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Spatial variations of river water quality in Pearl River Delta, China

Frontiers of Earth Science 2012年第3期6卷 291-296页

作者： Xiaoyun FAN Baoshan CUI Zhiming ZHANG School of Environment Beijing Normal University State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution ControlBeijing 100875China

In Pearl River Delta （PRD）, river water quality has deteriorated gradually due to population increase and ongoing industrialization and urbanization. In this study, multivariate statistic methods were used to assess water quality spatial pattern and to identify characteristics of water quality variation in the PRD. Water quality monitoring of the PRD during the year 2005 and 2008 was conducted at 25 different stations. Seventeen water quality parameters were analyzed for further studying. Results of one-way analysis of variance （ANOVA） indicated that all the parameters except air temperature, water temperature and zinc showed significant difference among monitoring stations in both dry and wet season. Monitoring stations in the PRD were separately classified into three statistically significant clusters at （Olink/Omax）（ 2 in dry and wet season, respectively. The three clusters indicated the similarity and dissimilarity of river water quality among 25 monitoring stations, corresponding to heavy pollution, moderate pollution and slight pollution. Thus, the results of this study are useful to evaluate water quality and manage water resources in the PRD.

关键词： river water quality principal componentanalysis cluster analysis Pearl River Delta （PRD）

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Removal mechanisms of heavy metal pollution from urban runoff in wetlands

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2012年第4期6卷 433-444页

作者： Zhiming ZHANG Baoshan CUI Xiaoyun FAN School of Environment Beijing Normal University State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control Beijing 100875 China

Solid particles, particularly urban surface dust in urban environments contain large quantities of pollu- tants. It is considered that urban surface dust is a major pollution source of urban stormwater runoff. The storm- water runoffwashes away urban surface dust and dissolves pollutants adsorbed onto the dust and finally discharges into receiving water bodies. The quality of receiving water bodies can be deteriorated by the dust and pollutants in it. Polluted waters can be purified by wetlands with various physical, chemical, and biologic processes. These pro- cesses have been employed to treat pollutants in urban stormwater runoff for many years because purification of treatment wetlands is a natural process and a low-cost method. In this paper, we reviewed the processes involved during pollutants transport in urban environments. Parti- cularly, when the urban stormwater runoff enters into wetlands, their removal mechanisms involving various physical, chemical and biologic processes should been understood. Wetlands can remove heavy metals by absorbing and binding them and make them form a part of sediment. However, heavy metals can be released into water when the conditions changed. This information is important for the use of wetlands for removing of pollutants and reusing stormwater.

关键词： wetlands heavy metal stormwater rtmoff removal mechanisms

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Characteristics and Sources of Light Absorbing Water-soluble Organic Carbon in China

Characteristics and Sources of Light Absorbing Water-soluble...

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第四届全国大气边界层物理和大气化学学术研讨会

作者： Mei Zheng Caiqing Yan Min Hu Limin Zeng Yuanhang Zhang Yele Sun Zifa Wang State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing100871China State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric ChemistryInstitute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100029China

Organic carbonaceous aerosols were found to be light absorbing in the UV and near visible *** a high fraction of OC in PM2.5 and frequency haze in China,it’s important to study the light extinction caused by *** this work,optical properties of water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) in Beijing and Guangzhou were ***-segregated aerosol samples were collected by Micro-Orifice Uniform Deposit Impactor (MOUDI) in Beijing,and non-size-segregated samples were collected by high-volume samplers in *** samples were ultrasonic extracted and then measured by the UV-Visible *** parameters such as light absorption coefficient,mass absorption efficiency (MAE),absorption angstrom exponent (Ap) were calculated based on the light absorption spectra *** trajectories were displayed using Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYPLIST) to investigate relationship between light absorbing properties and air mass *** results demonstrated that light absorption by WSOC in Beijing and Guangzhou all exhibited strong wavelength (λ) dependence and varied approximately as λ-7 and λ-6,*** value was smaller in the fine mode in ***365 was peaked in the diameter 0.56-1 μ*** bulk mass absorption of WSOC (measured at 365nm) was 1.79±0.24 and 0.71±0.20 m2/g during winter and summer in Beijing,0.85±0.21 m2/g during autumn in Guangzhou,and 0.7±0.07 and 0.31±0.07 m2/g during summer with and without influence of biomass burning,indicating higher mass absorption ability in China than *** large discrepancy between different seasons and places might be attributed to difference in chemical compositions of WSOC and precursors of secondary organic aerosol,with more influence of anthropogenic volatile organic compounds in winter than other seasons,and also might be results from biomass burning *** study indicated light absorption by WSOC was ubiquitous in the at

关键词： light absorption WSOC source size distribution Beijing Guangzhou

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Effect of mechanical aeration on nitrogen and microbial activity in sediment-water interface from urban lake

Effect of mechanical aeration on nitrogen and microbial acti...

