depending on the speciation of *** demonstrates that the previously overlo oked anthropogenic monoterpenes make an important contribution to 03 production in eastern *** role could possibly be important at similar locations across China and other parts of the world that are characterized by massive emissions,especially where there are high *** results highlight that anthropogenic monoterpenes should be taken into account when proceeding with the coordinated mitigation of O3and particulate matter pollution.

关键词： monoterpenes ozone pollution biomass burning anthropogenic emissions radical chemistry

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Heterogeneous reaction of NO_(2) with feldspar, three clay minerals and Arizona Test Dust

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2023年第8期130卷 65-74页

作者： Mingjin Tang Xiaohong Jia Lanxiadi Chen Wenjun Gu Chengpeng Huang FuWang Lan Luo Hongli Wang Xinming Wang Chao Peng State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilizationand Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and ControlGuangzhou Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510640China CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science Guangzhou 510640China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Longhua Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Shenzhen Shenzhen 518109China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Formation and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex Shanghai Academy of Environmental SciencesShanghai 200233China

Heterogeneous reaction of NO_(2) with mineral dust aerosol may play important roles in troposphere chemistry,and has been investigated by a number of laboratory ***,the influence of mineralogy on this reaction has not been well understood,and its impact on aerosol hygroscopicity is not yet *** work investigated heterogeneous reactions of NO_(2)(∼10 ppmv)with K-feldspar,illite,kaolinite,montmorillonite and Arizona Test Dust(ATD)at room temperature as a function of relative humidity(<1%to 80%)and reaction time(up to 24 hr).Heterogeneous reactivity towards NO_(2) was low for illite,kaolinite,montmorillonite and ATD,and uptake coefficients of NO_(2),γ(NO_(2)),were determined to be around or smaller than 1×10^(−8);K-feldspar exhibited higher reactivity towards NO_(2),and CaCO_(3) is most reactive among the nine mineral dust samples considered in this and previous *** heterogeneous reaction with NO_(2) for 24 hr,increase in hygroscopicity was nearly insignificant for illite,kaolinite and montmorillonite,and small but significant for K-feldspar;in addition,large increase in hygroscopicity was observed for ATD,although the increase in hygroscopicity was still smaller than CaCO_(3).

关键词： Mineral dust Heterogeneous reaction Hygroscopicity Mineralogy Nitrogen oxides Nitrate

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Impact of anthropogenic heat emissions on meteorological parameters and air quality in Beijing using a high-resolution model simulation

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Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2022年第4期16卷 47-57页

作者： Hengrui Tao Jia Xing Gaofeng Pan Jonathan Pleim Limei Ran Shuxiao Wang Xing Chang Guojing Li Fei Chen Junhua Li Aviation University of Air Force Changchun 130022China School of Environment and State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing 100084China Research Triangle Park Environmental Protection AgencyNC 27711USA East Remote Sensing Laboratory United States Department of AgricultureNC 20250USA Unit No.96941 of Chinese People's Liberation Army Beijing 100041China Unit No.31010 of Chinese People's Liberation Army Beijing 100081China

Anthropogenic heat emissions(AHE)play an important role in modulating the atmospheric thermodynamic and kinetic properties within the urban planetary boundary layer,particularly in densely populated megacities like *** this study,we estimate the AHE by using a Large-scale Urban Consumption of energY(LUCY)model and further couple LUCY with a high-resolution regional chemical transport model to evaluate the impact of AHE on atmospheric environment in *** areas with high AHE,the 2-m temperature(T_(2))increased to varying degrees and showed distinct diurnal and seasonal variations with maxima in night and *** increase in 10-m wind speed(WS_(10))and planetary boundary layer height(PBLH)exhibited slight diurnal variations but showed significant seasonal ***,the systematic continuous precipitation increased by 2.1 mm due to the increase in PBLH and water vapor in upper *** contrast,the precipitation in local thermal convective showers increased little because of the limited water ***,the PM_(2.5) reduced in areas with high AHE because of the increase in WS_(10) and PBLH and continued to reduce as the pollution levels *** contrast,in areas where prevailing wind direction was opposite to that of thermal circulation caused by AHE,the WS_(10) reduced,leading to increased PM_(2.5).The changes of PM_(2.5) illustrated that a reasonable AHE scheme might be an effective means to improve the performance of PM_(2.5) ***,high AHE aggravated the O_(3) pollution in urban areas due to the reduction in NO_(x).

