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Guardgrid: A Queriable and Privacy-Preserving Aggregation Scheme for Smart grid via Function Encryption

IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年第11期12卷 17622-17633页

作者： Yu, Pengfei Huang, Weicong Zhang, Ran Qian, Xinyuan Li, Hongwei Chen, Hanxiao State Grid Laboratory of Power Cyber-Security Protection and Monitoring Technology China Electric Power Research Institute Nanjing210003 China University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu611731 China

Smart grids have revolutionized electricity management by leveraging real-time consumption data, enabling more efficient power control through advanced algorithms. However, this transformation raises significant privacy and security concerns due to the extensive collection of user data. Current solutions face challenges such as aggregator gateway misbehavior, lack of support for function queries, and the need to balance privacy with efficiency. In this paper, we propose FEHH, a novel scheme that ensures both privacy preservation and verifiable aggregation. It allows multiple aggregators to perform inner-product computations on encrypted data while safeguarding the aggregated results from the aggregator. Additionally, it supports verification of aggregated data's correctness using Linear Homomorphic Hash. Building on FEHH, we introduce Guardgrid, a privacy-preserving aggregation scheme for smart grids that inherits FEHH's core features and adds support for essential arithmetic operations necessary for function queries. This allows cloud servers to respond to queries from either the control center or users without compromising data confidentiality. Experimental results show that the encryption overhead of Guardgrid is only 7% of that of the PPDA scheme, and its communication overhead is 123× less. These results demonstrate that Guardgrid significantly reduces computation and communication costs, providing a more sustainable and cost-effective smart grid solution. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Differential privacy

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Construction and application of high-order tensor network models for large-scale electric power grids

Construction and application of high-order tensor network mo...

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2024 International Conference on Physics, Photonics, and Optical Engineering, ICPPOE 2024

作者： Qiao, Junfeng Xu, Min Zhou, Aihua Peng, Lin Pan, Sen Yang, Pei State Grid Laboratory of Power cyber-Security Protection & Monitoring Technology State Grid Smart Grid Research Institute Co.LTD Jiangsu Nanjing210003 China

ISBN: (数字)9781510689121

ISBN: (纸本)9781510689114

With the continuous construction and promotion of ultra-high level voltage lines, the geographical scope of China's power grid is constantly expanding. At the same time, the complexity of the topology structure of the power grid, the types and quantities of electrical equipment, and the operational status of the power grid are constantly expanding and becoming more complex. However, the current data description of the operational evolution trend of large-scale power grids still remains at the stage of separately describing from the perspective of multiple application systems. In response to this issue, the article proposes a method for constructing a high-order tensor network model for large-scale power grid analysis applications. Due to the large number of equipment components in the power grid and their extremely high frequency of change, the use of intuitive description methods cannot meet the fast and real-time expression requirements of the power grid operation situation. Using the equivalence method to replace various entities in the power grid, and using numerical methods to replace a large number of components such as lines and switches in the power grid. Based on this, the vector form of power system operation data is transformed into a three-dimensional tensor form, thereby retaining the spatial distance of power system nodes and reflecting the spatial correlation of power system operation data. At the same time, it can be used as input for typical power analysis calculation models for power system analysis. © 2025 SPIE.

关键词： Photons

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A New Way of (Decentralized) Identity Authentication and Continuous Authentication Following X3DH Framework

A New Way of (Decentralized) Identity Authentication and Con...

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2024 International Conference Optoelectronic Information and Optical Engineering, OIOE 2024

作者： Zhao, Yufei Wang, Xinzhe Zhang, Daojuan Wu, Tianqi Gao, Lifang Chen, Ling State Grid Laboratory of Power Cyber-Security Protection and Monitoring Technology China Electric Power Research Institute Co. Ltd. Beijing China State Grid Hebei Information and Telecommunication Branch Hebei China School of Cyber Science and Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu China

ISBN: (数字)9781510688209

ISBN: (纸本)9781510688193

Authentication and key establishment are fundamental goals of modern cryptography. There are plenty of works that focus on secure and efficient design of them. Among them, the Diffie-Hellman key agreement protocol is the most widely used ones. They daily used Transport Lay security (TLS) protocol that are the basis of HTTPS is what protect us when we are surfing. However, as we all known, the protocol is not secure against man in the middle attack, so various kinds of authentication methods are proposed. With the development of technique for digital identity, we found the new needs to integrate authentication in the Diffie-Hellman kind of key agreement protocol. In this paper, we revisit the classical problem of authentication and key establishment. Inspired by the Signal protocol, we propose a new scheme of authentication with identity, we also note that although the decentralized identity is another kind of identity infrastructure, by the use of credential that is constructed with identity attributes, our scheme supports both centralized and decentralized identity system. With the development of Internet of Things (IoT), secure and efficient authentication and key establishment for sensors with limited computation power is also an urgent need. To this end, we realize a new authentication way and integrate it to X3DH protocol, which is the key component of Signal protocol. Besides, we consider the function of continual authentication that is very necessary in long-term secure communication. Last but not the least, we also give detailed analysis on security and computation, which shows the security and efficiency of our scheme. © 2025 SPIE.

