检索结果-内蒙古大学图书馆

Arrayed Cobalt Phosphide Electrocatalyst Achieves Low Energy Consumption and Persistent H2 Liberation from Anodic Chemical Conversion

引用

Nano-Micro Letters 2020年第11期12卷 154-167页

作者： Kai Zhang Gong Zhang Qinghua Ji Jiuhui Qu Huijuan Liu State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco‑Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085People’s Republic of China Center for Water and Ecology State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution ControlSchool of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology Research Center for Eco‑Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085People’s Republic of China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049People’s Republic of China

Electrochemical reduction of water to hydrogen(H2) offers a promising strategy for production of clean energy,but the design and optimization of electrochemical apparatus present challenges in terms of H2 recovery and energy *** cobalt phosphide nanoarrays(Co2 P/CoP NAs) as a charge mediator,we effectively separated the H2 and O2 evolution of alkaline water electrolysis in time,thereby achieving a membrane-free pathway for H2 *** hierarchical array structure and synergistic optimization of the electronic configuration of metallic Co2 P and metalloid CoP make the Co2 P/CoP NAs high-efficiency bifunctional electrocatalysts for both charge storage and hydrogen *** investigations revealed that the introduction of Co2 P into CoP leads to a moderate hydrogen adsorption free energy and low water dissociation barrier,which are beneficial for boosting HER ***,Co2 P/CoP NAs with high capacitance could maintain a cathodic H2 evolution time of 1500 s at 10 mA cm^(-2) driven by a low average voltage of 1.38 ***,the energy stored in the mediator could be exhausted via coupling with the anodic oxidation of ammonia,whereby only 0.21 V was required to hold the current for 1188 *** membrane-free architecture demonstrates the potential for developing hydrogen purification technology at low cost.

关键词： Electrocatalysis Cobalt phosphide Hydrogen purification Ammonia oxidation reaction Membrane-free architecture

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Network analysis of eight industrial symbiosis systems

引用

Frontiers of Earth Science 2016年第2期10卷 352-365页

作者： Yan ZHANG Hongmei ZHENG Han SHI Xiangyi YU Gengyuan LIU Meirong SU Yating LI Yingying CHAI State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China Department of Public Policy City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Solid Waste and Chemical Management Center of MEP Beijing 100029 China Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing 100012 China

Industrial symbiosis is the quintessential characteristic of an eco-industrial park. To divide parks into different types, previous studies mostly focused on qualitative judgments, and failed to use metrics to conduct quantitative research on the intemal structural or functional characteristics of a park. To analyze a park＇s structural attributes, a range of metrics from network analysis have been applied, but few researchers have compared two or more symbioses using multiple metrics. In this study, we used two metrics （density and network degree centraliza- tion） to compare the degrees of completeness and dependence of eight diverse but representative industrial symbiosis networks. Through the combination of the two metrics, we divided the networks into three types： weak completeness, and two forms of strong completeness, namely ＂anchor tenant＂ mutualism and ＂equality-oriented＂ mutualism. The results showed that the networks with a weak degree of completeness were sparse and had few connections among nodes; for ＂anchor tenant＂ mutualism, the degree of completeness was relatively high, but the affiliated members were too dependent on core members; and the members in ＂equality-oriented＂ mutualism had equal roles, with diverse and flexible symbiotic paths. These results revealed some of the systems＇ internal structure and how different structures influenced the exchanges of materials, energy, and knowledge among members of a system, thereby providing insights into threats that may destabilize the network. Based on this analysis, we provide examples of the advantages and effectiveness of recent improvement projects in a typical Chinese eco-industrial park （Shandong Lubei）.

关键词： industrial ecology network analysis density,network degree centralization eco-industrial park

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Effects of pH on photochemical decomposition of perfluorooctanoic acid in different atmospheres by 185 nm vacuum ultraviolet

引用

Journal of environmental Sciences 2014年第11期26卷 2207-2214页

作者： Yuan Wang Pengyi Zhang State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guizhou University

