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Surrogate-Assisted Multiobjective Gene Selection for Cell Classification from Large-Scale Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Data

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IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation 2025年

作者： Lin, Jianqing He, Cheng Jiang, Hanjing Huang, Yabing Jin, Yaochu Huazhong University of Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Image Information Processing and Intelligent Control of Education Ministry of China School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Wuhan430074 China Huazhong University of Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Wuhan430074 China Renmin Hospital Department of Pathology Wuhan University Wuhan430060 China Westlake University Trustworth and General Artificial Intelligence Laboratory School of Engineering Hangzhou310030 China

Accurate cell classification is crucial but expensive for large-scale single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis. Gene selection (GS) emerges as a pivotal technique in identifying gene subsets of scRNA-seq for classification accuracy improvement and gene scale reduction. Nevertheless, the rising scale of scRNA-seq data presents challenges to existing GS methods regarding performance and computational time. Thus, we propose a surrogate-assisted evolutionary algorithm for multiobjective GS to address these deficiencies. An innovative two-phase initialization method is proposed to select sparse solutions to provide preliminary insights into gene contributions. Then, a binary competitive swarm optimizer is proposed for effective global search, where a local search method is embedded to eliminate irrelevant genes for efficiency consideration. Additionally, a surrogate model is adopted to forecast classification accuracy efficiently and substitutes part of the computationally expensive classification process. Experiments are conducted on eight large-scale scRNA-seq datasets with more than 20,000 genes. The effectiveness of the proposed GS method for scRNA-seq cell classification compared with eight state-of-the-art methods is validated. Gene expression analysis results of selected genes further validated the significance of the genes selected by the proposed method in the classification of scRNA-seq data. © 1997-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Gene expression

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Boosting oxygen evolution of LiCoO2 electrocatalysts via lithium defect

Materials Today Catalysis

引用

Materials Today Catalysis 2025年 8卷

作者： Li, Huamei Li, Mengyuan Liao, Lingling Yang, Han Xiang, Kun Luo, Guoqiang Xie, Mingjiang School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Engineering Research Center of Phosphorus Resources Development and Utilization of Ministry of Education Wuhan Institute of Technology Wuhan430205 China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan430070 China Hubei Key Lab for Processing and Application of Catalytic Materials College of Chemical Engineering Huanggang Normal University Huanggang438000 China

The challenge of the complex oxygen evolution reaction (OER) currently impedes the efficient production of hydrogen via electrolytic water splitting. To address this issue, the development and improvement of effective electrocatalysts are required. LiCoO2, a key material in lithium-ion batteries, has shown promising potential as an electrocatalyst for electrochemical energy conversion. However, OER catalysts derived from LiCoO2 have faced obstacles such as high overpotential and a complicated preparation process. In this study, the preparation method is adjusted to optimize the synthesis of Li1-xCoO2 with a defective structure, resulting in an impressive overpotential of only 290 mV at a current density of 100 mA cm−2 and a remarkable Tafel slope of 15.2 mV dec−1. The exceptional catalytic activity of Li1-xCoO2 can be attributed to the absence of Li, which triggers oxidative alterations in the electronic structure of Co. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that Li defects can influence the d-band center of active Co sites, enhancing the adsorption capabilities of Co sites towards *OOH intermediates and increasing the conductivity of the electrocatalyst during the OER process. These alterations improve the velocity of the crucial step in the reaction, ultimately boosting the catalyst's overall performance and efficiency. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries

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Sym- and Asym-Expanded Heterohelicene Isomers Featuring Extended Multi-Resonance Skeleton for Narrowband Deep-Blue Fluorescence

引用

Angewandte Chemie - International Edition 2025年第13期64卷

作者： Zeng, Xuan Luo, Xiaofeng Meng, Guoyun Wang, Xuewen Zhang, Dongdong Duan, Lian School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Life Science State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan430070 China Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory Xianhu hydrogen Valley Foshan528200 China Center for Flexible Electronics Technology Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

Expanded heterohelicenes composed of alternating linearly and angularly fused multi-resonance (MR) skeletons have gained wide interest owing to their promising narrowband emissions. Herein, a pair of sym- and asym-expanded heterohelicene isomers was obtained by merging boron/oxygen (B/O)-embedded MR triangulene and indolo[3,2,1-jk]carbazole units via one-pot synthesis. Owing to their fully resonating extended helical skeleton, the target heterohelicenes exhibit a significantly narrowed spectra bandwidth while emission red-shifting, thus affording deep-blue narrowband emission with a peak at approximately 460 nm, full-width-at-half-maximum (FWHM) of only 18 nm, and near-unity photoluminescence quantum yields. In comparison to the symmetrical structure, the asym-expanded heterohelicene displays suppressed aggregation within doped films, thereby showing superior narrowband electroluminescence in devices with CIE coordinates of (0.12, 0.18) and a high external quantum efficiency of up to 25 %, which retains 18.1 % even at a high luminance of 10,000 cd m−1. Overall, this work provides a novel paradigm for the development of narrowband expanded heterohelicenes. © 2025 Wiley-VCH GmbH.

