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Development of the Low-carbon City Indicator (LCCI) Framework

Energy Procedia 2015年 75卷 2516-2522页

作者： Sieting Tan Jin Yang Jinyue Yan Faculty of Chemical Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 UTM Skudai Johor Malaysia School of Sustainable Development of Society and Technology Mälardalen University SE-72123 Västerås Sweden State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Royal Institute of TechnologySE-100 44 Stockholm Sweden

This paper proposes a 3-layer top-down indicator framework for the evaluation, implementation and standardization of low carbon cities (LCC). Layer 1 accounts for city carbon emission related indicators. Layer 2 expands the scope of layer 1 and probes into factors closely related to carbon emissions. Layer 3 focus on the implementation pathways. Specifically, we laid the focus on Layer 2 in this paper. An indicator system for the evaluation of LCC was established from the perspectives of economic, energy pattern, technology, social and living, carbon & environment, urban accessibility and waste. A comprehensive evaluation method was employed for city ranking in terms of low carbon level. The framework was then applied to 10 global cities to rank their low carbon levels. Results showed that the low carbon level of cities in Europe is much higher than that in Asia (Beijing) and America (New York) due to better environmental performance and infrastructure supports caused by less human activities.

关键词： Low-carbon city (LCC) indicator entropy weighting method ranking.

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Model-based design of a subsurface wetland for water quality improvement of the inflow river of Baiyangdian Lake, China

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Journal of environmental Accounting and Management 2014年第2期2卷 181-187页

作者： Xu, Fei Zhao, Yanwei Beijing Municipal Research Academy of Environmental Protection National Engineering Research Center for Urban Environmental Pollution Control Beijing 100037 China State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

The decline of water quality of the inflow river has direct negative impact on the ecological conditions of lake ecosystem. The design of subsurface wetlands was considered to be an effective method for improving the water quality of inflow rivers, especially reducing the excessive nutrients to alleviate eutrophication. A subsurface wetland was designed by applying the wetland model Subwet 2.0 for treating the polluted inflow river- Fu River of Baiyangdian Lake. The simulation scenarios concerning the changes of wetland area were designed to find out the treatment effect of the subsurface wetland. The variation trends of the effluent concentrations of BOD₅, ammonium, total nitrogen and total phosphorus for the scenarios had been obtained. The area and volume of the wetland which are the core design parameters have been determined through comparing the reduction percentages of the main pollutants under different design scenarios. The results showed that the simulation results in scenario 2 can simultaneously satisfy the conditions that the efficiencies of removal of total nitrogen and total phosphorus should reach to 90% in the Fu River and meanwhile less time, which is considered as the optimal design scheme. The area and volume should be set as 875m² and 525m³ to make the water quality standard of Fu River change from class V to class III, which could greatly control the eutrophication of Baiyangdian Lake. The method of wetland design based on model could reduce the uncertainties of traditional wetland design method and facilitate the water quality improvement of aquatic ecosystems. © 2014 L and H Scientific Publishing, LLC. All rights reserved.

关键词： Fu river Subsurface wetland design Subwet 2.0 Water quality improvement

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Ru(III) catalyzed permanganate oxidation of aniline at environmentally relevant pH

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2014年第7期26卷 1395-1402页

作者： Jing Zhang Ying Zhang Hui Wang Xiaohong Guan State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment Harbin Institute of Technology Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes Ministry of Education College of Environment Hohai University CSCEC AECOM Consultants Co. Ltd. Waters Co. State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University

Ru（Ⅲ） was employed as catalyst for aniline oxidation by permanganate at environmentally relevant pH for the first time. Ru（Ⅲ） could significantly improve the oxidation rate of aniline by 5-24 times with its concentration increasing from 2.5 to 15 μmol/L. The reaction of Ru（Ⅲ） catalyzed permanganate oxidation of aniline was first-order with respect to aniline, permanganate and Ru（Ⅲ）, respectively. Thus the oxidation kinetics can be described by a third-order rate law. Aniline degradation by Ru（Ⅲ） catalyzed permanganate oxidation was markedly influenced by pH, and the second-order rate constant （ktapp） decreased from 643.20 to 2.67 （mol/L）^-1 sec^-1 with increasing pH from 4.0 to 9.0, which was possibly due to the decrease of permanganate oxidation potential with increasing pH. In both the uncatalytic and catalytic permanganate oxidation, six byproducts of aniline were identified in UPLC-MS/MS analysis. Ru（Ⅲ）, as an electron shuttle, was oxidized by permanganate to Ru（Ⅵ） and Ru（Ⅶ）, which acted the co-oxidants for decomposition of aniline. Although Ru（Ⅲ） could catalyze permanganate oxidation of aniline effectively, dosing homogeneous Ru（Ⅲ） into water would lead to a second pollution. Therefore, efforts would be made to investigate the catalytic performance of supported Ru（Ⅲ） toward permanganate oxidation in our future study.

