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E-PRedictor: an approach for early prediction of pull request acceptance

Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第5期68卷 380-395页

作者： Kexing CHEN Lingfeng BAO Xing HU Xin XIA Xiaohu YANG State Key Laboratory of Blockchain and Data Security Zhejiang University Software Engineering Application Technology Lab

A pull request(PR) is an event in Git where a contributor asks project maintainers to review code he/she wants to merge into a project. The PR mechanism greatly improves the efficiency of distributed software development in the opensource community. Nevertheless, the massive number of PRs in an open-source software(OSS) project increases the workload of developers. To reduce the burden on developers, many previous studies have investigated factors that affect the chance of PRs getting accepted and built prediction models based on these factors. However, most prediction models are built on the data after PRs are submitted for a while(e.g., comments on PRs), making them not useful in practice. Because integrators still need to spend a large amount of effort on inspecting PRs. In this study, we propose an approach named E-PRedictor(earlier PR predictor) to predict whether a PR will be merged when it is created. E-PRedictor combines three dimensions of manual statistic features(i.e., contributor profile, specific pull request, and project profile) and deep semantic features generated by BERT models based on the description and code changes of PRs. To evaluate the performance of E-PRedictor, we collect475192 PRs from 49 popular open-source projects on GitHub. The experiment results show that our proposed approach can effectively predict whether a PR will be merged or not. E-PRedictor outperforms the baseline models(e.g., Random Forest and VDCNN) built on manual features significantly. In terms of F1@Merge, F1@Reject, and AUC(area under the receiver operating characteristic curve), the performance of E-PRedictor is 90.1%, 60.5%, and 85.4%, respectively.

关键词： pull request prediction model GitHub

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Research on blockchain architecture for terminal side business applications of distributed iot 6

Research on blockchain architecture for terminal side busine...

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6th International Conference on Energy, Power and grid, ICEPG 2024

作者： Pan, Xiukui Yang, Ke Li, Na Zheng, Shangzhuo Guo, Qinglei Co. Ltd Beijing100032 China State Grid Digital Technology Holdings Co. Ltd Beijing100032 China Blockchain Application Technology Laboratory State Grid Corporation of China Beijing100053 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350377798

As the most important energy exchange hub of the new power system, the distribution network is of great significance for supporting clean energy production and electricity substitution for energy consumption. The blockchain-based distribution network supports distributed power generation and has the function of good interaction with the main network and users, adapting to the construction and development of a strong intelligent distribution network. The focus of this article is on the authenticity and security requirements of data on the intelligent terminal side of the distributed Internet of Things system. A blockchain and chip software and hardware collaborative technology framework are designed for the terminal side business, and an embedded edge intelligent framework and efficient parallel blockchain hardware acceleration architecture are designed. Ultimately, high-performance, highly trusted, and highly secure underlying technology support is provided for blockchain end-side applications, creating a trustworthy software and hardware integrated environment, hence improving the operational efficiency of the underlying blockchain platform, reducing blockchain latency, and supporting adaptation to multiple types of blockchain basic service platforms. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Power distribution networks

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Optimisation method for carbon black distribution of polypropylene-based semi-conductive screen materials and its effect on charge emission behaviour at screen/insulation interface

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High Voltage 2023年第2期8卷 239-250页

作者： Jiaming Yang Rui Zhang Xu Yang Zhi Sun Xindong Zhao Hong Zhao Xuan Wang Lin Li Heqian Liu Key Laboratory of Engineering Dielectrics and Its Application Harbin University of Science and TechnologyHarbinChina State Grid Heilongjiang Electric Power Company Limited Electric Power Research Institute State Grid Corporation of ChinaHarbinChina