关键词： Information security Internet of things Receivers Data communications Network security power grids Sensors Symmetric key encryption Telecommunications Transportation security

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Enhancing Cross-Domain Access Efficiency in Zero-Trust Scenarios Oriented to the Access Process

Enhancing Cross-Domain Access Efficiency in Zero-Trust Scena...

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2025 International Conference on Electrical Automation and Artificial Intelligence, ICEAAI 2025

作者： Li, Xian Zhang, Shijun Zeng, Jing Li, Shuo Yang, Ruxia State Grid Jibei Information & Telecommunication Company State Grid Beijing China State Grid Laboratory of Power cyber Security Protection and Monitoring Technology China Electric Power Research Institute Nanjing China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331506797

During cross-domain access, both communication ends need zero-trust evaluation by the trust assessment node and policy matching for permission. Nodes handling these may face concurrent computing and policy search tasks that need to be performed. We propose a new method to enhance security and efficiency. By introducing a trust hash value from access-end features and optimizing the policy tree, along with a better trust calc method, experiments show improved cross-domain access efficiency and accuracy, offering a new view for power grid services. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Cross-Domain New power system Trust assessment Zero trust

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Research on Updating and Correcting 3D Data Model for power grid Infrastructure Transfer Inspection and Handover 3rd

Research on Updating and Correcting 3D Data Model for Power ...

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3rd World Conference on Intelligent and 3D Technologies, WCI3DT 2024

作者： Wang, Gang Yu, Hai Wang, Fei Fan, Zikai Dai, Jiao Wang, He State Grid Smart Grid Research Institute CO. LTD Nanjing210003 China State Grid Laboratory of Power Cyber-Security Protection and Monitoring Technology Nanjing210003 China State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co. Ltd. Economic and Technological Research Institute Nanjing210009 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819791279

In response to the deviation between the 3D design model and the actual situation, this article studies the difference and color texture correction techniques between point clouds and design models, as well as the updating and correction methods of 3D design models based on point cloud models. Obtain the point cloud model corresponding to the design 3D model based on the topological relationship of the 3D design model, and use steps such as initial registration, accurate registration, and color labeling to match the overlapping parts of the two model point clouds through geometric registration. Record the points in the non-overlapping areas as difference points, and display the geometric surface where the difference points are located as difference points. This paper studies the parameterized correction of equipment model points under the constraint of point clouds, and studies the method of correcting the position, posture, and size of power tower models under the constraint of completion acceptance or scanning point clouds by transportation and inspection departments. The proposed improved ICP algorithm based on three-dimensional topological relationships overcomes the disadvantage of the original algorithm requiring initial registration values in advance, and is suitable for point cloud scenes that have already been classified, with good practical value. Parametric characterization is performed on all iron towers on the entire transmission line to obtain information about the type, tower type, insulator, point location, and elevation of each tower. Aiming at the problem that it is difficult to update and correct the overall 3D model at one time, the overall design model is stored and organized as a unit of equipment, and the tower correction method is iteratively updated. Finally, all line tower correction results are obtained, achieving the revision of the engineering level 3D model layout structure. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Si

关键词： Inspection equipment

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A Multi-source Log Hidden Anomaly Detection Method Integrating Trans-Encoder and LSTM

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IEEE Access 2025年

作者： Luo, Chen Jiang, Hongcheng Zhou, Peng Wang, Xinzhe Shao, Zhipeng Sun, Wangshu State Grid Laboratory of Power Cyber-Security Protection and Monitoring Technology China Electric Power Research Institute Jiangsu Nanjing210003 China State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power CO. Ltd Zhejiang Hangzhou310007 China

Identifying hidden anomalous behavior is a major challenge in anomaly detection, particularly in complex systems where anomalies are buried within massive log data and cannot be easily identified through simple patterns or rules. To address this issue, we propose a novel approach that integrates a Transformer encoder module with Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) to detect covert anomalies in logs using only normal class datasets for training. First, we enhance feature extraction from multi-source log data by improving the Transformer encoder structure with an added masking mechanism. Then, we apply LSTM for time-series modeling to capture temporal correlations between extracted features, improving the model’s ability to analyze sequential dependencies. Finally, we evaluate the semantic and temporal consistency of operations to refine anomaly detection. Experimental results demonstrate that our approach effectively detects hidden anomalies, achieving improvements of 2.3% in precision, 4.9% in recall, and 3.4% in F1 score. Moreover, it maintains stable performance with just 10% of the training data and improves computational efficiency in the test phase by 16.98% compared to DeepLog, highlighting its potential for practical application in anomaly detection. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Unsupervised learning

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Enhancing Cross-Domain Access Efficiency in Zero-Trust Scenarios Oriented to the Access Process

Enhancing Cross-Domain Access Efficiency in Zero-Trust Scena...

