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An autotrophic nitrogen removal process:Short-cut nitrification combined with ANAMMOX for treating diluted effluent from an UASB reactor fed by landfill leachate

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2010年第5期22卷 777-783页

作者： Jie Liu Jian'e Zuo Tang Yang Shuquan Zhu Sulin Kuang Kaijun Wang Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Tsinghua University Beifing 100084 China School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering China University of Mining and Technology (Beifing) Beifing 100083 China Liulitun Sanitary Landfill Beijing 100094 China

A combined process consisting of a short-cut nitrification （SN） reactor and an anaerobic ammonium oxidation upflow anaerobic sludge bed （ANAMMOX） reactor was developed to treat the diluted effluent from an upflow anaerobic sludge bed （UASB） reactor treating high ammonium municipal landfill *** SN process was performed in an aerated upflow sludge bed （AUSB） reactor （working volume 3.05 L）,treating about 50% of the diluted raw *** ammonium removal efficiency and the ratio of NO 2 N to NOx-N in the effluent were both higher than 80%,at a maximum nitrogen loading rate of 1.47 kg/（m 3 ·day）.The ANAMMOX process was performed in an UASB reactor （working volume 8.5 L）,using the mix of SN reactor effluent and diluted raw wastewater at a ratio of 1：*** ammonium and nitrite removal efficiency reached over 93% and 95%,respectively,after 70-day continuous operation,at a maximum total nitrogen loading rate of 0.91 kg/（m 3 ·day）,suggesting a successful operation of the combined *** average nitrogen loading rate of the combined system was 0.56 kg/（m 3 ·day）,with an average total inorganic nitrogen removal efficiency 87%.The nitrogen in the effluent was mostly *** results provided important evidence for the possibility of applying SN-ANAMMOX after UASB reactor to treat municipal landfill leachate.

关键词： landfill leachate short-cut nitrification anaerobic ammonia oxidation autotrophic nitrogen removal

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Two improvement approaches on ecosystem services valuation

Two improvement approaches on ecosystem services valuation

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2010 International Conference on Mechanic Automation and control Engineering, MACE2010

作者： Li, Shengsheng Zhang, Yan Li, Yating State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424477388

Ecosystem services valuation is a widely accepted method to evaluating an ecosystem. And the similar calculating methods that different researchers adopt have a mutual shortage that it can not express the spatial differentiation of ecosystem. This article brings forward approaches to improve the method by eliminating area factor and adding structure character factor, especially emphasizing the significant effect of landscape pattern fragmentation. Additionally, a case study indicates that the improved method can get more abundant and more effective results than the original one. ©2010 IEEE.

关键词： Ecosystems

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High time resolution observation and statistical analysis of atmospheric light extinction properties and the chemical speciation of fine particulates

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Science China Chemistry 2010年第8期53卷 1801-1808页

作者： YAO TingTing1,HUANG XiaoFeng1,HE LingYan1,HU Min2,SUN TianLe1,XUE Lian1,LIN Yun1,ZENG LiWu1 & ZHANG YuanHang2 1key laboratory for Urban Habitat environmental Science and Technology,School of Environment and Energy,Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School,Shenzhen 518055,China 2state key Joint laboratory of environmental simulation and pollution control College of environmental Sciences and Engineering,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China 1. Key Laboratory for Urban Habitat Environmental Science and Technology School of Environment and Energy Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen 518055 China2. State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China

In recent years,the visibility deterioration caused by regional fine particulate pollution becomes one of the crucial air pollution problems in the urban areas of our *** rapid variation of visibility and fine particulates make it difficult to estimate the relationship between them precisely and accurately unless high time resolution observation data can be *** study aims to fill this gap in the field of atmospheric science by establishing a formula using multiple linear *** fitting goodness (R2=0.913,n=3167) was obtained using 10 min average of high-resolution real-time light scattering coefficients,light absorption coefficients,main chemical speciation concentration in PM1 and some meteorological parameters from 17 Jan to 16 Feb,*** shows that the average light extinction coefficient during the observation in the winter of Shenzhen was measured to be 290 ± 183 Mm?1,consisting of 72% of light scattering and 21% of *** terms of the percentage contribution of PM1 chemical species to the total light extinction,the organic matter was estimated to be most with an average of 45%,followed by ammonium sulfate with an average of 24%.The contributions of black carbon and ammonium nitrate were 17% and 12%,***,the diurnal variation of light extinction was investigated as well in this study.