关键词： Anthropogenic heat emissions LUCY High-resolution Meteorological parameters air quality

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A review of the technology and applications of methods for evaluating the transport of air pollutants

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2023年第1期123卷 341-349页

作者： Xiaoqi Wang Shuiyuan Cheng Ying Zhou Hanyu Zhang Panbo Guan Zhida Zhang Weichao Bai Wujun Dai Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China School of Ecology and Environment Beijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing 100048China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control Beijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing 100048China

A variety of methods based on air quality models,including tracer methods,the bruteforce method(BFM),decoupled direct method(DDM),high-order decoupled direct method(HDDM),response surface models(RSMs)and so on forth,have been widely used to study the transport of air *** methods have good applicability for the transport of air pollutants with simple formation ***,differences in research conclusions on secondary pollutants with obvious nonlinear characteristics have been *** example,the tracer method is suitable for the study of simpli?ed scenarios,while HDDM and RSMs are more suitable for the study for nonlinear *** observation techniques,including conventional air pollutant observation,lidar observation,air sounding balloons,vehicle-mounted and ship-borne technology,aerial surveys,and remote sensing observations,have been utilized to investigate air pollutant transport characteristics with time resolution as high as 1 *** addition,based on a multi-regional input-output model combined with emission inventories,the transfer of air pollutant emissions can be evaluated and applied to study the air pollutant transport *** technologies have advantages in temporal resolution and accuracy,while modeling technologies are more?exible in spatial resolution and research plan *** order to accurately quantify the transport characteristics of pollutants,it is necessary to develop a research method for interactive veri?cation of observation and *** evaluation of the transport of air pollutants from different angles can provide a scienti?c basis for regional joint prevention and control.

关键词： air pollutant transport Simulation technology Observation technology Transport matrix Transport?ux

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Atmospheric gaseous aromatic hydrocarbons in eastern China based on mobile measurements:Spatial distribution,secondary formation potential and source apportionment

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2023年第8期130卷 102-113页

作者： Lingling Yuan Hongli Wang Yaqin Gao Guofa Ren Yiqun Lu Shengao Jing Wen Tan Liang Zhu Yu Shang Jing An Cheng Huang Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health School of Environmental and Chemical EngineeringShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China State of Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Formation and Prevention of Urban Air Complex Shanghai Academy of Environmental SciencesShanghai 200233China Tofwerk China Nanjing 210000China

Monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(MAHs)and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)are both well known as hazardous air pollutants and also important anthropogenic precursors of tropospheric ozone(O3)and secondary organic aerosols(SOA).In recent years,there have been intensive studies covering MAHs emission from various sources and their behavior under stimulated photochemical *** in-situ measurements of PAHs presence and variations in ambient air are *** we conducted large geometrical scale mobile measurements for 16 aromatic hydrocarbons(AHs,including 7 MAHs and 9 PAHs)in eastern China between October 27 and November 8,*** unique dataset has allowed for some insights in terms of AHs concentration variations,accompanying chemical composition,source contributions and spatial distributions in eastern *** general,AHs showed a clear concentration variability between the south and the north of the Yangtze River Delta(YRD).The concentrations of PAHs were approximately 9%of AHs,but contributed 23%of SOA formation *** apportionment via positive matrix factorization(PMF)model revealed that industrial processes as the largest source(44%)of observed AHs,followed by solvent usage(21%),vehicle exhaust(19%),coal combustion(11%)and coking processes(6%).In the perspective of PAHs sources,coal combustion emissions were identified as the dominating factor of a share of 41%–52%in eastern *** findings complemented the simultaneously monitoring information of PAHs and MAHs in eastern China,revealed the importance of PAHs to SOA formation and highlighted the necessity of formulating strategies to reduce emissions from anthropogenic sources and reduce risks to human health.