Perfluorooctanoic acid （PFOA）, a persistent organic pollutant, receives increasing concerns due to its worldwide occurrence and resistance to most conventional treatment processes. The photochemical decomposition by 185 nm vacuum ultraviolet （VUV） is one of the efficient methods for PFOA decomposition. The effects of pH on PFOA decomposition in nitrogen atmosphere or oxygen atmosphere were investigated. At its original pH （4.5） of PFOA aqueous solution, PFOA decomposed efficiently both in nitrogen and in oxygen atmosphere. However, when the pH increased to 12.0, PFOA decomposition was greatly inhibited in oxygen atmosphere, while it was greatly accelerated in nitrogen atmosphere with a very short half-life time （9 rain）. Furthermore, fluorine atoms originally contained in PFOA molecules were almost completely transformed into fluoride ions. Two decomposi- tion pathways have been proposed to explain the PFOA decomposition under different conditions. In acidic and neutral solutions, PFOA predominantly decomposes via the direct photolysis in both atmospheres; while in the alkaline solution and in the absence of oxygen, the decomposition of PFOA is mainly induced by hydrated electrons.

关键词： Perfluorocarboxylic acids （PFCAs）185 nm vacuum ultraviolet Persistent organic pollutants Photochemical Perfluorinated compounds

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Trends of chemical speciation profiles of anthropogenic volatile organic compounds emissions in China, 2005-2020

引用

Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2014年第1期8卷 27-41页

作者： Wei WEI Shuxiao WANG Jiming HAO Shuiyuan CHENG Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Beijing University of Technology Beijing 100124 China School of Environment State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (SKLESPC) Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

This study estimates the detailed chemical profiles of China＇s anthropogenic volatile organic com- pounds （VOCs） emissions for the period of 2005-2020. The chemical profiles of VOCs for seven activity sectors are calculated, based on which the Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential （POCP） of VOCs for these sectors is evaluated. At the national level, the VOCs species emitted in 2005 include alkanes, alkenes and alkynes, aromatic compounds, alcohols, ketones, aldehydes, esters, ethers and halocarbons, accounting for 26.4wt.%, 29.2wt.%, 21.3 wt.%, 4.7 wt.%, 5.4 wt.%, 1.7 wt.%, 2.1 wt.%, 0.7 wt. % and 2.2wt.% of total emissions, respectively. And during 2005-2020, their mass proportions would respec- tively grow or decrease by - 34.7%, -48.6%, 108.5%, 6.9%, -32.7%, 7.3%, 65.3%, 100.5%, and 55.4%. This change would bring about a 13% reduction of POCP for national VOCs emissions in the future. Thus, although the national VOCs emissions are expected to increase by 33% over the whole period, its ozone formation potential is estimated to rise only by 14%. Large discrepancies are found in VOCs speciation emissions among provinces. Compared to western provinces, the eastern provinces with a more developed economy would emit unsaturated hydrocarbons and benzene with lower mix ratios, and aromatic compounds except benzene, oxidized hydrocar- bons and halocarbons with higher mix ratios. Such differences lead to lower POCP of VOCs emitted in eastern provinces, and higher POCP of VOCs emitted in western provinces. However, due to the large VOCs emissions from Chinese eastern region, the ozone forma- tion potential of VOCs emission in eastern provinces would be much higher than those in western provinces by about 156%-235%.

关键词： volatile organic compounds （VOCs） chemi-cal speciation ozone formation Photochemical OzoneCreation Potential （POCP） China

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Neighborhood form and CO2 emission： evidence from 23 neighborhoods in Jinan, China

引用

Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2014年第1期8卷 79-88页

作者： Jiaxing GUO Huan LIU Yang JIANG Dongquan HE Qidong WANG Fei MENG Kebin HE State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China The Energy Foundation Beijing 100004 China School of Architecture Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

To understand the household C02 emission level in China, as well as how much the neighborhoods＇ socio-economic or design factors could influence the CO2 emission, 23 neighborhoods in Jinan were investigated in 2009 and 2010. These neighborhoods fall into four different types： superblock, enclave, grid and traditional. The household CO2 emission includes sources of both in- home energy use and passenger transportation. The average CO2 emission per household is 7.66 t.a^-1, including 6.87 t in-home operational emission and 792 kg transportation emission. The household CO2 emission by neighborhood categories is 10.97, 5.65, 6.49, 5.40 t-household-1. a-1 for superblock, enclave, grid and tradi- tional respectively. Superblock has the highest average emission and also the highest percent （more than 25%） of transportation emission among four different types of neighborhoods. The residential CO2 emission of superb- lock neighborhoods in Jinan has already reached the level in developed countries nearly ten years ago. It is predictable that more superblock neighborhoods would be built in China with the fast urbanization. How to avoid the rapid household CO2 emission growth in the future would be a systematic issue. The study also found that in addition to income and apartment area, household density, land use mix and accessibility to public transportation are three primary factors which have significant impacts on CO2 emission. High density, mixed land use and convenient accessibility to public transportation tend to reduce household CO2 emission.

