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Photochemical decomposition of 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctane sulfonate(6:2FTS)induced by ferric ions

Journal of environmental Sciences 2017年第1期29卷 120-127页

作者： Ling Jin Chuanjia Jiang Pengyi Zhang State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniuersityBeijing 100084China.

Perfluorooctane sulfonate（PFOS） had wide applications,such as in the electroplating industry,but its use was restricted in 2009 by the Stockholm Convention,due to its environmental persistence and potential *** the most common PFOS alternative,lH,lH,2H,2H-perfluorooctane sulfonic acid（6：2FTS） and its salts have been increasingly ***,little is known about its photochemical *** paper reports the ferric ion-induced efficient decomposition and defluorination of 6：2FTS under 254 nm ultraviolet（UV） irradiation;the underlying mechanisms were also *** the presence of 100 ｜imol/L ferric ion and at pH 3.0,the first-order decomposition rate constant of 6：2FTS（10 mg/L） was 1.59/hr,which was 6 times higher than for direct UV *** effects of the ferric ion concentration and the solution pH on the 6：2FTS photodecomposition were investigated and the optimal reaction conditions were *** addition to fluoride and sulfate ions,shorter-chain PFCAs（C2-C7） were detected as major *** addition of hydrogen peroxide or oxalic acid accelerated the decomposition of 6：2FTS under UV irradiation,but not its defluorination,indicating that hydroxyl radicals can directly react with 6：2FTS but not with the shorter-chain ***,a mechanism for 6：2FTS photochemical decomposition in the presence of ferric ion was proposed,which comprises two reaction ***,hydroxyl radicals can directly attack 6：2FTS,leading to C- C bond ***,6：2FTS coordinates with ferric ion to form Fe（III）-6：2FTS complexes,which can undergo ligand-to-metal charge transfer under UV irradiation,causing C-S bond cleavage.

关键词： 6:2 Fluorotelomer sulfonate(6:2FTS) Perfluorooctane sulfonate(PFOS) alternative Ferric ion Photodecomposition

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Zeolite (Na) modified by nano-Fe particles adsorbing phosphate in rainwater runoff

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2012年第11期24卷 1929-1933页

作者： Lili Gan Jiane Zuo Bangmi Xie Peng Li Xia Huang State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Zeolite （Na） modified by self-synthesized nano-Fe particles was used as infiltration media to adsorb phosphate in rainwater runoff. The adsorption capacities increased up to 75 times that of natural zeolite at a saturated equilibrium phosphate concentration of 0.42 mg/L. The correlation of capacity and material-specific surface area indicated that specific surface area was not the key factor contributing to the capacity improvement. SEM and XRD analysis showed that chemical reaction between Fe and P to form new products like cacoxenite is the main reason for the increased capacity, and that the method of adding metal ions or particles to improve the adsorption capacity for phosphate is feasible.

关键词： rainwater runoff phosphate adsorption nano-iron modification

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Tracing anthropogenic imprints on polybrominated and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin/furans in soil: A comprehensive field study in an urban agglomeration of China

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environmental Research 2025年第Pt 1期279卷 121750页

作者： Liu, Ming-Yang Li, Hui-Ru Peng, Ping-An Song, Ai-Min Li, Yang Xie, Fei-Xiang Zhang, Yong-Hong Hu, Jian-Fang State Key Laboratory of Advanced Environmental Technology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou510640 China SCNU Environmental Research Institute Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment School of Environment South China Normal University Guangzhou510006 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science Guangzhou510640 China Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control Guangzhou510640 China

Polybrominated and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin/furans (PBDD/Fs and PCDD/Fs) are primarily generated through anthropogenic thermal and chemical processes involving bromine and chlorine, respectively. However, the differential impacts of these anthropogenic activities on their environmental occurrences remain incompletely characterized yet. We conducted a comprehensive field soil study in the Pearl River Delta (PRD), a representative urban agglomeration in South China, to investigate the occurrence, sources, and risks of PBDD/Fs and PCDD/Fs. Compared to PCDD/Fs, PBDD/Fs in the PRD soils demonstrated comparable ubiquity and enrichment potential in organic-rich soils, but exhibited distinct compositions, inverse spatial distributions, and concentrations one to three orders of magnitude lower. PBDD/Fs in these samples were predominantly derived from bromine-involved industries (particularly those related to polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE)), thermal-related activities, and vehicular emissions. Consequently, they showed higher levels in highly industrialized/urbanized regions of the PRD and displayed positive correlations with local industrial/urban-related socioeconomic parameters, including gross domestic product (GDP), industrial output, population density, and volumes of vehicles, wastewater, waste gas, and waste incineration. In contrast, PCDD/Fs in these samples were primarily contributed by local agricultural activities (particularly the historical use of pentachlorophenol (PCP)/PCP-Na), thereby exhibiting significant positive correlations with local grain acreage, grain yield, and consumptions of pesticides and agricultural films. The contributions from biomass/waste open-burning and metalworking-related industries were three times lower. Unlike organic carbon content, the particle size of the PRD soils demonstrated insignificant influences on the distributions of PBDD/Fs and PCDD/Fs. PCDD/Fs and PBDD/Fs collectively exhibited notable carcinogenic risks i

