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Accurate prediction of air quality response to emissions for effective control policy design

Journal of environmental Sciences 2023年第1期123卷 116-126页

作者： Min Cao Jia Xing Shovan Kumar Sahu Lei Duan Junhua Li State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing 100084China

Designing effective control policy requires accurate quantification of the relationship between the ambient concentrations of O3and PM2.5and the emissions of their ***,the challenge is that precursor reduction does not necessarily lead to decreases in the concentrations of O3and PM2.5,which are formed by multiple precursors under complex physical and chemical processes;this calls for the development of advanced model technologies to provide accurate predictions of the nonlinear responses of air quality to *** from the traditional sensitivity analysis and source apportionment methods,the reduced form models(RFMs)based on chemical transport models(CTMs)are able to quantify air quality responses to emissions more accurately and efficiently with lower computational *** we review recent approaches used in RFMs and compare their structures,advantages and disadvantages,performance and *** general,RFMs are classified into three types including(1)sensitivity-based models,(2)models with simplified chemistry and physical processes,and(3)statistical models,with considerable differences in principles,characteristics and application *** prediction of nonlinear responses by RFMs enables more in-depth analysis,not only in terms of real-time prediction of concentrations and quantification of human exposure,health impacts and economic damage,but also in optimizing control ***,data assimilation and emission inventory inversion based on the nonlinear response of concentrations to emissions can also be greatly beneficial to air pollution control *** future studies,improvement in the performance of CTMs is exceedingly crucial to obtain a more reliable baseline for the prediction of air quality *** of models to determine the air quality response to emissions under varying meteorological conditions is also necessary in the context of future climate changes,which pose great challenges to the qua

关键词： Air pollution Nonlinear response Air quality management Reduced form models(RFMs) Precursor emissions

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Unveiling the potential phosphorus retention effect in small-scale cascade reservoir systems: evidence from the Weiyuan River

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Journal of environmental Management 2025年 387卷 125847页

作者： Yin, Yuepeng Zhang, Wen You, Wangcheng Guo, Anqi Xu, Qiang Chengdu University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Geological Hazard Prevention and Geological Environmental Protection Chengdu610059 China Chengdu University of Technology College of Ecology and Environment State Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Pollution Collaborative Control and Joint Remediation Chengdu610059 China State Key Laboratory of Soil & Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing211135 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China

The construction of artificial dams profoundly alters nutrient dynamics within reservoir systems, with the phosphorus (P) retention effect of large reservoirs well-established. However, the role of small cascade reservoirs in regulating P transport dynamics remains poorly characterized, and whether their biogeochemical impacts align with those of large-scale reservoirs requires systematic investigation. Traditionally, it is widely believed that reservoir systems retain P, preventing their export downstream and thereby reducing primary productivity downstream of the reservoir. Unexpectedly, our research on the Weiyuan River cascade reservoirs revealed elevated sediment total P (TP) levels of 1208.93 mg/kg, bioavailable P (BAP) at 623.14 mg/kg, and 0.23 mg/L of TP in the overlying water of downstream reservoirs, indicating that P gradually accumulates into a hotspot along the downstream path of the cascade reservoir, especially during the low-water season (LWS). P dynamics within cascade reservoir systems are primarily driven by three interconnected factors: (1) enhanced sediment P remobilization risks in downstream reaches, (2) anthropogenic P loading from external sources, and (3) cascade-induced sedimentological shifts toward elevated organic matter content and finer particle size distributions, which collectively amplify P bioavailability through modified adsorption-desorption equilibria. Notably, the combined effect of elevated P loading (0.17 mg/L) and prolonged hydraulic retention time (HRT: 13.13 days) during low-water seasons triggered pronounced P sequestration in upstream suspended solids (SS) of cascade reservoirs, retaining 30.35 kg (15.73 % of sediment TP). This far exceeds the P transport observed during the high-water season (HWS), where an increase of 34.34 kg (36.69 %) was recorded downstream. The observed sediment retention during LWS exhibits inconsistencies with reservoir-scale P biogeochemical dynamics, potentially driven by the limited P bufferi

关键词： Reservoir inlets

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Evaluating Metal-Support Interaction in Formaldehyde Oxidation Using Pd/TiO₂ Catalysts: The key Role of Mono-Oxygen Vacancies

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Inorganic Chemistry 2025年 2025 May 14页