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2012 Asian Pacific Conference on Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development, APEESD 2012

作者： Chen, Jianjun Lu, Shaoyong Liao, Zaiyi Ai, Shichao Huang, Minsheng College of hydraulic and Environment Enginneering China three gorges university YiChang 443002 China Engineering and Technology Centre of Lake Research Centre of Lake Environment State Env. Protection Key Lab. for Lake Pollution Control State Key Lab. of Env. Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Env. Sciences Beijing 100012 China School of Resource and Environmental Sciences East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China

ISBN: (纸本)9783037855683

Aeration was one of the common techniques which were focused in environmental engineering research. In this study, experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of aeration on nitrogen (N) fractions and its transformation in the sediment-water interface from urban lake. In addition, we measured the dehydrogenase (DHA) and Chla content in surface sediment to detect the changes of the microbial activity. The aim is to explore the regulation of N migration and transformation in the water-sediment interface during the treatment work of lake pollution. By mechanical aeration, we control the DO content of the overlying water at the range of 1.2-1.5 kg/L, 2.5-4.5 mg/L and 6.1-6.2 mg/L. Results showed that DO in overlying water play a role to the variation of N in water-sediment interface. NH4+-N was the mainly N fraction released from sediment, the lower DO concentration (1.2-1.5 mg/L) in overlying water is favorable to the release of NH4+-N from sediment. Whether under aerobic or anaerobic condition, the releasing of NH4+-N from sediment were both higher than its consumption in the overlying water. The benthic microbial activity of the surface sediment (0-2 cm) was higher than that from bottom (6-8 cm). And the microbial activity in surface sediment was in optimum range when the overlying water DO content was about 2.5-4.5 mg/L. © (2013) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland.

关键词： Nitrogen

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Frontispiz: Point Decoration of Silicon Nanowires: An Approach Toward Single‐Molecule Electrical Detection

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Angewandte Chemie 2014年第20期126卷

作者： Jindong Wang Fangxia Shen Zhenxing Wang Gen He Jinwen Qin Nongyi Cheng Maosheng Yao Lidong Li Xuefeng Guo School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 (P. R. China) State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Science and Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 (P.R. China) Center for Nanochemistry Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 (P.R. China)

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Point Decoration of Silicon Nanowires: An Approach Toward Single‐Molecule Electrical Detection†

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Angewandte Chemie 2014年第20期126卷

Probing interactions of biological systems at the molecular level is of great importance to fundamental biology, diagnosis, and drug discovery. A rational bioassay design of lithographically integrating individual point scattering sites into electrical circuits is capable of realizing real‐time, label‐free biodetection of influenza H1N1 viruses with single‐molecule sensitivity and high selectivity by using silicon nanowires as local reporters in combination with microfluidics. This nanocircuit‐based architecture is complementary to more conventional optical techniques, but has the advantages of no bleaching problems and no fluorescent labeling. These advantages offer a promising platform for exploring dynamics of stochastic processes in biological systems and gaining information from genomics to proteomics to improve accurate molecular and even point‐of‐care clinical diagnosis.

关键词： Biosensoren Einzelmolekülstudien H1N1‐Antikörper Punktgenaue Dekoration Siliciumnanodrähte

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Estimation of energy-related carbon emissions in Beijing and factor decomposition analysis

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Ecological Modelling 2013年 252卷 258-265页

作者： Jinyun Zhang Yan Zhang Zhifeng Yang Brian D. Fath Shengsheng Li State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Beijing Normal University Xinjiekouwai Street No. 19 Beijing 100875 China Biology Department Towson University Towson MD USA Dynamic Systems Program International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Laxenburg Austria

We calculated energy-related carbon emissions from Beijing's production and household sectors in 1995, 2000, 2005, and 2009 based on the default carbon-emission coefficients provided by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Taking 1995–2000, 2000–2005, and 2005–2009 as the study periods, we decomposed the effects of changes in carbon emissions resulting from eight causal factors using the logarithmic mean divisia index method: economic activity and population size, which reflect the change in socioeconomic activity; energy intensity and energy consumption per capita, which reflect the change in the intensity of energy use; and economic structure, the urban and rural population distribution structure, and the energy mix of the production and household sectors, which reflect structural changes. We found that in all three study periods, the changes in economic activity, population size, and energy consumption per capita stimulated emissions, whereas the changes in energy intensity, the urban and rural population distribution structure, and the energy mix of the production and household sectors decreased emissions. In contrast, changes in the economic structure decreased emissions in the first and third periods, and increased emissions in the second period. Our results clearly indicate that under current practices, carbon emissions will increase as a result of rapid growth of the economy, the population, and the energy consumption per capita. In the future, the main routes to reduce carbon emissions will be to adjust the economic structure and energy mix, and to reduce the energy intensity of each sector.