关键词： light extinction PM1 chemical speciation high time resolution multiple linear regressions

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Heterogeneous reaction of NO_2 with sea salt particles

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Science China Chemistry 2010年第12期53卷 2652-2656页

作者： YE ChunXiang 1,LI HongJun 1,ZHU Tong 1,SHANG Jing 1,ZHANG ZeFeng 1,2 & ZHAO DeFeng 1 1 state key Joint laboratory of environmental simulation and pollution control College of environmental Sciences and Engineering,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China 2 College of Atmospheric Physics,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044,China 1. State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China2. College of Atmospheric Physics Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing 210044 China

To understand how NO2 reacts with sea salt particles in the atmosphere of Mega-cities in coastal zones,the heterogeneous reaction of NO2 on the surface of wet sea salt was investigated with diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) and ion chromatography (IC).Kinetic measurements indicated that nitrate formation on sea salt was second order in NO 2 concentration and reactive uptake coefficients were (5.51 ± 0.19) × 10-7 and 1.26 × 10-6 respectively under 0% and 20% relative humidity (RH) at NO 2 molecular concentration of 1.96 × 1015 mol/*** results showed that liquid water was formed at the site of MgCl2·6H2O,CaCl2·2H2O on the surface of sea salt and made the reaction more sustainable by releasing hydrated water and absorbing water from air even under a low RH (30%).Therefore,pure NaCl particles should not be used to represent sea salt in studies of the heterogeneous reaction with NO2.

关键词： sea salt particles diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) hydrated water absorbed water reactive uptake coefficient

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Fuzzy synthetic model for risk assessment on Haihe River basin

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Ecotoxicology (London, England) 2011年第5期20卷 1131-40页

作者： Jingling Liu Qiuying Chen Yongli Li Zhifeng Yang State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environmental Beijing Normal University NO.19 Xinjiekouwaida Street Haidian District Beijing 100875 China. Jingling@***

A comprehensive indicator model for risk assessment and a multiple-level theoretical indicator system of the water quality-quantity-ecosystem (WQQE) for the Haihe River basin were constructed in this research. A fuzzy optimization model was used to assess risks for the four water systems of the Haihe River basin, and their risk order from high to lower risk was southern Haihe River system (SH), northern Haihe River system (NH), Tuhaimajiahe River system (TH) and Luanjiyanhai River system (LJ). The highest risk value (SH) was 0.8737. In terms of the WQQE, the secondary parameters for assessment of the four water system risks were 0.3579, 0.7226, 0.9547, and 0.5428 respectively. The results indicated that the main control factors for pollution for LJ, TH, SH and NH differed from each other and involved pollutant level, development of water resources, water flow and quality, ecosystem health and the hydrologic structure.

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Size and composition distributions of fine particulate matter near a major road in Beijing, China

Size and composition distributions of fine particulate matte...

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作者： Song, Shaojie Wu, Ye Yang, Liu Fu, Xiao Hao, Jiming Department of Environmental Science and Engineering State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

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Ecological risk assessment of water environment for luanhe river basin based on relative risk model

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Ecotoxicology 2010年第8期19卷 1400-1415页

作者： Liu, Jingling Chen, Qiuying Li, Yongli State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China Henan Bureau of Hydrogeology and Water Resource Zhengzhou 450003 China

The relative risk model (RRM) was applied in regional ecological risk assessments successfully. In this study, the RRM was developed through increasing the data of risk source and introducing the source-stressor-habitat exposure filter (SSH), the endpoint-habitat exposure filter (EH) and the stressor-endpoint effect filter (SE) to reflect the meaning of exposure and effect more explicit. Water environment which include water quality, water quantity and aquatic ecosystems was selected as the ecological risk assessment endpoints. The Luanhe River Basin located in the North China was selected as model case. The results showed that there were three low risk regions, one medium risk region and two high risk regions in the Luanhe River Basin. The results also indicated habitat destruction was the largest stressor with the risk scores as high as 11.87 for the Luanhe water environment, the second was oxygen consuming organic pollutants (9.28) and the third was nutrients (7.78). So these three stressors were the main influencing factors of the ecological pressure in the study area. Furthermore, animal husbandry was the biggest source with the risk scores as high as 20.38, the second was domestic sewage (14.00), and the third was polluting industry (9.96). For habitats, waters and farmland were enduring the bigger pressure and should be taken considerable attention. Water deterioration and ecological service values damaged were facing the biggest risk pressure, and secondly was biodiversity decreased and landscape fragmentation. © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2010.