关键词： Refuse incineration

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N-Nitrosamines in Karst Groundwaters in Southwestern China: Risks and Implications for Drinking Water Safety

SSRN

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Gu, Xiongwei Xu, Liwei Huang, Xin Chen, Yingjie Shan, Yuanyu Yan, Xiaoyu Liu, Zhaojue Zeng, Hong-Hu Chen, Wenwen Huang, Huanfang Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology Guilin University of Technology Guilin541006 China Engineering Research Center of Watershed Protection and Green Development University of Guangxi Guilin University of Technology Guilin541006 China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control South China Institute of Environmental Sciences MEE Guangzhou510535 China SCNU Environmental Research Institute Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment South China Normal University Guangzhou510006 China

Groundwater is a vital drinking water source for populations in remote karst regions. However, the highly developed karst tube systems facilitate the infiltration of surface wastewater containing N-nitrosamines, raising concerns about groundwater safety. To assess the safety of groundwater and identify which types are safer for consumption, this study investigated N-nitrosamines in various groundwater types, including ground river, karst cavern, well, and mountain spring waters, in Guangxi, a typical karst region in southwestern China. The total concentrations of eight N-nitrosamines in groundwater ranged from 5.1 to 70.3 ng/L, with N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA), N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), and N-nitrosopyrrolidine (NPYR) being the dominant species. Ground river water exhibited significantly higher N-nitrosamine concentrations than karst cavern, well, and mountain spring waters. Significant correlations between N-nitrosamines and dissolved inorganic nitrogen suggested their co-emissions from domestic wastewater and the secondary formation potential of N-nitrosamines in groundwater. Redundancy analysis further identified domestic and swine wastewater as the primary sources. Ground river and mountain spring waters posed the highest risks among the four groundwater types, with 30% and 20% of sites, respectively, exceeding acceptable cancer risk thresholds. These findings underscore the importance of thorough water treatment before groundwater is used for drinking. Strict livestock farming and domestic wastewater discharge regulations are essential to mitigate contamination risks, particularly in karst areas. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nitrosamines

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The risk factors and threshold level of subchronic inhalation exposure of reclaimed water

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 639-650页

作者： Jiayang Kong Yun Lu Yunru Ren Menghao Chen Gang Liu Liangliang Shi State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control State Environment Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk ControlSchool of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Inhalation of reclaimed water is known to cause lung infammation,and free endotoxins have been shown to be a major risk factor for acute *** exposure has also been shown to induce infammatory responses with visible tissue ***,subchronic risk factors have yet to be identified,and a threshold for the protection of occupational populations during urban reuse is *** this study,potential risk factors in reclaimed water were examined by subchronic exposure with fractionated reclaimed water,and the health risk threshold was tested with a series of diluted reclaimed ***,following a 12-week exposure,macromolecules and microorganisms were found to be two major risk factors in reclaimed water that could cause pulmonary infammation,including increased proportion of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in bronchoalveolar fuid,formation of inducible bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue,and elevation of Immunoglobulin A ***,infammation persisted after a 4-week recovery *** calculated threshold of reclaimed water exposure for mice was 31.8 Endotoxin Unit(EU)/(kg·day)under when exposed to 50%additional relative humidity from reclaimed water at 25℃ for 2 hr/***,the subchronic threshold estimate for humans under the same exposure conditions was found to be 12.2 EU/(kg·day),corresponding to endotoxin levels of 61.7 EU/mL in reclaimed *** threshold level of endotoxin was lower than that in most non-potable reclaimed *** findings of this study suggest that occupational exposure of reclaimed water can serve as a potential risk to workers.