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Electrical Automation and Artificial Intelligence (ICEAAI), International Conference on

作者： Xian Li Shijun Zhang Jing Zeng Shuo Li Ruxia Yang State Grid Jibei Information & Telecommunication Company State Grid Beijing China State Grid Laboratory of Power cyber-Security Protection and Monitoring Technology China Electric Power Research Institute Nanjing China

ISBN: (数字)9798331506797

ISBN: (纸本)9798331506803

关键词： Concurrent computing Accuracy Automation power system dynamics Decision making Process control Authentication power grids Zero Trust Faces

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Research and Application of Constructing a Comprehensive Dynamic Topology for Distribution Networks Based on a Real-Time Measurement Center 24

Research and Application of Constructing a Comprehensive Dyn...

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Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Information Technologies and Electrical Engineering

作者： Pei Yang Min Xu Gang Wang State Grid Laboratory of Power cyber-Security Protection and Monitoring Technology Nanjing Jiangsu China State Grid Smart Grid Research Institute CO. LTD Nanjing Jiangsu China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400707087

With the rapid development of massive distributed energy resources integration and load demand-side response in the power grid, distribution network power flows have become bidirectional, and the grid topology has exhibited characteristics of complexity, high-dimensionality, and multi-state. This has created an urgent need for comprehensive dynamic topology service capabilities, bringing new challenges in areas such as topology data mapping, topology state synchronization, and full-domain topology computation. In response to these needs, this paper investigates the technology for constructing and maintaining power grid topology and proposes a method for constructing a comprehensive dynamic topology for distribution networks based on a real-time measurement center. By integrating measurement data with distribution network topology information, a fine-grained foundational topology model is constructed, which is then dynamically adjusted based on real-time switch state information to form a comprehensive dynamic topology. This approach effectively supports the business analysis needs of multiple dimensions and multiple time states, aiming to enhance the grid's response speed and processing performance.

关键词： Comprehensive Dynamic Topology

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Multi Domain Ontology Model Fusion and Interoperability Method of Digital Twin in Distribution Network 24

Multi Domain Ontology Model Fusion and Interoperability Meth...

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Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Information Technologies and Electrical Engineering

作者： Gang Wang He Wang Min Xu Aihua Zhou Hai Yu Zhonghao Qian State Grid Smart Grid Research Institute CO. LTD Nanjing Jiangsu China State Grid Laboratory of Power cyber-Security Protection and Monitoring Technology Nanjing Jiangsu China State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co. Ltd. Nantong Power Supply Branch Nantong Jiangsu China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400707087

The digital twin of distribution network covers models including topology, geography, space, production, operation, control, measurement, marketing, electric field, etc. There is no unified rule framework for multi domain ontology modeling methods, and there is an urgent need for model fusion and comprehensive utilization. This article focuses on the cross domain joint modeling problem of distribution network ontology, conducts research on the fusion method of multi domain ontology models of distribution network digital twins, proposes a multi type model resource fusion and comprehensive utilization method with equipment and facilities as the core, integrates business models and power grid models, studies multi domain ontology model fusion interoperability technology for digital twins, and realizes the comprehensive utilization of distribution network digital twin model resources.

关键词： Digital twin

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Research on Accurate Mapping technology of Multimodal Data and Distribution Network Topology 24

Research on Accurate Mapping Technology of Multimodal Data a...

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Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Information Technologies and Electrical Engineering

作者： Gang Wang Meizhao Liu Kai Liu He Wang Pei Yang Lin Peng Hai Yu State Grid Smart Grid Research Institute CO. LTD Nanjing Jiangsu China State Grid Laboratory of Power cyber-Security Protection and Monitoring Technology Nanjing Jiangsu China State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co. Ltd. Information and Communication Branch Nanjing Jiangsu China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400707087

The distribution network topology describes the complete architecture of the distribution network from the perspective of the connection relationship between distribution network equipment and facilities, as well as business logic. However, the basic data of multimodal distribution networks mostly describes the concrete entities of the distribution network. Only by effectively associating the two can an accurate panoramic topology of the distribution network be constructed. In response to this issue, this article studies the precise mapping method between multimodal data and distribution network topology. Research is device oriented, utilizing methods such as business identification and expert knowledge correction to establish an accurate mapping network between multimodal data and distribution network topology nodes and edges, achieving precise mapping between multimodal data and distribution network topology. This article is based on graph database technology to study the dynamic tracing method of multi temporal topology in distribution networks, achieving dynamic tracing and switching between multi temporal topology versions in distribution networks, and meeting the multi temporal topology version control requirements of multiple business processes. Compared with traditional relational data models, the distribution network panoramic dynamic topology data model is more in line with the physical form of the distribution network, with low complexity and strong scalability. It can quickly query multi temporal topology dynamics, effectively save topology storage space, and improve the efficiency of topology storage and query.

关键词： Distribution network

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