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Minimizing CNOT-count in quantum circuit of the extended Shor’s algorithm for ECDLP

Cybersecurity 2025年第1期8卷 153-179页

作者： Xia Liu Huan Yang Li Yang State Key Laboratory of Information Security Institute of Information EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina School of Cyber Security University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Beijing Youzhuju Network Technology Co. Ltd.BeijingChina

The elliptic curve discrete logarithm problem(ECDLP)is a popular choice for cryptosystems due to its high level of ***,with the advent of the extended Shor’s algorithm,there is concern that ECDLP may soon be *** the algorithm does ofer hope in solving ECDLP,it is still uncertain whether it can pose a real threat in *** the perspective of the quantum circuits of the algorithm,this paper analyzes the feasibility of cracking ECDLP using an ion trap quantum computer with improved quantum circuits for the extended Shor’s *** give precise quantum circuits for extended Shor’s algorithm to calculate discrete logarithms on elliptic curves over prime felds,including modular subtraction,three diferent modular multiplication,and modular ***,we incorporate and improve upon windowed arithmetic in the circuits to reduce the *** previous studies mostly focused on minimizing the number of qubits or the depth of the circuit,we focus on minimizing the number of CNOT gates in the circuit,which greatly afects the running time of the algorithm on an ion trap quantum ***,we begin by presenting implementations of basic arithmetic operations with the lowest known CNOT-counts,along with improved constructions for modular inverse,point addition,and windowed ***,we precisely estimate that,to execute the extended Shor’s algorithm with the improved circuits to factor an n-bit integer,the CNOT-count required is1237n^(3)/log n+2n^(2)+***,we analyze the running time and feasibility of the extended Shor’s algorithm on an ion trap quantum computer.

关键词： Elliptic curve discrete logarithm problem Extended Shor’s algorithm Quantum circuits Ion trap quantum computer

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Blockchain and signcryption enabled asynchronous federated learning framework in fog computing

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Digital Communications and networks 2025年第2期11卷 442-454页

作者： Zhou, Zhou Tian, Youliang Xiong, Jinbo Peng, Changgen Li, Jing Yang, Nan State Key Laboratory of Public Big Data College of Computer Science and Technology Guizhou University Guiyang550025 China Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Security and Cryptology College of Computer and Cyber Security Fujian Normal University Fuzhou350117 China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Cryptography and Information Security Guilin University of Electronic Technology Guilin541004 China

Federated learning combines with fog computing to transform data sharing into model sharing, which solves the issues of data isolation and privacy disclosure in fog computing. However, existing studies focus on centralized single-layer aggregation federated learning architecture, which lack the consideration of cross-domain and asynchronous robustness of federated learning, and rarely integrate verification mechanisms from the perspective of incentives. To address the above challenges, we propose a Blockchain and Signcryption enabled Asynchronous Federated Learning (BSAFL) framework based on dual aggregation for cross-domain scenarios. In particular, we first design two types of signcryption schemes to secure the interaction and access control of collaborative learning between domains. Second, we construct a differential privacy approach that adaptively adjusts privacy budgets to ensure data privacy and local models' availability of intra-domain user. Furthermore, we propose an asynchronous aggregation solution that incorporates consensus verification and elastic participation using blockchain. Finally, security analysis demonstrates the security and privacy effectiveness of BSAFL, and the evaluation on real datasets further validates the high model accuracy and performance of BSAFL. © 2024 Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications

关键词： Federated learning

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Disentangled Noisy Correspondence Learning

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IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 2025年 34卷 2602-2615页

作者： Dang, Zhuohang Luo, Minnan Wang, Jihong Jia, Chengyou Han, Haochen Wan, Herun Dai, Guang Chang, Xiaojun Wang, Jingdong Xi’an Jiaotong University School of Computer Science and Technology Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Intelligent Networks and Network Security Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Big Data Knowledge Engineering Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China SGIT AI Laboratory Xi’an710048 China State Grid Corporation of China State Grid Shaanxi Electric Power Company Ltd. Xi’an710048 China University of Science and Technology of China School of Information Science and Technology Hefei230026 China Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Baidu Inc. Beijing100085 China