The semi-conductive(SC)screen materials used in polypropylene(PP)-based cables are usually multi-component *** shows poor compatibility with carbon black(CB),and CB particles tend to disperse in the elastomer phase,which results in CB non-uniform dispersion in screen *** non-uniform distribution of CB will cause abnormal electric fields at the screen/insulation interface and affect insulation *** paper prepared modified PP grafted by molecule maleic anhydride,and four PP-based SC shielding materials were blended in combination with PP,PP-g-MAH,and thermoplastic elastomer(POE)as matrix *** CB distribution,electrical conductivity,and basic physical properties of the shielding material were *** screen materials were served as electrodes to test their effects on the space charge and conductivity characteristics of *** relationship between the macroscopic properties and the distribution characteristics of CB was *** show that the selective dispersion of CB in screen material was improved by PPg-MAH and the surface electric potential distribution was *** emission at the screen/insulation interface and conductivity can be reduced by homogenising the CB ***/PP-g-MAH/POE prepared in this paper exhibits relatively uniform CB distribution,which can reduce the charge emission from the screen/insulation interface.

关键词： insulation distribution interface

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Security Assessment Model for blockchain Software and Hardware Fusion Device Based on Decision Tree Algorithm

Security Assessment Model for Blockchain Software and Hardwa...

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2023 International Conference on Internet of Things, Robotics and Distributed Computing, ICIRDC 2023

作者： Yang, Ke Sun, Shuang Lei, Mingyang Wang, Weiyu Pan, Xiukui State Grid Digital Technology Holding Co. Ltd. Beijing100077 China Co. Ltd. Beijing100077 China State Grid Blockchain Application Technology Laboratory Beijing100077 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350375275

As the core hub for carrying various blockchain applications upstream and connecting network infrastructure downstream, blockchain infrastructure provides necessary storage, transmission, computing, development, and testing for the implementation of blockchain applications. This article attempts to propose a security evaluation model for blockchain software and hardware fusion devices based on decision tree algorithms. From the perspective of blockchain technology architecture, it fully reveals the security risks of evaluated blockchain projects for software and hardware fusion devices. It is necessary to conduct a comprehensive analysis of various technologies that affect the security risks of blockchain software and hardware fusion devices. By reusing the kernel through decision tree algorithm, a system chip that meets predetermined requirements can be quickly constructed, integrating processor modules and some commonly used functional modules. The research results indicate that the detection rate of the experimental group model is consistently higher than that of the traditional model. During the detection rate process, the average value of the experimental group is as high as 89.3%, which is much higher than the traditional model. Furthermore, the error detection rate curve remains at the lowest position, indicating the effectiveness of the proposed evaluation model. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： blockchain

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Dual Prompt-Based Few-Shot Learning for Automated Vulnerability Patch Localization 31

Dual Prompt-Based Few-Shot Learning for Automated Vulnerabil...

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31st IEEE International Conference on Software Analysis, Evolution and Reengineering, SANER 2024

作者： Zhang, Junwei Hu, Xing Bao, Lingfeng Xia, Xin Li, Shanping Zhejiang University The State Key Laboratory of Blockchain and Data Security Hangzhou China Software Engineering Application Technology Lab Huawei China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350330663

Vulnerabilities are disclosed with corresponding patches so that users can remediate them in time. However, there are instances where patches are not released with the disclosed vulnerabilities, causing hidden dangers, especially if dependent software remains uninformed about the affected code repository. Hence, it is crucial to automatically locate security patches for disclosed vulnerabilities among a multitude of commits. Despite the promising performance of existing learning-based localization approaches, they still suffer from the following limitations: (1) They cannot perform well in data scarcity scenarios. Most neural models require extensive datasets to capture the semantic correlations between the vulnerability description and code commits, while the number of disclosed vulnerabilities with patches is limited. (2) They struggle to capture the deep semantic correlations between the vulnerability description and code commits due to inherent differences in semantics and characters between code changes and commit messages. It is difficult to use one model to capture the semantic correlations between vulnerability descriptions and code commits. To mitigate these two limitations, in this paper, we propose a novel security patch localization approach named Prom VPat, which utilizes the dual prompt tuning channel to capture the semantic correlation between vulnerability descriptions and commits, especially in data scarcity (i.e., few-shot) scenarios. We first input the commit message and code changes with the vulnerability description into the prompt generator to generate two new inputs with prompt templates. Then, we adopt a pre-trained language model (i.e., PLM) as the encoder, utilize the prompt tuning method to fine-tune the encoder, and generate two correlation probabilities as the semantic features. In addition, we extract 26 handcrafted features from the vulnerability descriptions and the code commits. Finally, we utilize the attention mechanism to fuse the