关键词： Ecological risk assessment Luanhe River Basin Relative risk model Risk score

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Research on the Eco-city Index System Based on the City Classification

Research on the Eco-city Index System Based on the City Clas...

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The 4th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering(第四届IEEE生物信息与生物医学工程国际会议 iCBBE 2010)

作者： Shengsheng Li Yating Li Yan Zhang Naijin Yang State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment

Due to the different ecological characteristics of the cities, the current national standard can not normalize the ecocity construction in China. To solve this problem, this paper puts forward a new method to set up different index systems based on the classification of cities, i.e., represent the generality of the cities by a set of common indices for comparison;classify various cities by a set of characteristic indices for identification of cities of the same type;and finally, specialize each city with several additional feature indices. This paper also presents the cityclassification and the common and characteristic indices that are suitable for Chinese cities, as well as examples of the feature indices for specific city.

关键词： Cities and towns Humans Cultural differences Biological system modeling pollution control Electronic mail Conference management Ecosystems Production Sustainable development

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Identification of secondary organic aerosols based on aerosol mass spectrometry

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Science China Chemistry 2010年第12期53卷 2593-2599页

作者： HUANG XiaoFeng 1,ZHAO QianBiao 1,2,HE LingYan 1,HU Min 2,BIAN QiJing 3,XUE Lian 1 & ZHANG YuanHang 2 1 key laboratory for Urban Habitat environmental Science and Technology School of Environment and Energy,Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School,Shenzhen 518055,China 2 state key Joint laboratory of environmental simulation and pollution control College of environmental Sciences and Engineering,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China 3 Division of Environment,Hong Kong University of Science & Technology,Hong Kong,China 1. Key Laboratory for Urban Habitat Environmental Science and Technology School of Environment and Energy Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen 518055 China2. State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China3. Division of Environment Hong Kong University of Science & Technology Hong Kong China

Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) is one of the major components of aerosols in the atmosphere and has not been well understood so *** to the complex chemical composition of organic aerosols,the identification of SOA has been a hotspot and difficult issue in the field of aerosol *** study attempts to quantitatively identify SOA in winter of Shenzhen based on positive matrix factorization (PMF) *** sources were resolved and SOA was identified subsequently according to the characteristic ion fragments measured by highly time-resolved aerosol mass spectrometer *** showed that in the winter of Shenzhen the average SOA concentration was 9.41±6.33 g/m 3,accounting for 39.9±21.8% of the total organic *** with primary organic aerosol (POA),the SOA concentrations had no large variation,suggestive of characteristics of regional secondary *** ratio of SOA/BC had pronounced diurnal variation,similar to that of O x (O3+NO2),indicating SOA formation was significantly controlled by activity of photochemistry in the *** most effective period for SOA formation was from 9 am～3 pm since the SOA/BC ratio increased by 122% during this *** study provides a new technical method and a new idea for SOA investigation.

关键词： secondary organic aerosol aerosol mass spectrometry positive matrix factorization (PMF)

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Integrated water resource security evaluation of Beijing based on grey relation analysis and TOPSIS

Integrated water resource security evaluation of Beijing bas...

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5th Biennial Conference of the International environmental Modelling and Software Society: Modelling for Environment's Sake, iEMSs 2010

作者： Dai, Jing Chi, Jingjing Chen, Bin Ju, Liping State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China State Key Laboratory of Turbulence and Complex Systems Peking University Beijing 100871 China

ISBN: (纸本)9788890357411

Security evaluation has become a hot topic in the research field of water resource management. In this paper, we established a novel water resource security indicator system based on the Pressure-Status-Response (PSR) framework using grey relation analysis and technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS). A case study of Beijing from 1996 to 2007 was conducted to verify the evaluation system. Results showed that the grey relative closeness degrees of water resource security to the positive ideal solution were low, with the least one of 0.360 in 1999 and largest one of 0.527 in 2007, implying that Beijing was facing severer challenges with water resources during the concerned time. Also, the analysis of water resource security indicated that the pressure of water resource was constantly increasing. Finally, factor analysis was employed to calculate the grey relation degrees of evaluating indices with the ideal solutions so as to reveal the relativity of water resource security of Beijing, which may contribute to a better understanding of the urban water resource management and regulation.

关键词： Factor analysis

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