关键词： Monocyclic/polycyclic aromatics Spatial distribution Source apportionment Eastern China Mobile measurements

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Vertical characteristics and source identification of PM_(10) in Tianjin

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2012年第1期24卷 112-115页

作者： Zhimei Xiao Jianhui Wu Suqin Han Yufen Zhang Hong Xu Xiaoyong Zhang Guoliang Shi Yinchang Feng State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control College of Environmental Science and Engineering Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China Tianjin Meteorological Administration Tianjin 300071 China

Ambient PM 10 （particulate matter with a diameter less than 10μm） concentrations were measured on a 255 meter tower in Tianjin,*** samples were collected at four vertical levels （10,40,120 and 220 m）.Vertical characteristics for PM 10 samples were *** results showed that the concentrations of PM 10 and constituent species had a negative correlation with the sampling *** highest concentrations of PM 10 and species were obtained at the 10 m level,and the lowest concentrations were measured at the 220 m *** the fractions of species to total mass,SO 4 2- and NO 3- had higher values （fraction） at greater height;while Ca had a higher fraction at lower *** source categories for the PM 10 ambient dataset were identified by the principal component analysis *** possible source categories included crustal dust,vehicles,cement dust,and incineration as well as secondary sulfate and nitrate *** of meteorological factors on PM 10 concentrations indicated that wind speed and inversion may be the main factors contributing to different concentrations of PM 10 at different heights.

关键词： vertical characteristic PM 10 sources principal component analysis

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Size-resolved carbonaceous components and water-soluble ions measurements of ambient aerosol in Beijing

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2017年第4期29卷 298-313页

作者： Pusheng Zhao Yina Chen Jie Su Institute of Urban Meteorology China Meteorological Administration Environmental Meteorology Forecasting Center of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control College of Environmental Science and EngineeringNankai University

A MOUDI-120 sampler was used in Beijing to collect multi-stage samples in the summer and winter of 2013 to 2015. Thirty-three sample sets were collected during the daytime,nighttime, and different pollution levels. The actual relative humidity in the impactors was calculated for the first time. The carbonaceous components（organic and elemental carbon,OC and EC, respectively） and water-soluble inorganic ions（Na~＋, NH4~＋, K~＋, Mg^（2＋）, Ca^（2＋）, Cl^-, NO3^-,and SO4^（2-）） were analyzed in each sample. The characteristics of the mass concentration distribution and charge balance were discussed. On the basis of relative humidity in the impactors, aerosols less than 1.0 μm were sampled under relatively dry conditions in most cases. The concentration levels for the chemical species were higher in the winter than in the summer. Three modes（condensation mode, droplet mode, and coarse mode） could be identified from the distributions of NH4~＋, NO3^-, SO4^（2-）, Cl^-, K~＋, OC and EC. The distribution characteristics for the pollution dissipation process were different from the pollution accumulation process. NO3^-and NO2^-contributed most of the negative electric charges in the stage below 0.1 μm. In the condensation mode, the cations were dominated by NH4~＋, which was sufficient to balance the anions. In the droplet mode of the heavily polluted samples,the ammonium was not sufficient to balance the anions. In the coarse mode, the positive electric charges were primarily composed of metal cations. The analyzed anions were not sufficient to neutralize the measured cations.

关键词： Size-resolved Carbonaceous Ion Aerosol

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VOCs evaporative emissions from vehicles in China:Species characteristics of different emission processes

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environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2020年第1期1卷 9-19页

作者： Hanyang Man Huan Liu He Niu Kai Wang Fanyuan Deng Xiaotong Wang Qian Xiao Jiming Hao State Key Joint Laboratory of ESPC School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing100084China State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture Qinghai UniversityXining810003China Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control&Resource Reuse Fujian Normal UniversityFuzhou350007China College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing100871China China Automotive Technology and Research Center Beijing100070China

Vehicle evaporation is an essential source of VOCs in cities but is not well understood in *** emission factors from previous studies are not enough for understanding the atmospheric chemical process of vehicular evaporative *** this work,a serious of detailed VOCs speciation profiles are developed based on test processes and emission processes.A mass balance method was used to divide different emission processes during diurnal *** results show that headspace vapor of gasoline cannot represent the real-world vehicle evaporation because of the significant differences in VOCs speciation profiles,especially for *** further distinguish emissions from evaporation and exhaust,only the ratios of MTBE/benzene and MTBE/toluene can serve as indicators when considering species from all evaporative ***,emissions from different sources change significantly with the *** solve these problems,we developed a monthly comprehensive evaporation speciation *** individual profiles at the emission processes are weighted by the emission of the in-use vehicle fleet in Beijing to derive the comprehensive speciation profile of evaporative *** formation potential(OFP)and secondary organic aerosol potential(SOAP)were used to evaluate the environmental *** SOAP,100 g evaporative emissions are equal to 6.05-12.71 g toluene in different months,much higher than that given using headspace vapors,especially in winter(7.2 times higher in December).These findings would improve our understanding of the evaporative VOCs emissions in China and their environmental impacts(e.g.,O3 and SOA formation).