关键词： Semantics

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Research on Trusted Data Acquisition Method of Distribution Internet of Things with on-chain and Off-chain Cooperation 5

Research on Trusted Data Acquisition Method of Distribution ...

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5th International Conference on Clean Energy and Electric Power Engineering, ICCEPE 2024

作者： Yang, Ke Pan, Xiukui Sun, Shuang Wang, Weiyu Zhai, Yuxi Guo, Qinglei State Grid Digital Technology Holdings Co. LTD. No. 42 DongXinanli Beijing100053 China State Grid Blockchain Application Technology Laboratory No. 42 Dongxinanli Beijing100053 China Co. LTD. No. 42 Dongxinanli Beijing100053 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350390315

With the proposal of carbon peak, carbon neutrality, and accelerating the construction of a new power system, new challenges are posed to the distribution of the Internet of Things (DIoT). However, the current DIoT perception still faces problems such as terminal and user counterfeiting, unclear data ownership, data tampering attacks, and incomplete data sharing mechanisms. Based on this, this paper proposes a trusted data acquisition system for power distribution of the Internet of Things with on-chain and off-chain cooperation. Firstly, a data acquisition architecture based on blockchain is constructed from the aspects of terminal authentication, trusted collection, and trusted storage. Secondly, a trusted authentication method for DIoT man-machine coordination and a source data authenticity verification method for blockchain storage are proposed to provide a solid guarantee for the reliability of source data. Finally, a verifiable on-chain and off-chain collaborative storage mechanism for DIoT data is constructed to achieve efficient retrieval and authenticity verification of query results. The system provides higher reliability and sharing ability for DIoT data management and has important reference value for improving the level of power data governance. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Access authentication Data acquisition Distribution Internet of Things On-chain and off-chain collaboration Verifiable query

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Credible calculation method for regional corrected carbon emission factors taking into account the nearby consumption of renewable energy 3

Credible calculation method for regional corrected carbon em...

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2024 3rd International Symposium on New Energy technology Innovation and Low Carbon Development, NET-LC 2024

作者： Guo, Qinglei Pan, Xiukui Zhou, Weiqing Li, Peng Li, Qi State Grid Digital Technology Holdings Co. Ltd. Beijing100053 China Blockchain Application Technology Laboratory of State Grid Corporation of China Beijing100053 China Co. Ltd. Beijing100053 China State Grid Jibei Electric Power Research Institute Co. Ltd. Beijing100032 China

The carbon emission factor of the power grid is a key data indicator for measuring the carbon emission level on the user side. Currently, the carbon emission factor of the power grid is not sufficient to accurately express the regional carbon emission level, and especially cannot accurately reflect the regional new energy consumption level, which affects user confidence in emission reduction and the accuracy of carbon emission quota issuance. Therefore, this article utilizes blockchain technology and carbon emission flow theory to realize the impact of user-side self-generated and self-used photovoltaics (PV) on carbon emission factors. We have constructed a residual power grid correction model, designed a blockchain intelligent terminal module and functional requirements, ensured the correctness of the model and results from the source, solved the problem of data tampering and insufficient data credibility generated by terminal devices at the source, and ultimately helped achieve the dual carbon goal. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Carbon capture and utilization

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Research on High throughput Consensus Algorithm of Energy blockchain based on Recurrent Neural Network Node Integrity Prediction 8

Research on High throughput Consensus Algorithm of Energy Bl...