Cross-modal retrieval is crucial in understanding latent correspondences across modalities. However, existing methods implicitly assume well-matched training data, which is impractical as real-world data inevitably involves imperfect alignments, i.e., noisy correspondences. Although some works explore similarity-based strategies to address such noise, they suffer from sub-optimal similarity predictions influenced by modality-exclusive information (MEI), e.g., background noise in images and abstract definitions in texts. This issue arises as MEI is not shared across modalities, thus aligning it in training can markedly mislead similarity predictions. Moreover, although intuitive, directly applying previous cross-modal disentanglement methods suffers from limited noise tolerance and disentanglement efficacy. Inspired by the robustness of information bottlenecks against noise, we introduce DisNCL, a novel information-theoretic framework for feature Disentanglement in Noisy Correspondence Learning, to adaptively balance the extraction of modality-invariant information (MII) and MEI with certifiable optimal cross-modal disentanglement efficacy. DisNCL then enhances similarity predictions in modality-invariant subspace, thereby greatly boosting similarity-based alleviation strategy for noisy correspondences. Furthermore, DisNCL introduces soft matching targets to model noisy many-to-many relationships inherent in multi-modal inputs for noise-robust and accurate cross-modal alignment. Extensive experiments confirm DisNCL’s efficacy by 2% average recall improvement. Mutual information estimation and visualization results show that DisNCL learns meaningful MII/MEI subspaces, validating our theoretical analyses. © 1992-2012 IEEE.

关键词： information theory

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network Intrusion Detection for Modern Smart grids Based on Adaptive Online Incremental Learning

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IEEE Transactions on Smart grid 2025年第3期16卷 2541-2553页

作者： Lu, Qiuyu An, Kexin Li, Jun'e Wang, Jin Wuhan University Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Security and Trusted Computing Ministry of Education School of Cyber Science and Engineering Wuhan430072 China State Grid Hubei Electric Power Research Institute Energy Internet Research Center Wuhan430072 China

New and evolving cyber attacks against smart grids are emerging. This necessitates that the network intrusion detection systems (IDSs) have online learning ability. However, most existing methods struggle to handle new and evolving attacks while retaining old attack knowledge, and many of them employ deep models requiring long update periods. Therefore, we propose an IDS based on adaptive online incremental learning (AdaOIL-IDS). 1) A class-correlated broad learning system (CC-BLS) is proposed for intrusion detection. A weighted CC-factor derived from intra- and inter-class correlations is introduced in CC-BLS to improve classification accuracy. CC incremental learnings are designed to quickly add new inputs and additional nodes without retraining. The CC-factor for new inputs is adjusted based on correlations of new and old classes, which enables simultaneous adaptation to new attacks and new observations of old attacks while retaining more old knowledge. 2) An adaptive learning framework is proposed for online offline combined learning of models. Online learning and offline retraining are adaptive switched based on the real-time loss to achieve efficient lifelong learning. Experiment results show that CC-BLS has better performance than selected state-of-the-art incremental broad and deep models, and the proposed adaptive learning framework behaviors better effectiveness and efficiency than selected existing frameworks. © 2010-2012 IEEE.

关键词： network intrusion

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Electronic band structures of topological kagome materials

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Chinese Physics B 2025年第1期34卷 29-44页

作者： Man Li Huan Ma Rui Lou Shancai Wang School of Information Network Security People’s Public Security University of ChinaBeijing 100038China Department of Physics Key Laboratory of Quantum State Construction and Manipulation(Ministry of Education)and Beijing Key Laboratory of Opto-electronic Functional Materials&Micronano DevicesRenmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research IFW Dresden01069 DresdenGermany Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin fur Materialien und Energie Albert-Einstein-Strabe 1512489 BerlinGermany Joint Laboratory“Functional Quantum Materials”at BESSY II 12489 BerlinGermany