关键词： C02 emission neighborhood type transporta-tion household energy China

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Charge and separation characteristics of nanofiltration membrane embracing dissociated functional groups

引用

Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2014年第5期8卷 650-658页

作者： Zhun MA Meng WANG Xueli GAO Congjie GAO Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdao 266100 China Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

The current work focused on the investigation of charge and separation characteristics of nanofiltration （NF） membrane embracing dissociated functional groups under different electrolyte solutions. The electro-kinetic method was carried out to assess the membrane volume charge density （X） with different salt concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 10 mol. m-3 and different electrolyte species, such as type 1-1, type 2-1 and type 3-1. The Donnan steric pore model-dielectric exclusion （DSPM- DE） model was employed to evaluate the separation characteristics of the NF membrane for wide range of electrolyte concentration （from 25.7 to 598.9mol·m^-3）. The results indicated that the dissociation of the hydro- philic functional groups and the specific adsorption contributed to charge formation on membrane surface. The former played a dominant role in type 1-1 and type 2-1 electrolytes at dilute aqueous solutions （0.1-0.5 mol · m^3）. However, for type 3-1 electrolyte, specific adsorp- tion should contribute to the charge effect to a large extent. Moreover, the correlation between the volume charge density and feed concentration was in accordance with Freundlich isotherm. Furthermore, it was found that the separation characteristic of NF membrane could be evaluated well by DSPM-DE model coupling with electro-kinetic method in a whole concentration range.

关键词： Sulfonated polyethersulfone nanofiltrationmembrane charge characteristics electro-kinetic method,volume charge density separation behavior

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Occurrence of estrogenic endocrine disrupting chemicals concern in sewage plant effluent

引用

Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2014年第1期8卷 18-26页

作者： Yan SUN Huang HUANG Ying SUN Chao WANG Xiaolei SHI Hongying HU Takashi KAMEYA Koichi FUJIE State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China 302 Military Hospital of China Beijing 100039 China Faculty of Science and Technology Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong Kong Hong Kong China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (MARC) Graduate School at Shenzhen Tsinghua University Shenzhen 518055 China Faculty of Environment and Information Sciences Yokohama National University Yokohama 240-8501 Japan

The purpose of this study was to give a worldwide overview of the concentrations of typical estrogenic endocrine disrupting chemicals （EDCs） in the effluent of sewage plants and then compare the concentra- tion distribution of the estrogenic EDCs in ten countries based on the survey data of the estrogenic EDCs research. The concentrations of three main categories （totally eight kinds） of estrogenic EDCs including steroidal estrogens （estrone （El）, estradiol （E2）, estriol （E3） and 17a- ethynylestradiol （EE2））, phenolic compounds （nonylphe- nol （NP） and bisphenol A （BPA）） and phthalate esters （dibutyl phthalate （DBP） and dibutyl phthalate （2- ethylhexyl） phthalate （DEHP）） in the effluents of sewage plants reported in major international journals over the past decade were collected. The statistics showed that the concentration distributions of eight kinds of EDCs were in the range of ng·L^-1 to μg·L^-1. The concentrations of steroidal estrogens mainly ranged within 50.00 ng. L-1, and the median concentrations of El, E2, E3 and EE2 were 11.00, 3.68, 4.90 and 1.00 ng·L^-1, respectively. Phenolic compounds and phthalate esters were found at pg. L-1 level （some individual values were at the high level of 40.00 μg·L^-1）. The median concentrations of BPA, NP, DBP and DEHP were 0.06, 0.55, 0.07 and 0.88 μg·L^-1, respectively. The concentrations of phenolic compounds and phthalate esters in the effluents were higher than that of steroids estrogens. The analysis of the concentration in various ten countries showed that steroids estrogens, phenolic compounds and phthalate esters in sewage plant effluents were detected with high concentration in Canada, Spain and China, respectively.