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Microbial community and functional genes in the rhizosphere of alfalfa in crude oil-contaminated soil

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Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2012年第6期6卷 797-805页

作者： YiZHONG Jian WANG Yizhi SONG Yuting LIANG Guanghe LI School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

A rhizobox system constructed with crude oil- contaminated soil was vegetated with alfalfa （Medicago sativa L.） to evaluate the rhizosphere effects on the soil microbial population and functional structure, and to explore the potential mechanisms by which plants enhance the removal of crude oil in soil. During the 80-day experiment, 31.6% of oil was removed from the adjacent rhizosphere （AR）; this value was 27% and 53% higher than the percentage of oil removed from the far rhizosphere （FR） and from the non-rhizosphere （NR）, respectively. The populations of heterotrophic bacteria and hydrocarbon- degrading bacteria were higher in the AR and FR than in the NR. However, the removal rate of crude oil was positively correlated with the proportion of hydrocarbon- degrading bacteria in the rhizosphere. In total, 796, 731, and 379 functional genes were detected by microarray in the AR, FR, and NR, respectively. Higher proportions of functional genes related to carbon degradation and organic remediation, were found in rhizosphere soil compared with NR soil, suggesting that the rhizosphere selectively increased the abundance of these specific functional genes. The increase in water-holding capacity and decrease in pH as well as salinity of the soil all followed the order of AR 〉 FR 〉 NR. Canonical component analysis showed that salinity was the most important environmental factor influencing the microbial functional structure in the rhizosphere and that salinity was negatively correlated with the abundance of carbon and organic degradation genes.

关键词： crude oil-contaminated soil phytoremedia-tion rhizosphere effects rhizobox functional genes

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Frontispiece: Point Decoration of Silicon Nanowires: An Approach Toward Single-Molecule Electrical Detection

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Angewandte Chemie International Edition 2014年第20期53卷

作者： Jindong Wang Fangxia Shen Zhenxing Wang Gen He Jinwen Qin Nongyi Cheng Prof. Maosheng Yao Prof. Lidong Li Prof. Xuefeng Guo School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 (P. R. China) State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Science and Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 (P.R. China) Center for Nanochemistry Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 (P.R. China) Maosheng Yao State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Science and Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 (P.R. China)=== Lidong Li School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 (P. R. China)=== Xuefeng Guo Center for Nanochemistry Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 (P.R. China)===

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Degradation behavior of 17α-ethinylestradiol by ozonation in the synthetic secondary effluent

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2012年第2期24卷 228-233页

作者： Zheyun Zhang Hongtao Zhu Xianghua Wen Xiurong Si Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China School of Chemical ＆ Environmental Engineering China University of Mining and Technology Beijing 100083 China

Endocrine disrupting chemicals（EDCs） in the secondary effluent discharged from wastewater treatment plants（WWTPs） are of great concern in the process of water *** has been reported as a powerful oxidation technology to eliminate micropollutants in water *** to the complexity of the wastewater matrix,orthogonal experiments and single factor experiments were conducted to study the influence of operational parameters on the degradation of 17α-ethinylestradiol（EE2） in the synthetic secondary *** results of the orthogonal experiments indicated that the initial ozone and natural organic matter（NOM） concentration significantly affected EE2 degradation efficiency,which was further validated by the single factor confirmation ***2 was shown to be effectively degraded by ozonation in the conditions of low pH（6）,NOM（10 mg/L）,carbonate（50 mg/L）,but high suspended solid（20 mg/L） and initial ozone concentration（9 mg/L）.The study firstly revealed that the lower pH resulted in higher degradation of EE2 in the synthetic secondary effluent,which differed from EDCs ozonation behavior in pure ***2 degradation by ozone molecule instead of hydroxyl radical was proposed to play a key role in the degradation of EDCs by ozonation in the secondary *** ratio between O3 and TOC was identified as an appropriate index to assess the degradation of EE2 by ozonation in the synthetic secondary effluent.

关键词： ozonation EE2 pH natural organic matter secondary effluent

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