作者： Chen, Xudong Wang, Chunying Wang, Jingyi Wen, Wei Liu, Xiaofeng Li, Yaobin Shan, Wenpo He, Hong Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xiamen 361021 China Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pollution Control for Port-Petrochemical Industry Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo 315800 China School of Resources & Chemical Engineering Sanming University Sanming 365004 China Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming 650000 China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Metal-support interactions (MSI) have been widely recognized as playing a key role in regulating the catalytic activity in various reactions. However, clarifying the relationship linking catalyst defect structures, active sites, and catalytic performance for catalysts with a constructed MSI remains a challenge. Here, Pd/TiO₂ catalysts with adjustable MSI were designed and fabricated based on defect engineering. Comprehensive characterization analysis revealed that as the catalyst reduction temperature and defect content increase, the MSI gradually increases, subsequently enhancing the intrinsic activity of the catalyst to oxidize formaldehyde (HCHO). However, the activity of the catalyst exhibited a volcano-shaped trend, which was caused by the collapse of the support structure at a high reduction temperature. Through comparative analysis of the HCHO oxidation reaction and CO oxidation reaction activity tests, it was confirmed that the ratio of mono-oxygen vacancies to oxygen vacancy clusters (I₁/I₂) in this study system could reliably serve as a valid “descriptor” for HCHO oxidation apparent activity. © 2025 American Chemical Society.

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Effect of co-existing organic compounds on adsorption of perfluorinated compounds onto carbon nanotubes

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Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2015年第5期9卷 784-792页

作者： Shubo DENG Yue BEI Xinyu LU Ziwen DU Bin WANG Yujue WANG Jun HUANG Gang YU State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Beijing Key Laboratory for Control of Emerging Organic Contaminants School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

Co-existing organic compounds may affect the adsorption of perfluorinated compounds （PFCs） and carbon nanotubes in aquatic environments. Adsorption of perfluorooctane sulfonate （PFOS）, perfluorooctane acid （PFOA）, perfluorobutane sulfonate （PFBS）, and perfluor- ohexane sulfonate （PFHxS） on the pristine multi-walled carbon nanotubes （MWCNTs-Pri）, carboxyl functionalized MWCNTs （MWCTNs-COOH）, and hydroxyl functiona- lized MWCNTs （MWCNTs-OH） in the presence of humic acid, 1-naphthol, phenol, and benzoic acid was studied. Adsorption kinetics of PFOS was described well by the pseudo-second-order model and the sorption equilibrium was almost reached within 24 h. The effect of co-existing organic compounds on PFOS adsorption followed the decreasing order of humic acid 〉 1-naphthol 〉 benzoic acid〉phenol. Adsorbed amounts of PFOS decreased significantly in the presence of co-existing or preloaded humic acid, and both adsorption energy and effective adsorption sites on the three MWCNTs decreased, resulting in the decrease of PFOS adsorption. With increasing pH, PFOS removal by three MWCNTs decreased in the presence of humic acid and phenol. The adsorbed amounts of different PFCs on the MWCNTs increased in the order ofPFBS 〈 PFHxS 〈 PFOA 〈 PFOS. The increase of both initial concentrations and the number of aromatic rings of co-existing organic compounds suppressed PFOS adsorption on the MWCNTs.

关键词： perfluorinated compounds carbon nanotubes,competitive adsorption humic acid perfluorooctane sulfo-nate （PFOS）

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Review on carbon storage estimation of forest ecosystem and applications in China

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Forest Ecosystems 2020年第1期7卷 37-50页

作者： Wanlong Sun Xuehua Liu State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control and School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Background:The accuracy in estimating forest ecosystem carbon storage has drawn extensive attention of researchers in the field of global climate ***,incomparable data sources and various estimation methods have led to significant differences in the estimation of forest carbon storage at large ***:In this study,we reviewed fundamental types of forest carbon storage estimation methods and their applications in ***:Results showed that the major forest carbon storage estimation methods were classified into 3 major categories and 15 subcategories focusing on vegetation carbon storage estimation,soil carbon storage estimation,and litter carbon storage estimation,*** application in China showed that there have been 3 development stages of research in China since the *** of forest carbon storage estimation in province scales were conducted more frequently in the northeastern,eastern and southwestern provinces such as Zhejiang,Heilongjiang and Sichuan with high forest coverage or large forest ***-based methods,soil type method,and biomass model were the main forest estimation methods used in China,focusing on vegetation,soil and litter carbon storage estimation *** forest carbon storage of China was approximate 28.90 Pg C,and the average vegetation carbon density(42.04±5.39 Mg·ha?1)was much lower than that of the whole world(71.60 Mg·ha?1).Vegetation carbon density from average biomass method was the highest(57.07 Mg·ha?1)through comparing nine types of vegetation carbon storage estimation methods applied during 1989 to ***:Many studies on forest carbon storages have been carried out in China at patch scales or regional *** efforts enabled the research of forest carbon storage to reach a relatively advanced ***,the accumulation of massive research data provides the basis for subsequent research *** challenges are also *** review could provide a