关键词： RutheniumCatalysisAnilineByproductElectron shuttle

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Bacterial Communities Associated with An Occurrence of Colored Water in An Urban Drinking Water Distribution System

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Biomedical and environmental Sciences 2014年第8期27卷 646-650页

作者： WU Hui Ting MI Zi Long ZHANG Jing Xu CHEN Chao XIE Shu Guang State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (MARC) Tsinghua University School of Environment Tsinghua University State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking University

This study aimed to investigate bacterial community in an urban drinking water distribution system （DWDS） during an occurrence of colored water. Variation in the bacterial community diversity and structure was observed among the different waters, with the predominance of Proteobacteria. While Verrucomicrobia was also a major phylum group in colored water. Limnobacter was the major genus group in colored water, but Undibacterium predominated in normal tap water. The coexistence of Limnobacter as well as Sediminibacterium and Aquobocterium might contribute to the formation of colored water.

关键词： Bacterial Communities Associated with An Occurrence of Colored Water in An Urban Drinking Water Distribution System

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Occurrence of estrogenic endocrine disrupting chemicals concern in sewage plant effluent

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Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2014年第1期8卷 18-26页

作者： Yan SUN Huang HUANG Ying SUN Chao WANG Xiaolei SHI Hongying HU Takashi KAMEYA Koichi FUJIE State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China 302 Military Hospital of China Beijing 100039 China Faculty of Science and Technology Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong Kong Hong Kong China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (MARC) Graduate School at Shenzhen Tsinghua University Shenzhen 518055 China Faculty of Environment and Information Sciences Yokohama National University Yokohama 240-8501 Japan

The purpose of this study was to give a worldwide overview of the concentrations of typical estrogenic endocrine disrupting chemicals （EDCs） in the effluent of sewage plants and then compare the concentra- tion distribution of the estrogenic EDCs in ten countries based on the survey data of the estrogenic EDCs research. The concentrations of three main categories （totally eight kinds） of estrogenic EDCs including steroidal estrogens （estrone （El）, estradiol （E2）, estriol （E3） and 17a- ethynylestradiol （EE2））, phenolic compounds （nonylphe- nol （NP） and bisphenol A （BPA）） and phthalate esters （dibutyl phthalate （DBP） and dibutyl phthalate （2- ethylhexyl） phthalate （DEHP）） in the effluents of sewage plants reported in major international journals over the past decade were collected. The statistics showed that the concentration distributions of eight kinds of EDCs were in the range of ng·L^-1 to μg·L^-1. The concentrations of steroidal estrogens mainly ranged within 50.00 ng. L-1, and the median concentrations of El, E2, E3 and EE2 were 11.00, 3.68, 4.90 and 1.00 ng·L^-1, respectively. Phenolic compounds and phthalate esters were found at pg. L-1 level （some individual values were at the high level of 40.00 μg·L^-1）. The median concentrations of BPA, NP, DBP and DEHP were 0.06, 0.55, 0.07 and 0.88 μg·L^-1, respectively. The concentrations of phenolic compounds and phthalate esters in the effluents were higher than that of steroids estrogens. The analysis of the concentration in various ten countries showed that steroids estrogens, phenolic compounds and phthalate esters in sewage plant effluents were detected with high concentration in Canada, Spain and China, respectively.

关键词： estrogenic endocrine disrupting chemicals,concentration distribution sewage plant

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Cover Picture: High-Performance Carbon Aerogel Air Cathodes for Microbial Fuel Cells (ChemSusChem 19/2016)

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ChemSusChem 2016年第19期9卷 2717-2717页

作者： Prof. Xiaoyuan Zhang Weihua He Dr. Rufan Zhang Qiuying Wang Prof. Peng Liang Prof. Xia Huang Prof. Bruce E. Logan Dr. Tim-Patrick Fellinger State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P.R.China State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment Harbin Institute of Technology No. 73 Huanghe Road Nangang District Harbin 150090 P.R.China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering Penn State University 231Q Sackett Building University Park PA 16802 USA Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces Am Mühlenberg 1 14476 Potsdam Germany

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Chemical characteristics of size-resolved aerosols in winter in Beijing

