Robot have been increasingly and significantly more powerful and intelligent over the last decade, and moving towards more service oriented roles. Imitation learning and human-robot interaction play important roles in...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781467355322;9781467355339
Robot have been increasingly and significantly more powerful and intelligent over the last decade, and moving towards more service oriented roles. Imitation learning and human-robot interaction play important roles in effectively improving robot's intelligence and ability to co-work with human being. This paper reviews the current state of the art in robot learning and controlling based on imitation learning and human-robot interaction. Recent research, imitation, and the control strategy for imitation learning are addressed. Human-robot physical interaction and multi-modal interaction are emphasized.
作者:
Li, H.Liu, D.Chinese Acad Sci
State Key Lab Management & Control Complex Syst Inst Automat Beijing 100190 Peoples R China
In this study, the authors propose a novel adaptive dynamic programming scheme based on general value iteration (VI) to obtain near optimal control for discrete-time affine non-linear systems with continuous state and...
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In this study, the authors propose a novel adaptive dynamic programming scheme based on general value iteration (VI) to obtain near optimal control for discrete-time affine non-linear systems with continuous state and control spaces. First, the selection of initial value function is different from the traditional VI, and a new method is introduced to demonstrate the convergence property and convergence speed of value function. Then, the control law obtained at each iteration can stabilise the system under some conditions. At last, an error-bound-based condition is derived considering the approximation errors of neural networks, and then the error between the optimal and approximated value functions can also be estimated. To facilitate the implementation of the iterative scheme, three neural networks with Levenberg-Marquardt training algorithm are used to approximate the unknown system, the value function and the control law. Two simulation examples are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
In this article, the informatization developments of main international ports are summarized. Then, the detail requirements of next generation Intelligent Ports are collected and analyzed. Later, the corresponding key...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781479905300;9781479905294
In this article, the informatization developments of main international ports are summarized. Then, the detail requirements of next generation Intelligent Ports are collected and analyzed. Later, the corresponding key technologies of Internet of Things are summarized. And, a kind of Intelligent Ports solution is proposed, and its main functions are designed in detail. Finally, the future development trend of Intelligent Ports is predicted.
In this paper, a finite horizon iterative adaptive dynamic programming (ADP) algorithm is proposed to solve the optimal control problem for a class of discrete-time nonlinear systems with unfixed initial state. A new ...
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In this paper, a finite horizon iterative adaptive dynamic programming (ADP) algorithm is proposed to solve the optimal control problem for a class of discrete-time nonlinear systems with unfixed initial state. A new is an element of-optimal control algorithm based on the iterative ADP approach is proposed that makes the performance index function iteratively converge to the greatest lower bound of all performance indices within an error is an element of in finite time. The convergence analysis of the proposed ADP algorithm in terms of performance index function and control policy is conducted. The optimal number of control steps can also be obtained by the proposed is an element of-optimal control algorithm for the unfixed initial state. Neural networks are used to approximate the performance index function, and compute the optimal control policy, respectively, for facilitating the implementation of the is an element of-optimal control algorithm. Finally, a simulation example is given to show the effectiveness of the proposed method. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
The core function of any profitable firm is capturing a share of the value that customer perceives in the firm's offering. Value capture is traditionally considered to relate to a competitive advantage at the firm...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781479905287
The core function of any profitable firm is capturing a share of the value that customer perceives in the firm's offering. Value capture is traditionally considered to relate to a competitive advantage at the firm level, but not the firm network level. However, the ever increasing role of information and knowledge in today's economy is profoundly changing how firms can create competitive advantages. Among these changes, we highlight reducing transaction costs in various areas of the economy, which drives the economy to organize more toward rapidly evolving networks or smaller firms. There is also an opposite trend for some internet firms to become larger due to economies of scale and due to network externalities. In this position paper, we examine the issue of value capture by firms that are increasingly small and operate in rapidly changing and evolving networks. We conclude by outlining future research on firm-level capabilities that are required to enable value capture in new forms of dynamic networks.
A general control system of two-wheel self-balanced robot usually has a complex structure due to plenty of sensors, whose price is very expensive. According to this condition, a control system with the stepper motor d...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781479905300;9781479905294
A general control system of two-wheel self-balanced robot usually has a complex structure due to plenty of sensors, whose price is very expensive. According to this condition, a control system with the stepper motor driver is proposed, eliminating the expensive components, like optical encoder and brushless DC motor. At the same time, the low-power and high-performance STM32, 32-bit microprocessor, is selected as a controller. Outputted pulse frequency is adjusted through the adjustment of STM32 timer prescaler value, which regulates the step motor speed. With inclination angle formed by the Kalman filter of the output signal of the accelerometer and gyroscope as feedback, self-balanced closed loop control of two-wheeled robot is realized.