关键词： Forest ecosystem Forest carbon storage estimation Carbon storage China

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Abundance and distribution of ammonia-oxidizing archaea in Tibetan and Yunnan plateau agricultural soils of China

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Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2014年第5期8卷 693-702页

作者： Kun DING Xianghua WEN Liang CHEN Daishi HUANG Fan FEI Yuyang LI Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

As low oxygen and high ultraviolet （UV） exposure might significantly affect the microbial existence in plateau, it could lead to a specialized microbial community. To determine the abundance and distribution of ammonia-oxidizing archaea （AOA） in agricultural soil of plateau, seven soil samples were collected respectively from farmlands in Tibet and Yunnan cultivating the wheat, highland-barley, and colza, which are located at altitudes of 3200-3800 m above sea level. Quantitative PCR （q-PCR） and clone library targeting on amoA gene were used to quantify the abundances of AOA and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria （AOB）, and characterize the community structures of AOA in the samples. The number of AOA cells （9.34 × 10^7-2.32× 10^8 g^-1 soil） was 3.86-21.84 times greater than that of AOB cells （6.91 × 10^6-1.24 × 10^8 g^-1 soil） in most of the samples, except a soil sample cultivating highland- barley with an AOA/AOB ratio of 0.90. Based Kendall＇s correlation coefficient, no remarkable correlation between AOA abundance and the environmental factor was observed. Additionally, the diversities of AOA community were affected by total nitrogen and organic matter concentration in soils, suggesting that AOA was probably sensitive to several environmental factors, and could adjust its community structure to adapt to the environmental variation while maintaining its abundance.

关键词： ammonia-oxidizing archaea ammonia-oxidizing bacteria quantitative PCR clone library plateau

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Indoor carbonyl compounds in an academic building in Beijing, China： concentrations and influencing factors

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Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2012年第2期6卷 184-194页

作者： Chuanjia JIANG Pengyi ZHANG State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Carbonyl compounds in indoor air are of great concern for their adverse health effects. Between February and May, 2009, concentrations of 13 carbonyl compounds were measured in an academic building in Beijing, China. Total concentration of the detected carbonyls ranged from 20.7 to 189.1 ***.m3, and among them acetone and formaldehyde were the most abundant, with mean concentrations of 26.4 and 22.6gg.m-3, respectively. Average indoor concentrations of other carbonyls were below I 0 gg. m^3. Principal component analysis identified a combined effect of common indoor carbonyl sources and ventilation on indoor carbonyl levels. Diurnal variations of the carbonyl compounds were investigated in one office room, and carbonyl concentrations tended to be lower in the daytime than at night, due to enhanced ventilation. Average concentrations of carbonyl compounds in the office room were generally higher in early May than in late February, indicating the influence of temperature. Carbo- nyl source emission rates from both the room and human occupants were estimated during two lectures, based on one-compartment mass balance model. The influence of human occupants on indoor carbonyl concentrations varies with environmental conditions, and may become signifi- cant in the case of a large human occupancy.

关键词： carbonyl compounds indoor air ventilation,human occupancy source emission rate （SER） principalcomponent analysis （PCA）

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Omitted variable bias in single-pollutant epidemiological models for estimating long-term health effects of ambient fine particulate matter and ozone

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Journal of Hazardous Materials 2025年 494卷 138590页

作者： Xue, Tao Deng, Jianyu Ni, Xueqiu Kang, Ning Tong, Mingkun Li, Pengfei School of Public Health Peking University Health Science Centre Beijing100191 China Advanced Institute of Information Technology Peking University Hangzhou311215 China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking University Beijing100871 China Institute of Medical Technology Peking University Health Science Centre Beijing100191 China