关键词： Reclaimed water Inhalation exposure Risk factor Threshold Infammation Endotoxin

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Enhancement on the ammonia oxidation capacity of ammonia-oxidizing archaeon originated from wastewater:Utilizing low-density static magnetic field

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Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2021年第5期15卷 67-74页

作者： Zeshen Tian Bo Wang Yuyang Li Bo Shen Fengjuan Li Xianghua Wen State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China

Ammonia-oxidizing archaeon(AOA)could play important roles for nitrogen removal in the bioreactors under conditions such as low pH and low dissolved ***,enhancing ammonia oxidation capability of AOA has great significance for water and wastewater treatment,especially under conditions like low dissolved oxygen *** a novel AOA strain SAT1,which was enriched from a wastewater treatment plant by our group,the effect of magnetic field on AOA’s ammonia oxidation capability,its magnetotaxis and heredity were investigated in this *** with control experiment,AOA’s maximum nitrite-N formation rate during the cultivation increased by 56.8%(0.65 mgN/(L·d))with 20 mT magnetic ***,it was testified that AOA possessed a certain ***,results manifested that the enhancement of AOA’s ammonia oxidation capability was not heritable,that is,lost once the magnetic field was ***,the possible mechanism of improving AOA’s ammonia oxidation capability by magnetic field was owing to the promotion of AOA single cells’growth and fission,rather than the enhancement of their ammonia oxidation *** results shed light on the application of AOA and methods to enhance AOA’s ammonia oxidation capability,especially in wastewater treatment processes under certain conditions.

关键词： Ammonia-oxidizing archaeon Ammonia oxidation Magnetic field Magnetotaxis Heredity

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Low-carbon transition of iron and steel industry in China:Carbon intensity, economic growth and policy intervention

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2015年第2期27卷 137-147页

作者： Bing Yu Xiao Li Yuanbo Qiao Lei Shi State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University School of Economics and Management Tsinghua University

As the biggest iron and steel producer in the world and one of the highest CO2 emission sectors, China’s iron and steel industry is undergoing a low-carbon transition accompanied by remarkable technological progress and investment adjustment, in response to the macroeconomic climate and policy intervention. Many drivers of the CO2 emissions of the iron and steel industry have been explored, but the relationships between CO2 abatement,investment and technological expenditure, and their connections with the economic growth and governmental policies in China, have not been conjointly and empirically examined. We proposed a concise conceptual model and an econometric model to investigate this crucial question. The results of regression, Granger causality test and impulse response analysis indicated that technological expenditure can significantly reduce CO2 emissions, and that investment expansion showed a negative impact on CO2 emission reduction. It was also argued with empirical evidence that a good economic situation favored CO2 abatement in China’s iron and steel industry, while achieving CO2 emission reduction in this industrial sector did not necessarily threaten economic *** shed light on the dispute over balancing emission cutting and economic *** the policy aspects, the year 2000 was found to be an important turning point for policy evolution and the development of the iron and steel industry in China. The subsequent command and control policies had a significant, positive effect on CO2 abatement.

关键词： CO2emission reduction Iron and steel industry Economic growth China Vector autoregression(VAR)

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Optimized production of a novel bioflocculant M-C11 by Klebsiella sp. and its application in sludge dewatering

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2014年第10期26卷 2076-2083页

作者： Jiewei Liu Junwei Ma Yanzhong Liu Ya Yang Dongbei Yue Hongtao Wang State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Beijing Normal University School of Environment Tsinghua University

The optimized production of a novel bioflocculant M-C11 produced by Klebsiella sp. and its application in sludge dewatering were investigated. The optimal medium carbon source,nitrogen source, metal ion, initial pH and culture temperature for the bioflocculant production were glucose, NaNO3, MgSO4, and pH 7.0 and 25°C, respectively. A compositional analysis indicated that the purified M-C11 consisted of 91.2% sugar, 4.6% protein and 3.9% nucleic acids（m/m）. A Fourier transform infrared spectrum confirmed the presence of carboxyl, hydroxyl,methoxyl and amino groups. The microbial flocculant exhibited excellent pH and thermal stability in a kaolin suspension over a pH range of 4.0 to 8.0 and a temperature range of 20 to 60°*** optimum bioflocculating activity was observed as 92.37% for 2.56 mL M-C11 and 0.37 g/L CaCl2 dosages using response surface methodology. The sludge resistance in filtration（SRF）decreased from 11.6 × 1012 to 4.7 × 1012m/kg, which indicated that the sludge dewaterability was remarkably enhanced by the bioflocculant conditioning. The sludge dewatering performance conditioned by M-C11 was more efficient than that of inorganic flocculating reagents,such as aluminum sulfate and polymeric aluminum chloride. The bioflocculant has advantages over traditional sludge conditioners due to its lower cost, benign biodegradability and negligible secondary pollution. In addition, the bioflocculant was favorably adapted to the specific sludge pH and salinity.