Geometric object detection has many applications, such as in tracking. Particle tracking microrheology is a technique for studying mechanical properties by accurately tracking the motion of the immersed particles unde...
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Geometric object detection has many applications, such as in tracking. Particle tracking microrheology is a technique for studying mechanical properties by accurately tracking the motion of the immersed particles undergoing Brownian motion. Since particles are carried along by these random undulations of the medium, they can move in and out of the microscope's depth of focus, which results in halos (lower intensity). Two-point particle tracking microrheology (TPM) uses a threshold to find those particles with peak, which leads to the broken trajectory of the particles. The halos of those particles which are out of focus are circles and the centres can be accurately tracked in most cases. When the particles are sparse, TPM will lose certain useful information. Thus, it may cause inaccurate microrheology. An efficient algorithm to detect the centre of those particles will increase the accuracy of the Brownian motion. In this paper, a hybrid approach is proposed which combines the steps of TPM for particles in focus with a circle detection step using circular Hough transform for particles with halos. As a consequence, it not only detects more particles in each frame but also dramatically extends the trajectories with satisfactory accuracy. Experiments over a video microscope data set of polystyrene spheres suspended in water undergoing Brownian motion confirmed the efficiency of the algorithm.
The Rao-Blackwellized particle filter (RBPF) algorithm usually has better performance than the traditional particle filter (PF) by utilizing conditional dependency relationships between parts of the state variables to...
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The Rao-Blackwellized particle filter (RBPF) algorithm usually has better performance than the traditional particle filter (PF) by utilizing conditional dependency relationships between parts of the state variables to estimate. By doing so, RBPF could not only improve the estimation precision but also reduce the overall computational complexity. However, the computational burden is still too high for many real-time applications. To improve the efficiency of RBPF, the particle swarm optimization (PSO) is applied to drive all the particles to the regions where their likelihoods are high in the nonlinear area. So only a small number of particles are needed to participate in the required computation. The experimental results demonstrate that this novel algorithm is more efficient than the standard RBPF.
Unlike triple-polarized antennas, dual-polarized antennas can be easily implemented into thickness limited devices and thus have received much attention recently. Dual-polarized antennas have the potential to double t...
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Unlike triple-polarized antennas, dual-polarized antennas can be easily implemented into thickness limited devices and thus have received much attention recently. Dual-polarized antennas have the potential to double the channel capacity in comparison with an omnidirectional single-input single-output (SISO) system. However, in real three-dimensional (3D) scenarios, dual-polarized antennas cannot capture the arriving power from the third polarization direction, which is orthogonal to the two-dimensional (2D) polarization plane. This will lead to power loss, which may significantly affect the resultant channel capacity. By proposing a novel two-sphere single-bounced geometry-based stochastic model (GBSM) and rigorously analyzing the change of polarization after single-bounced scattering, this paper studies the impact of the power loss on the channel capacity and specifies the conditions under which the channel capacity of dual-polarized systems is even worse than that of omnidirectional SISO systems. Not only that this is the first endeavor on this subject, but also this work is of practical importance in guiding appropriate deployment of dual-polarized antennas in real 3D indoor scenarios.
This paper proposes a new method for mobile robots to recognize places with the use of a single camera and natural landmarks. In the learning stage, the robot is manually guided along a path. Video sequences are captu...
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This paper proposes a new method for mobile robots to recognize places with the use of a single camera and natural landmarks. In the learning stage, the robot is manually guided along a path. Video sequences are captured with a front-facing camera. To reduce the perceptual alias of visual features, which are easily confused, we propose a modified visual feature descriptor which combines the dominant hue colour information with the local texture. A Location Features Vocabulary Model (LVFM) is established for each individual location using an unsupervised learning algorithm. During the course of travelling, the robot employs each detected interest point to vote for the most likely place. The spatial relationships between the locations, modelled by the Hidden Markov Model (HMM), are exploited to increase the robustness of location recognition in cases of dynamic change or visual similarity. The proposed descriptors are compared with several state-of-the-art descriptors including SIFT, colour SIFT, GLOH and SURF. Experiments show that both the LVFM based on the dominant Hue-SIFT feature and the spatial relationships between the locations contribute considerably to the high recognition rate.
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