Long-term exposure to PM2.5 and O3 is linked to various adverse health outcomes. However, many epidemiological studies on their health effects use single-pollutant models, leading to omitted variable bias (OVB). The percent bias, based on the classical OVB formula, depends on the PM2.5-O3 correlation and unobservable true effects. Data were sourced from two recent meta-analyses of the log-linear link between all-cause mortality and per-unit exposure to PM2.5 or O3. We then developed a new meta-regression method to correct biases, and its performance was verified through simulation. The OVB for PM2.5 or O3 can vary greatly from positive to negative across different spatial scales (like country, sub-national region, or city). By applying this method to 24 individual estimates, we found that a 10 μg/m³ increase in PM2.5 was linked to a 7.4 % increase in all-cause mortality risk, while O3’s association with all-cause mortality was not significant, which implies that PM2.5 must be considered in epidemiological analyses to obtain reliable effect estimates for O3. Our findings offer novel methodologies for the systematic assessment of the health effects of multiple pollutants. This contribution holds significant potential in fortifying health intervention strategies and minimizing the health risks posed by air pollution to the public. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Air quality

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Impacts of emissions and meteorological changes on China’s ozone pollution in the warm seasons of 2013 and 2017

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Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2019年第5期13卷 129-137页

作者： Dian Ding Jia Xing Shuxiao Wang Xing Chang Jiming Hao State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing 100084China

We have quantified the impacts of anthropogenic emissions reductions caused by the Air pollution control Action Plan and changes in meteorological fields between 2013 and 2017 on the warm-season O3 concentration in China using a regional 3D chemical transport model. We found that the impact on daily maximum eight-hour (MDA8) O3 concentration by the meteorological variation that mostly increased O3 was greater than that from emission reduction, which decreased O3. Specifically, the control measures implemented since 2013 in China have reduced SO2, NOx, PM2.5, and VOC emissions by 33%, 25%, 30%, and 4% in 2017, while NH3 emissions have increased by 7%. The changes in anthropogenic emissions lowered MDA8 O3 by 0.4–3.7 ppb (0.8%–7.6%, varying by region and month), although MDA8 O3 was increased slightly in some urban areas (i.e. North China) at the beginning/end of warm seasons. Relative to 2013, the average 2 m temperature in 2017 shows increments in North, North-east, East, and South China (0.34℃–0.83℃) and decreases in Central China (0.24℃). The average solar radiation shows increments in North, North-east, and South China (7.0–9.7 w/m2) and decreases in Central, South-west, and North-west China (4.7–10.3 w/m2). The meteorological differences significantly change MDA8 O3 by -3.5–8.5 ppb (-8.2%–18.8%) with large temporal variations. The average MDA8 O3 was slightly increased in North, North-east, East, and South China. The response surface model suggests that the O3 formation regime transfers from NOx-saturated in April to NOx-limited in July on average in China.

关键词： O3 pollution Meteorological influences Emission reduction NOx VOC

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Adsorption behavior of antibiotic in soil environment： a critical review

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Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2015年第4期9卷 565-574页

作者： Shiliang WANG Hui WANG State Key Joint Laboratory on Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

Antibiotics are used widely in human and veterinary medicine, and are ubiquitous in environment matrices worldwide. Due to their consumption, excretion, and persistence, antibiotics are disseminated mostly via direct and indirect emissions such as excrements, sewage irrigation, and sludge compost and enter the soil and impact negatively the natural ecosystem of soil. Most antibiotics are amphiphilic or amphoteric and ionize. A non-polar core combined with polar functional moieties makes up numerous antibiotic molecules. Because of various molecule structures, physicochemical properties vary widely among antibiotic compounds. Sorption is an important process for the environment behaviors and fate of antibiotics in soil environment. The adsorption process has decisive role for the environmental behaviors and the ultimate fates of antibiotics in soil. Multiply physicochem- ical properties of antibiotics induce the large variations of their adsorption behaviors. In addition, factors of soil environment such as the pH, ionic strength, metal ions, and organic matter content also strongly impact the adsorption processes of antibiotics. Review about adsorption of antibiotics on soil can provide a fresh insight into understanding the antibiotic-soil interactions. Therefore, literatures about the adsorption mechanisms of antibiotics in soil environment and the effects of environment factors on adsorption behaviors of antibiotics in soil are reviewed and discussed systematically in this review.

关键词： adsorption antibiotics environment factors,soil

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