关键词： Vehicle evaporative emission VOC speciation profile Monthly comprehensive profile SOAP Ozone formation potential

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Reconstructing missing NOx emissions in heavy-duty diesel vehicle OBD data: A machine learning approach

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Journal of Hazardous Materials 2025年 494卷 138619页

作者： Zeping Cao Yanan Wang Xiaoyang Zhao Jiawei Yin Zhenyu Jia Yanjie Zhan Yan Liu Qijun Zhang Hongjun Mao Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research & State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control College of Environmental Science and Engineering Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China Tianjin Youmei Environment Technology Ltd. Tianjin 300380 China

On-Board Diagnostic (OBD) systems enable real-time monitoring of heavy-duty diesel vehicle operations and NOx emissions. However, existing OBD systems have inherent limitations, including systematic missing values. To address this issue, this study develops a data-driven approach. The method utilizes OBD-recorded upstream and downstream NOx emissions data to build machine learning models for reconstructing real-world OBD data. The modeling results indicate that machine learning models perform well in predicting upstream emissions, achieving an R² above 0.9 on the test set. However, its performance in predicting downstream emissions was highly variable, with R² ranging from 0.05 to 0.98, and showed a positive correlation with fuel-based emission factors. A case study was conducted on a selected vehicle. The total NOx emission associated with missing data for this specific vehicle was estimated at 15,741.3 g, whereas the recorded emission from available data was 6157.3 g. Missing data were then imputed for an additional 31 vehicles, revealing that normal emitters showed significantly higher emission associated with missing data. The proposed approach is highly compatible with existing big data platforms and can be easily extended to other vehicles. This will improve the platform’s representation of real-world emission, enabling policymakers to implement more targeted pollution mitigation strategies.

关键词： Heavy-duty diesel vehicle Machine learning NOx emission On-board diagnostics data imputation

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Distributions and sources of n-alkanes in PM_(2.5) at urban,industrial and coastal sites in Tianjin,China

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2010年第10期22卷 1551-1557页

作者： Weifang Li Yue Peng Zhipeng Bai State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control College of Environmental Science and Engineering Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China. Tianjin Academy of Environmental Protection Science Tianjin 300191 China Liaoning Provincial Environmental Monitoring Center Shenyang 110031 China

Aliphatic hydrocarbons （n-alkanes） associated with fine particulate matter were determined in the ambient air of urban, industrial and coastal areas in Tianjin, China, where intensive coal burning for industrial and domestic purpose takes place, n-Alkane homologues from C12 to C35 were quantifiable in all samples with C20-C31 being the most abundant species. Average concentrations of the total n-alkanes were 148.7, 250.1 and 842.0 ng/m3 in July, April and January, respectively. Seasonal variations were mainly attributed to ambient temperature changes and coal combustion for residential heating. Among the three studied areas, the highest levels of n-alkanes were observed in the industrial complex in winter and spring, but in summer the coastal alkane concentration moved up to the highest. A mono-modal distribution for n-alkanes was observed in spring and summer with odd carbon number predominance and a maximum centered at C27-C31, suggesting the release of plant wax into the atmosphere. The bimodal distribution with maxima at C22 and C26 observed in winter indicated a substantial influence of fossil fuel sources. All the CPIs （CPI1, CPI2, CPI3） values, varying between 0.64 and 1.97, indicated the influence of anthropogenic emissions on fine organic aerosols. The estimated contributions of plant wax to total n-alkanes were on average of 12.9%, 19.1% and 26.1% for winter, spring and summer, respectively.

关键词： PM2.5 n-alkanes distribution pattern CPIs plant wax

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