关键词： Bioflocculant Klebsiella sp. Optimized production Response surface methodology Sludge dewatering

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Spatial Distribution and environmental Determinants of Denitrification Enzyme Activity in Reed-Dominated Raised Fields

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Chinese Geographical Science 2015年第4期25卷 438-450页

作者： LAN Yan CUI Baoshan HAN Zhen LI Xia LI Fengju ZHANG Yongtao School of Environment State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control Beijing Normal University

Denitrification is an important process of nitrogen removal in lake ***,the importance of denitrification across the entire soil-depth gradients including subsurface layers remains poorly *** study aims to determine the spatial pattern of soil denitrification enzyme activity(DEA) and its environmental determinants across the entire soil depth gradients in the raised fields in Baiyang Lake,North *** two different zones of the raised fields(i.e.,water boundary *** body of the raised fields),the soil samples from 1.0 m to 1.1 m depth were collected,and the DEA and following environmental determinants were quantified:soil moisture,p H,total nitrogen(TN),ammonia nitrogen(NH4+-N),nitrate nitrogen(NO3–-N),total organic carbon(TOC),and rhizome biomass of Phragmites *** results showed that the soil DEA and environmental factors had a striking zonal distribution across the entire soil depth *** soil DEA reached two peak values in the upper and middle soil layers,indicating that denitrification are important in both topsoil and subsurface of the raised *** correlation analysis showed that the DEA is negatively correlated with the soil depth(p < 0.05).However,this phenomenon did not occur in the distance to the water edge,except in the upper layers(from 0.2 m to 0.7 m) of the boundary zone of the raised *** the main body of the raised fields,the DEA level remained high;however,it showed no significant relationship with the distance to the water *** linear regression analysis showed significant positive correlation of the DEA with the soil TN,NO3–-N,NH4+-N,and TOC;whereas it showed negative correlation with soil p *** significant correlations with soil moisture and temperature were observed.A positive correlation was also found between the DEA and rhizome biomass of ***.

关键词： denitrification enzyme activity(DEA) nitrate removal raised fields Baiyang Lake rhizomes

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Photolysis and photooxidation of typical gaseous VOCs by UV Irradiation： Removal performance and mechanisms

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Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2018年第3期12卷 107-120页

作者： In-Sun Kang Jinying Xi Hong-Ying Hu Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

Photodegradation by ultraviolet irradiation （UV） is increasingly applied in volatile organic compound （VOC） and odor gas treatments. In this study, 27 typical VOCs, including 11 hydrocarbons and 16 hydrocarbon derivatives, at 150-200 ppm in air and nitrogen gas were treated by a laboratory-scale UV reactor with 185/254 nm irradiation to systematically investigate their removal and conversion by UV irradiation. For the tested 27 VOCs, the VOC removal efficiencies in air were within the range of 13 %- 97% （with an average of 80%） at a retention time of 53 s, which showed a moderate positive correlation with the -molecular weight of the VOCs （R = 0.53）. The respective contributions of photolysis and photooxidation to VOC removal were identified for each VOC. According to the CO2 results, the mineralization rate of the tested VOCs was within the range of 9%-90%, with an average of 41% and were negatively correlated to the molecular weight （R = -0.63）. Many of the tested VOCs exhibited high concentration particulate matters in the off-gases with a 3-283 mg/m^3 PM10 range and a 2-40 mg/m^3 PM2.5 range. The carbon balance of each VOC during UV irradiation was analyzed based on the VOC, CO2 and PM10 concentrations. Certain organic intermediates and 23-218 ppm ozone were also identified in the off-gases. Although the UV technique exhibited a high VOC removal efficiency, its drawbacks, specifically low mineralization, particulate matters production, and ozone emission, must be considered prior to its application in VOC gas treatments.

关键词： VOCs UV photodegradation Particulate matters Ozone

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