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2014年第8期26卷 1641-1650页

作者： Kang Sun Yu Qu Qiong Wu Tingting Han Jianwei Gu Jingjing Zhao Yele Sun Qi Jiang Ziqi Gao Min Hu Yuanhang Zhang Keding Lu Stephan Nordmann Yafang Cheng Li Hou Hui Ge Masami Furuuchi Mitsuhiko Hata Xingang Liu State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation School of EnvironmentBeijing Normal University College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking University State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Environmental Science Center University of Augsburg School of Foreign Languages China University of Political Science and Law School of Chemistry Beijing Normal University Multiphase Chemistry Department Max Planck Institute for Chemistry Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control Engineering Graduate School of Natural Science & TechnologyKanazawa University

Size-resolved aerosols were continuously collected by a Nano Sampler for 13 days at an urban site in Beijing during winter 2012 to measure the chemical composition of ambient aerosol particles. Data collected by the Nano Sampler and an ACSM（Aerodyne Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor） were compared. Between the data sets,similar trends and strong correlations were observed,demonstrating the validity of the Nano Sampler. PM10 and PM2.5concentrations during the measurement were 150.5 ± 96.0 μg/m3（mean ± standard variation）and 106.9 ± 71.6 μg/m3,respectively. The PM2.5/PM10 ratio was 0.70 ± 0.10,indicating that PM2.5dominated PM10. The aerosol size distributions showed that three size bins of 0.5–1,1–2.5 and 2.5–10 μm contributed 21.8%,23.3% and 26.0% to the total mass concentration（TMC）,respectively. OM（organic matter） and SIA（secondary ionic aerosol,mainly SO42-,NO3-and NH4＋） were major components of PM2.5. Secondary compounds（SIA and secondary organic carbon） accounted for half of TMC（about 49.8%） in PM2.5,and suggested that secondary aerosols significantly contributed to the serious particulate matter pollution observed in winter. Coal burning,biomass combustion,vehicle emissions and SIA were found to be the main sources of PM2.5. Mass concentrations of water-soluble ions and undetected materials,as well as their fractions in TMC,strikingly increased with deteriorating particle pollution conditions,while OM and EC（elemental carbon） exhibited different variations,with mass concentrations slightly increasing but fractions in TMC decreasing.

关键词： Aerosol Size distribution Chemical characteristics Beijing

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Analysis of CO 2 Emission for the Cement Manufacturing with Alternative Raw Materials: A LCA-based Framework

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Energy Procedia 2014年 61卷 2541-2545页

作者： Jieru Zhang Gengyuan Liu Bin Chen Dan Song Jing Qi Xinyu Liu State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

The cement industry is a significant CO 2 emitter mainly due to the calcinations of raw materials and the combustions of fuels. Some measures have been considered to reduce the CO 2 emissions in cement industry, of which alternative raw materials are the most efficient practicing way. In this study, a LCA-based CO 2 accounting framework with alternative raw materials was constructed to analyze the CO 2 emissions from concrete with different kinds of low carbon substitution, within which cement production process was divided into six stages associated with the environmental impacts. A better routine is expected to understand the environmental hazards of cement products and to optimize the design to reduce adverse environmental impacts.

关键词： Low carbon cement Alternative raw materials Life cycle analysis CO 2 emission.

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environmental Impact of Manwan Hydropower Plant on River Ecosystem Service

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Energy Procedia 2014年 61卷 2721-2724页

作者： Siyuan Yang Bin Chen State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

Hydropower plant has exerted impacts on the surrounding ecosystem when generating electricity for human society. In this paper, we conducted an ecological economic evaluation of the Manwan Hydropower Plant in the middle reach of Lancang River and quantified the variation of river ecosystem service functions. As the humankind benefits from a multitude of resources and processes that are supplied by river ecosystem and vice versa, river ecosystem services can be divided into two main parts, i.e., services and products. The evaluation results show that hydropower construction has impaired the function of river ecosystem services based on the quantitative analysis of both positive effects and negative effects. An indicator system was also established to evaluate the effects of hydropower construction in terms of ecosystem service valuation methods.

关键词： Hydropower plant ecosystem service value river ecosystem ecological cost

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Urban Studies Based on Emergy – A Review in Perspective of Causality

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Energy Procedia 2014年 61卷 2546-2549页

作者： Yi Lu Bin Chen State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

With the pressing environmental problems related to the urbanization process, the exploration for ecological flows and the hierarchical structure of urban system has aroused researchers’ preoccupations. Emergy as a type of embodied energy is therefore employed as a powerful tool to solve urban system modeling issues. This paper aims to delineate the recent progress of urban studies based on emergy, and casts back the threads in terms of Aristotelian causality. The applications of emergy to urban system can thereby be divided into four categories, which may provide a new perspective for the urban system planning and management.

关键词： Emergy analysis Urban system Aristotle Four causes

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