关键词： Electroluminescence

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Minimizing transformer inference overhead using controlling element on Shenwei AI accelerator

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Frontiers of Information technology & Electronic engineering 2025年第4期26卷 605-622页

作者： Zhao, Yulong Wu, Chunzhi Wang, Yizhuo Zhang, Lufei Zhang, Yaguang Shen, Wenyuan Fan, Hao Fang, Hankang Qin, Yi Liu, Xin State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing Wuxi China School of Non-Commissioned Officer Space Engineering University Beijing China National Supercomputing Center in Wuxi Wuxi China Zhejiang Lab Hangzhou China National Research Centre of Parallel Computer Engineering and Technology Beijing China

Transformer models have become a cornerstone of various natural language processing (NLP) tasks. However, the substantial computational overhead during the inference remains a significant challenge, limiting their deployment in practical applications. In this study, we address this challenge by minimizing the inference overhead in transformer models using the controlling element on artificial intelligence (AI) accelerators. Our work is anchored by four key contributions. First, we conduct a comprehensive analysis of the overhead composition within the transformer inference process, identifying the primary bottlenecks. Second, we leverage the management processing element (MPE) of the Shenwei AI (SWAI) accelerator, implementing a three-tier scheduling framework that significantly reduces the number of host-device launches to approximately 1/10 000 of the original PyTorch-GPU setup. Third, we introduce a zero-copy memory management technique using segment-page fusion, which significantly reduces memory access latency and improves overall inference efficiency. Finally, we develop a fast model loading method that eliminates redundant computations during model verification and initialization, reducing the total loading time for large models from 22 128.31 ms to 1041.72 ms. Our contributions significantly enhance the optimization of transformer models, enabling more efficient and expedited inference processes on AI accelerators.

关键词： Fast model loading Three-tier scheduling TP181 Transformer inference optimization Zero-copy memory management

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A Profit-Sharing Mechanism for Coordinated Power-Traffic System

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2025年

作者： Sima, Tianyu Yan, Mingyu Wen, Jianfeng Luo, Wensheng Malinowski, Mariusz State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics University of Liverpool LiverpoolL69 3GJ United Kingdom School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin150001 China Institute of Control and Industrial Electronics Warsaw University of Technology Warsaw Poland

During the scheduling process, the traffic network operator (TNO) and the distribution network operator (DNO) act non-cooperatively. Under the TNO's management, the distribution of charging loads may exacerbate the local supply-demand imbalance in the power distribution network (PDN), which negatively impacts the economic operation of the PDN. This paper proposes a profit-sharing mechanism based on the principle of incentive compatibility for coordinating the traffic network (TN) and the PDN to minimize the operation cost of PDN. Under this mechanism, the scheduling process of the power-traffic system is divided into two stages. At the pre-scheduling stage, the TNO allocates traffic flow and charging loads without considering the operation of the PDN, after which the DNO schedules and obtains the original cost. At the rescheduling stage, the DNO shares part of benefits of the optimal operation to the TNO to re-dispatch the EVs’ charging to obtain a more effective charging plan, thus minimize the overall cost of PDN. Then, a bilevel model is developed to simulate the operation of the power-traffic system with the proposed sharing scheme and identify the best sharing ratio. Finally, numerical results demonstrate that the PDN can achieve the minimum total cost and simultaneously the TN can also benefit from the proposed profit-sharing mechanism. © 2025, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Profitability

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Design of the high voltage isolation transmission module with low delay for ECRH system on J-TEXT

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Plasma Science and technology 2018年第2期20卷 19-25页

作者：马海燕夏冬辉王之江崔芳泰余振雄金易坤刘昌海 State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology

As a flexible auxiliary heating method,the electron cyclotron resonance heating（ECRH） has been widely used in many tokamaks and also will be applied for the J-TEXT *** meet requirements of protection and fault analysis for the ECRH system on J-TEXT,signals of gyrotrons such as the cathode voltage and current,the anode voltage and current,etc should be transmitted to the control and data acquisition *** the high voltage environment of gyrotrons,isolation transmission module based on FPGA and optical fiber communication has been designed and *** test results indicate that the designed module has strong anti-noise ability,low error rate and high transmission *** delay of the module is no more than 5 μs which can fulfill the requirements.