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8th International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing, ICSP 2023

作者： Sun, Tao Li, Da Wang, Dong State Grid Digital Technology Holding Co. Ltd Beijing China State Grid Digital Technology Holding Co. Ltd Blockchain Technology Laboratory of State Grid Corporation of China Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350302455

With the continuous improvement of the digitalization level in the field of energy and electric power, the combination of blockchain technology and business in the field of energy and electric power is getting deeper and deeper. This paper designs a blockchain consensus algorithm combined with artificial intelligence, aiming at the efficiency, security and other problems existing in the existing blockchain consensus algorithm. First, on the basis of ensuring the reliability of the blockchain system, combined with the integrity performance of the consensus node of the blockchain, combined with the recurrent neural network(RNN) to predict the credibility value of the node, screened out the reliable consensus node to participate in the consensus of the energy blockchain, and punished the malicious node. This algorithm can effectively enhance the consensus efficiency of the energy blockchain and improve the level of data privacy protection. We will further support the construction of new power systems. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： blockchain

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Research on carbon accounting and verification technology for power generation industry based on blockchain 6

Research on carbon accounting and verification technology fo...

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6th International Conference on Energy, Power and grid, ICEPG 2024

作者： Wen, Tingting Du, Zhe Guo, Qinglei Pan, Xiukui Co. Ltd Beijing100053 China Blockchain Technology Laboratory State Grid Corporation of China Beijing China State Grid Digital Technology Holding Co. Ltd Beijing100053 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350377798

The carbon emissions of China's power generation industry account for more than 40% of the total, making it the first industry to be included in the national carbon market, and requiring carbon accounting and verification. However, the carbon accounting data has multiple links, diverse sources, and insufficient collection, which faces some problems such as poor reliability and transparency, weak trust transfer among subjects, and lack of data verification technology. blockchain has the characteristics of decentralization, immutability, and transparency, which can provide technical support for credible carbon accounting and verification in the power generation industry. The paper first analyzes the current situation of carbon accounting and verification in the power generation industry and clarifies the technical integration point with blockchain. Then, it proposes a blockchain-based technology route and scheme. Finally, it designs a blockchain-based carbon accounting and verification system architecture and functional modules, proposes key technologies, and conducts experimental verification. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： blockchain carbon accounting and verification power generation industry

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Research on a layered security protection system for data sharing in the data middle platform

Research on a layered security protection system for data sh...

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2023 International Conference on Computer application and Information Security, ICCAIS 2023

作者： Yang, Ke Xu, Ruoran Su, Zhan Zhou, Xiaoming Qi, Jun Zhang, Wenjie State Grid Digital Technology Holdings Co. Ltd. Beijing100053 China Co. Ltd. Beijing100053 China State Grid Blockchain Application Technology Laboratory Beijing100053 China Information and Communication Branch of State Grid Liaoning Electric Power Co. Ltd. Liaoning Shenyang110055 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510675032

In the construction of new power systems, data as a production factor plays an increasingly important role. In order to improve the efficiency of data utilization, power grid enterprises have established a data management and application system based on data middle platform. However, the current data middle platform still faces security problems such as unclear data ownership, lack of traceability mechanism for data sharing, and inaccurate data access control. Based on this, a layered security protection system for data sharing is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the security protection architecture of data middle platform is constructed from data asset layer, analysis layer and application layer. Secondly, we propose a blockchain-based data rights confirmation method and a model-data mapping-based data call trusted record method to provide data rights protection basis for data owners. Finally, a user anomaly recognition model based on data interaction behavior is constructed to identify the user's abnormal behavior in real-time, and the attack process is blocked by dynamic permission adjustment. The protection system has higher flexibility and accuracy in the extended protection of data sharing, which has important reference value for improving the security protection level of data middle platform. © 2024 SPIE.

关键词： Information management

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