The kagome lattice has garnered significant attention due to its ability to host quantum spin Fermi liquid ***,the combination of unique lattice geometry,electron–electron correlations,and adjustable magnetism in solid kagome materials has led to the discovery of numerous fascinating quantum *** include unconventional superconductivity,charge and spin density waves(CDW/SDW),pair density waves(PDW),and Chern insulator *** emergent states are closely associated with the distinctive characteristics of the kagome lattice's electronic structure,such as van Hove singularities,Dirac fermions,and flat bands,which can exhibit exotic quasi-particle excitations under different symmetries and magnetic ***,various quantum kagome materials have been developed,typically consisting of kagome layers stacked along the z-axis with atoms either filling the geometric centers of the kagome lattice or embedded between the *** this topical review,we begin by introducing the fundamental properties of several kagome *** gain an in-depth understanding of the relationship between topology and correlation,we then discuss the complex phenomena observed in these *** include the simplest kagome metal T_(3)X,kagome intercalation metal T X,and the ternary compounds AT_(6)X_(6)and RT_(3)X_(5)(A=Li,Mg,Ca,or rare earth;T=V,Cr,Mn,Fe,Co,Ni;X=Sn,Ge;R=K,Rb,Cs).Finally,we provide a perspective on future experimental work in this field.

关键词： kagome lattice quasi-particle excitation electronic correlation magnetism

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MMH-FE:AMulti-Precision and Multi-Sourced Heterogeneous Privacy-Preserving Neural network Training Based on Functional Encryption

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第3期82卷 5387-5405页

作者： Hao Li Kuan Shao Xin Wang Mufeng Wang Zhenyong Zhang The State Key Laboratory of Public Big Data College of Computer Science and TechnologyGuizhou UniversityGuiyang550025China Key Laboratory of Computing Power Network and Information Security Ministry of EducationShandong Computer Science CenterQilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences)Jinan250014China China Industrial Control Systems Cyber Emergency Response Team Beijing100040China

Due to the development of cloud computing and machine learning,users can upload their data to the cloud for machine learning model ***,dishonest clouds may infer user data,resulting in user data *** schemes have achieved secure outsourced computing,but they suffer from low computational accuracy,difficult-to-handle heterogeneous distribution of data from multiple sources,and high computational cost,which result in extremely poor user experience and expensive cloud computing *** address the above problems,we propose amulti-precision,multi-sourced,andmulti-key outsourcing neural network training ***,we design a multi-precision functional encryption computation based on Euclidean ***,we design the outsourcing model training algorithm based on a multi-precision functional encryption with multi-sourced ***,we conduct experiments on three *** results indicate that our framework achieves an accuracy improvement of 6%to 30%.Additionally,it offers a memory space optimization of 1.0×2^(24) times compared to the previous best approach.

关键词： Functional encryption multi-sourced heterogeneous data privacy preservation neural networks

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Task Offloading in Internet of Vehicles: A DRL-based Approach with Representation Learning for DAG Scheduling

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IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing 2025年第6期24卷 5045-5060页

作者： Deng, Xiaoheng Yang, Haoyu Zhang, Jingjing Gui, Jinsong Lin, Siyu Wang, Xin Min, Geyong Central South University School of Electronic Information Changsha410075 China Central South University Shenzhen Research Institute China Beijing Jiaotong University School of Electronic and Information Engineering The State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety Beijing100044 China Key Laboratory of Computing Power Network and Information Security Ministry of Education Shandong Computer Science Center Jinan250014 China University of Exeter Department of Computer Science ExeterEX4 4QF United Kingdom

The rapid evolution of the Internet-of-Vehicles (IoV) has amplified the need for mobile computing resources, driving the shift toward offloading tasks to edge servers or vehicles with idle resources to optimize computational efficiency. To this end, an approach based on Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) is presented in this paper, termed DVTP, which integrates Variational Graph Attention networks (VGAT) and Transformer models to optimize Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) task scheduling in vehicular networks. DVTP effectively captures both the spatiotemporal information and task dependencies, enabling more accurate and efficient task offloading decisions. Extensive simulation experiments demonstrate that DVTP outperforms traditional methods in reducing task completion times across various multi-vehicle and multi-edge server scenarios, showcasing its potential for real-world IoV applications. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Deep reinforcement learning

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All-optical pattern matching systems based on optical RTFT and conjugate multiplication for 260GBaud PSK optical signal

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Optics Express 2025年第8期33卷 18024-18036页