关键词： J-TEXT tokamak electron cyclotron resonance heating high-voltage isolation

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Traceability Method of Measuring System for Arbitrary High-Voltage and High-Current Impulses

引用

IEEE Sensors Journal 2025年

作者： Yang, Ning Liu, Yi Lin, Mingxing Li, Liuxia Lin, Fuchang Long, Zhaozhi Diao, Yinglong Li, Wenting Fan, Jiawei Huazhong University of Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Wuhan 430074 China Huazhong University of Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Pulse Power Technology Ministry of Education School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Wuhan 430074 China State Grid Sichuan Electric Power Company Chengdu 610041 China China Electric Power Research Institute 430072 China

High-voltage and high-current impulse waveforms, characterized by a diverse frequency spectrum, pose challenges for accurate traceability to national standards. Traditional methods for tracing impulse quantities to a single-frequency measurement standard are not universally applicable. This paper introduces a novel approach that establishes a general traceability method by mapping the impulse scale factor to a multi-frequency AC scale factor based on the energy spectrum, enabling indirect traceability to the power frequency standard under high-voltage or high-current conditions. A full-waveform inversion method is employed that integrates the frequency spectrum of measured impulse waveforms using fast Fourier transform (FFT) with the frequency response characteristics of the measuring system, which are determined through convolution based on square wave responses. This approach facilitates traceability of time parameters for arbitrary impulse waveforms. Experimental results demonstrate that the resistive impulse voltage divider's scale factor uncertainties at low and high voltages are 3.100×10^-4 and 1.344×10^-3, respectively. Additionally, the uncertainties for the T₁ and T₂ parameters of the inverted waveform of the attenuator are within 0.45% and 0.03%, respectively. These findings validate the effectiveness of our traceability theory. © 2001-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Fourier analysis full-waveform inversion High-voltage and high-current impulses Parseval's theorem traceability

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Equilibrium Reconstruction and Integration of EFIT with Diagnoses in J-TEXT Tokamak

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Plasma Science and technology 2016年第12期18卷 1225-1230页

作者：高海龙徐涛张帆简翔张晓卿杨州军高丽江中和庄革 State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology

The EFIT program is integrated with the high resolution laser polarimeter interferometer system（POLARIS）, the soft X-ray imaging diagnostic system（SXR） and the electron cyclotron emission radiometer（ECE） in the J-TEXT tokamak. Then some internal information about Faraday angle and the position of safety factor q=1 can be obtained as a constraint to EFIT. The modified EFIT code is used to calculate the internal parameters such as flux function, safety factor q, pressure and current density.

关键词： EFIT equilibrium reconstruction diagnoses

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Mode-Coupling Analysis of Parametric Decay Instability in Magnetized Plasmas

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Plasma Science and technology 2014年第9期16卷 809-814页

作者：袁媛江中和郭伟欣孙新锋胡希伟 State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology

In this paper, derived from Maxwell and fluid equations of plasmas, unified nonlinear wave equations are used to describe the parametric decay instability （PDI） in magnetized plasmas, and in view of mode-coupling, we can obtain all the possible PDI channels. By solving the nonlinear equations with a mode-coupling method, we obtain the growth rate of the PDI, of which all of the three waves are ordinary mode （O-mode） or extraordinary mode （X-mode） wave. Under the dipole approximation, an explicit formula of the growth rate of the X-mode and the condition of the equilibrium density scale are obtained. According to the existence conditions of three X-mode waves, this kind of instability might exist in ECRH with the second harmonic X-mode wave.

关键词： magnetized plasma parametric decay instability mode-coupling theory,growth rate

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Effects of Boundary Current on electromagnetic Dispersion Characteristics for a Relativistic Electron Beam

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Plasma Science and technology 2016年第1期18卷 51-57页

作者：肖集雄曾中夏冬辉王之江刘昌海 State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology

With betatron oscillation characteristics of the electron beam and ion channel effect taken into account,dispersion characteristics of electrostatic modes and TM modes for a relativistic electron beam guided by ion channel are *** relations are derived and solved numerically to investigate the dependence of the dispersion characteristics for electrostatic modes and TM modes on the betatron oscillation frequency and the ratio of the relativistic electron beam radius to the waveguide *** effects of the boundary current on the dispersion characteristic of the TM modes and the interaction between the betatron modes and TM modes are *** considering the boundary current,for a strong ion channel,a new low-frequency branch of the TM modes arises and the interaction frequency between the betatron modes and the TM01modes is increased with the same parameters.

关键词： dispersion characteristics electromagnetic eigenmodes betatron oscillation ion channel

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