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The 2022 report of synergetic roadmap on carbon neutrality and clean air for China:Accelerating transition in key sectors

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第3期19卷 4-18页

作者： Yu Lei Zhicong Yin Xi Lu Qiang Zhang Jicheng Gong Bofeng Cai Cilan Cai Qimin Chai Huopo Chen Renjie Chen Shi Chen Wenhui Chen Jing Cheng Xiyuan Chi Hancheng Dai Xiangzhao Feng Guannan Geng Jianlin Hu Shan Hu Cunrui Huang Tiantian Li Wei Li Xiaomei Li Jun Liu Xin Liu Zhu Liu Jinghui Ma Yue Qin Dan Tong Xuhui Wang Xuying Wang Rui Wu Qingyang Xiao Yang Xie Xiaolong Xu Tao Xue Haipeng Yu Da Zhang Ning Zhang Shaohui Zhang Shaojun Zhang Xian Zhang Xin Zhang Zengkai Zhang Bo Zheng Yixuan Zheng Jian Zhou Tong Zhu Jinnan Wang Kebin He Center of Air Quality Simulation and System Analysis Chinese Academy of Environmental PlanningBeijing100041China Center for Carbon Neutrality Chinese Academy of Environmental PlanningBeijing100041China Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change(ILCEC)/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters(CIC-FEMD)Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing210044China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China Institute for Carbon Neutrality Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modelling Department of Earth System ScienceTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China State Key Joint Laboratory for Environment Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering and Center for Environment and HealthPeking UniversityBeijing100871China National Center for Climate Change Strategy and International CooperationBeijing100035China Nansen-Zhu International Research Centre Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100029China School of Public Health Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment of the Ministry of HealthFudan UniversityShanghai200032China School of Economics and Management Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China Department of Earth System Science University of CaliforniaIrvineCA92697USA National Meteorological Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing100081China College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing100871China Policy Research Center for Environment and Economy Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of ChinaBeijing100029China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring

China is now confronting the intertwined challenges of air pollution and climate *** the high synergies between air pollution abatement and climate change mitigation,the Chinese government is actively promoting synergetic control of these two *** Synergetic Roadmap project was launched in 2021 to track and analyze the progress of synergetic control in China by developing and monitoring key *** Synergetic Roadmap 2022 report is the first annual update,featuring 20 indicators across five aspects:synergetic governance system and practices,progress in structural transition,air pollution and associated weather-climate interactions,sources,sinks,and mitigation pathway of atmospheric composition,and health impacts and benefits of coordinated *** to the comprehensive review presented in the 2021 report,the Synergetic Roadmap 2022 report places particular emphasis on progress in 2021 with highlights on actions in key sectors and the relevant *** milestones include the proportion of non-fossil power generation capacity surpassing coal-fired capacity for the first time,a decline in the production of crude steel and cement after years of growth,and the surging penetration of electric ***,in 2022,China issued the first national policy that synergizes abatements of pollution and carbon emissions,marking a new era for China's pollution-carbon *** changes highlight China's efforts to reshape its energy,economic,and transportation structures to meet the demand for synergetic control and sustainable ***,the country has witnessed a slowdown in carbon emission growth,improved air quality,and increased health benefits in recent years.

关键词： Synergetic roadmap Carbon neutrality Clean air

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Pattern analysis of future HVDC grid development

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Zhongguo Dianji Gongcheng Xuebao/Proceedings of the Chinese Society of Electrical Engineering 2014年第34期34卷 6007-6020页

作者： Yao, Liangzhong Wu, Jing Wang, Zhibing Li, Yan Lu, Zongxiang China Electric Power Research Institute Haidian District Beijing100192 China State Key Lab of Control and Simulation of Power Systems and Generation Equipments Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Haidian District Beijing100084 China

The development of high voltage direct current (HVDC) grid is an effective approach to implement the large-scale long-distance power transmission, the large-scale renewable energy integration and accommodation, and the safe and stable operation of the interconnected AC grids. This paper reviewed the latest research progresses of DC transmission technologies, summarized the characteristics of DC grid, and discussed the current research status of DC grid. Then a typical topology of HVDC grid considering the integration of large-scale renewable generations over different regions was proposed. The technical requirements of such a HVDC grid was studied and refined accordingly. Furthermore, new types of key equipment, new control and protection technologies, reliability evaluation methods and standard system of such a HVDC grid were analyzed and the present research foundations and the future research directions of these relevant technologies were stated. It provides a technical reference for future research and construction of the DC grid in China. © 2014 Chin. Soc. for Elec. Eng.

关键词： HVDC power transmission

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Test and Analysis of Conducted Disturbance Sources of the Truck Crane under Stable Conditions

Test and Analysis of Conducted Disturbance Sources of the Tr...

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International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility

作者： Li Xiao Zhanqing Yu Shuiming Chen Bo Zhang Rong Zeng Chijie Zhuang Yang Zeng Xiaoying Yu Qian Zhang State Key Lab of Control and Simulation of Power Systems and Generation Equipment Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Research Institute Zoomlion Heavy Industry Science & Technology Development Co. Ltd.

ISBN: (纸本)9781467307185

The Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) is a major issue for the truck crane designing, due to the large dimension. The conducted disturbance sources of truck crane was measured under stable conditions, the time domain characteristics of possible conducted disturbance sources was analyzed, and typical waveforms were concluded to solve the EMC (Electromagnetic Compatibility) issue. The electromagnetic disturbance characteristics at different test points under different operation conditions were compared, and the influence of different factors was studied. The amplitude and frequency parameters of the major disturbance sources were compared with the standard immunity test pulses suggested by ISO7637-2. The differences between them indicate that the extant standard might not apply to the test of the truck crane. The presented results could form a basis for the development of a special standard for the EMC test of the truck crane and further relevant EMC research.