关键词： estrogenic endocrine disrupting chemicals,concentration distribution sewage plant

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

One-pot preparation of graphene oxide magnetic nanocomposites for the removal of tetrabromobisphenol A

引用

Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2013年第3期7卷 442-450页

作者： Liqin JI Xue BAI Lincheng ZHOU Hanchang SHI Wei CHEN Zulin HUA School of Environment Tsinghua University State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control Beijing 100084 China State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Institute of Biochemical Engineering & Environmental Technology Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China College of Environmental Science and Engineering Hohai University Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake (Ministry of Education) Nanjing 210098 China

A simple solvothermal method was used to prepare monodisperse magnetite （Fe304） nanoparticles attached onto graphene oxide （GO） sheets as adsorbents to remove tetrabromobisphenol A （TBBPA） from an aqueous solution. These Fe304/GO （MGO） nanocomposites were characterized by transmission electron microscopy. The adsorption capacity at different initial pH, contact duration, and temperature were evaluated. The kinetics of adsorption was found to fit the pseudo-second-order model perfectly. The adsorption isotherm well fitted the Langmuir model, and the theoretical maximum of adsorption capacity calculated by the Langmuir model was 27.26 mg ·g^-1 The adsorption thermodynamics of TBBPA on the MGO nanocomposites was determined at 303K, 313K, and 323 K, respectively. The results indicated that the adsorp- tion was spontaneous and endothermic. The MGO nanocomposites were conveniently separated from the media by an extemal magnetic field within several seconds, and then regenerated in 0.2 M NaOH solution. Thus, the MGO nanocomposites are a promising candidate for TBBPA removal from wastewater.

关键词： Magnetic graphene oxide （GO） adsorption,tetrabromobisphenol A （TBBPA）

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Removal mechanisms of heavy metal pollution from urban runoff in wetlands

引用

Frontiers of Earth Science 2012年第4期6卷 433-444页

作者： Zhiming ZHANG Baoshan CUI Xiaoyun FAN School of Environment Beijing Normal University State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control Beijing 100875 China

Solid particles, particularly urban surface dust in urban environments contain large quantities of pollu- tants. It is considered that urban surface dust is a major pollution source of urban stormwater runoff. The storm- water runoffwashes away urban surface dust and dissolves pollutants adsorbed onto the dust and finally discharges into receiving water bodies. The quality of receiving water bodies can be deteriorated by the dust and pollutants in it. polluted waters can be purified by wetlands with various physical, chemical, and biologic processes. These pro- cesses have been employed to treat pollutants in urban stormwater runoff for many years because purification of treatment wetlands is a natural process and a low-cost method. In this paper, we reviewed the processes involved during pollutants transport in urban environments. Parti- cularly, when the urban stormwater runoff enters into wetlands, their removal mechanisms involving various physical, chemical and biologic processes should been understood. Wetlands can remove heavy metals by absorbing and binding them and make them form a part of sediment. However, heavy metals can be released into water when the conditions changed. This information is important for the use of wetlands for removing of pollutants and reusing stormwater.

关键词： wetlands heavy metal stormwater rtmoff removal mechanisms

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Microbial community and functional genes in the rhizosphere of alfalfa in crude oil-contaminated soil

引用

Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2012年第6期6卷 797-805页

作者： YiZHONG Jian WANG Yizhi SONG Yuting LIANG Guanghe LI School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

A rhizobox system constructed with crude oil- contaminated soil was vegetated with alfalfa （Medicago sativa L.） to evaluate the rhizosphere effects on the soil microbial population and functional structure, and to explore the potential mechanisms by which plants enhance the removal of crude oil in soil. During the 80-day experiment, 31.6% of oil was removed from the adjacent rhizosphere （AR）; this value was 27% and 53% higher than the percentage of oil removed from the far rhizosphere （FR） and from the non-rhizosphere （NR）, respectively. The populations of heterotrophic bacteria and hydrocarbon- degrading bacteria were higher in the AR and FR than in the NR. However, the removal rate of crude oil was positively correlated with the proportion of hydrocarbon- degrading bacteria in the rhizosphere. In total, 796, 731, and 379 functional genes were detected by microarray in the AR, FR, and NR, respectively. Higher proportions of functional genes related to carbon degradation and organic remediation, were found in rhizosphere soil compared with NR soil, suggesting that the rhizosphere selectively increased the abundance of these specific functional genes. The increase in water-holding capacity and decrease in pH as well as salinity of the soil all followed the order of AR 〉 FR 〉 NR. Canonical component analysis showed that salinity was the most important environmental factor influencing the microbial functional structure in the rhizosphere and that salinity was negatively correlated with the abundance of carbon and organic degradation genes.

关键词： crude oil-contaminated soil phytoremedia-tion rhizosphere effects rhizobox functional genes

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：