作者： Zhang, Tiantian Gong, Xiaoxue Zhang, Qihan Hou, Weigang Zhang, Xu Guo, Lei School of Communications and Information Engineering Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications Chongqing400065 China Institute of Intelligent Communications and Network Security Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications Chongqing400065 China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing for Optical Systems Changchun Institute of Optics Fine Mechanics and Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Jilin Changchun130033 China

The photonic firewall is a device that detects and localizes risky information at the optical layer to enhance the security of optical networks. The most significant and challenging component of the photonic firewall is the all-optical pattern matching system, which determines its overall performance. In response to the explosion of data volume, it is crucial to develop reconfigurable all-optical pattern matching systems capable of handling signals in arbitrary high-order modulation formats. All-optical pattern matching systems based on optical real-time Fourier transform(RTFT) and conjugate multiplication are proposed for phase-shift keying (PSK) optical signals. Numerical simulations demonstrate that the system is capable of matching 24-bit target sequences within 528-bit source sequences, which are signals in either QPSK or 8PSK modulation formats, at a transmission rate of 260 GBaud. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement.

关键词： network security

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Anomaly Detection in network Access-Using LSTM and Encoder-Enhanced Generative Adversarial networks

Informatica (Slovenia)

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Informatica (Slovenia) 2025年第7期49卷 175-186页

作者： Hu, Jian He, Yingjun Xu, Wenqian Jiang, Yixin Liang, Zhihong Yang, Yiwei Yunnan Power Grid Information Center China Southern Power Grid Kunming650217 China Electric Power Research Institute China Southern Power Grid Guangzhou510663 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Power System Network Security Guangzhou510663 China

Along with the continuous development of information technology, the database has become an important module for enterprises and individuals to apply computers, and some important data are stored in the database, which also leads to the database becoming the target of malicious intruders. The abnormal access behavior detection algorithm for data can quickly identify abnormal access situations, timely intervention and processing to ensure data security. Based on this, this paper proposes an abnormal defense behavior detection algorithm based on generative adversarial network, the new algorithm has the applicability as well as two derivative models of generative adversarial network for network abnormal access detection with high efficiency. In this paper, we experiment the classification accuracy of network anomaly detection algorithm, i.e., F1, by using three models, namely, the original Generative Adversarial network (GAN), Generative Adversarial network using Long and Short-Term Memory network (GAN+LSTM), and Generative Adversarial network with the addition of an encoder (GAN+Encoder), and the result of this paper shows that the GAN+Encoder model is the most effective. And based on these three models of the generator and discriminator loss trends are compared, as well as through the iteration of 50 times of training results show that the GAN + Encoder model is relatively simple, and the training time is shorter and more efficient. © 2025 Slovene Society Informatika. All rights reserved.

关键词： Generative adversarial networks

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Multi-label pathology editing of chest X-rays with a Controlled Diffusion Model

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Medical Image Analysis 2025年 103卷

作者： Chu, Huan Qi, Xiaolong Wang, Huiling Liang, Yi School of Network Security and Information Technology Yili Normal University Yining835000 China State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University Nanjing210023 China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing Research and Application Yining835399 China

Large-scale generative models have garnered significant attention in the field of medical imaging, particularly for image editing utilizing diffusion models. However, current research has predominantly concentrated on pathological editing involving single or a limited number of labels, making it challenging to achieve precise modifications. Inaccurate alterations may lead to substantial discrepancies between the generated and original images, thereby impacting the clinical applicability of these models. This paper presents a diffusion model with untangling capabilities applied to chest X-ray image editing, incorporating a mask-based mechanism for bone and organ information. We successfully perform multi-label pathological editing of chest X-ray images without compromising the integrity of the original thoracic structure. The proposed technology comprises a chest X-ray image classifier and an intricate organ mask;the classifier supplies essential feature labels that require untangling for the stabilized diffusion model, while the complex organ mask facilitates directed and controllable edits to chest X-rays. We assessed the outcomes of our proposed algorithm, named Chest X-rays_Mpe, using MS-SSIM and CLIP scores alongside qualitative evaluations conducted by radiology experts. The results indicate that our approach surpasses existing algorithms across both quantitative and qualitative metrics. © 2025

关键词： Medical imaging

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