关键词： Truck crane EMC Conducted disturbance source Time domain characteristics Electromagnetic immunity test

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The diversity and ecological significance of microbial traits potentially involved in B_(12) biosynthesis in the global ocean

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mLife 2023年第4期2卷 416-427页

作者： Jiayin Zhou Wei Qin Xinda Lu Yunfeng Yang David Stahl Nianzhi Jiao Jizhong Zhou Jihua Liu Qichao Tu Institute of Marine Science and Technology Shandong UniversityQingdaoChina Joint Lab for Ocean Research and Education at Dalhousie University Shandong University and Xiamen UniversityQingdaoChina School of Biological Sciences University of OklahomaNormanOklahomaUSA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMassachusettsUSA State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA Institute of Marine Microbes and Ecospheres Xiamen UniversityXiamenChina Earth and Environmental Sciences Lawrence Berkeley NationalLaboratoryBerkeley CaliforniaUSA Institutefr Environmental Genomics University of OklahomaNormanOklahomaUSA School of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences University of OklahomaNormanOklahomaUSA School of Computer Sciences University of OklahomaNormanOklahomaUSA DermBiont Inc. BostonMassachusettsUSA

Cobalamin(B_(12)),an essential nutrient and growth cofactor for many living organisms on Earth,can be fully synthesized only by selected prokaryotes in ***,microbial communities related to B_(12) biosynthesis could serve as an example subsystem to disentangle the underlying ecological mechanisms balancing the function and taxonomic make-up of complex functional *** anchoring microbial traits potentially involved in B_(12) biosynthesis,we depict the biogeographic patterns of B_(12) biosynthesis genes and the taxa harboring them in the global ocean,despite the limitations of detecting de novo B_(12) synthesizers via metagenomes *** the taxonomic and functional composition of B_(12) biosynthesis genes were strongly shaped by depth,differentiating the epipelagic zones from the mesopelagic *** genes related to B_(12) biosynthesis were relatively stably distributed across different oceans,but the taxa harboring them varied considerably,showing clear functional redundancy among microbial *** taxa carrying B_(12) biosynthesis genes in the surface water were influenced by environmental factors such as temperature,oxygen,and ***,the composition of functional genes was only weakly associated with these environmental *** model analyses demonstrated that determinism governed the variations in B_(12) biosynthesis genes,whereas a higher degree of stochasticity was associated with taxonomic *** associations were observed between the chlorophyll a concentration and B_(12) biosynthesis,confirming its importance in primary production in the global *** results of this study reveal an essential ecological mechanism governing the assembly of microbes in nature:the environment selects for function rather than taxonomy;functional redundancy underlies stochastic community assembly.

关键词： B_(12)biosynthesis community assembly functional genes functional redundancy ocean primary production

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Impedance fault location algorithm for UHV long transmission lines with single-line-to-ground faults

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Dianli Xitong Zidonghua/Automation of Electric Power Systems 2008年第14期32卷 25-29页

作者： Wang, Bin Dong, Xinzhou Bo, Zhiqian Klimek, Andrew State Key Lab. of Control and Simulation of Power Systems and Generation Equipments Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China AREVA T and D Automation Co. Stafford ST17 4LX United Kingdom

Ultra-high-voltage (UHV) transmission lines (over 750 kV) normally have larger shunt capacitance and longer transmission radius, which impose limitations of direct application of traditional impedance algorithm. A novel impedance fault location algorithm is proposed for UHV transmission lines with single-line-to-ground faults due to higher voltage level than 750 kV. It is based on the precondition that the negative sequence current phase at meter location can precisely describe the phase information of negative current in fault path or fault voltage. The algorithm is immune to the influence of shunt capacitance with distributed parameters modeling for transmission line, and is not disturbed by fault resistance with fault location calculation at zero-crossing point of voltage at fault point. Theoretical analysis and simulation prove that the proposed method can guarantee good fault location accuracy, and fulfill the requirements in the field.

关键词： Electric lines

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Selective Separation of Volatile Fatty Acids, Nitrogen and Phosphorus from Anaerobic Acidogenic Fermentation Via Forward Osmosis Membrane Process

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Zhu, Xian-Zheng Wang, Long-Fei Pan, Xin-Rong Zhang, Feng Huang, Min-Sheng Li, Wen-Wei Liu, Hou-Qi National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou215009 China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences East China Normal University Shanghai200062 China Suzhou Advanced Research Institute University of Science and Technology of China Suzhou215123 China

Selective separation and recovery of volatile fatty acids (VFA) and other valuable resources promotes a sustainable wastewater treatment system, but its cost-effective separation approaches are poorly understood. This study investigated the feasibility of applying a forward osmosis (FO) dewatering process for the selective separation of VFA, ammonium and phosphate from anaerobic acidogenic fermentation. Limited VFA rejection of fermentation broth, i.e., less than 20%, was observed under acidic conditions, while the rejection rate was significantly increased to ~90% at neutral pH. The transfer of ammonium across the membranes was remarkably impacted by the feed solution pH. Lower pH (~4) values resulted in higher rejection rates of ammonium (~96%), and the rate gradually declined as pH increased. The rejection of phosphate, which remained higher than 98%, was less sensitive to pH variations. The increase in water flux promoted the rejection of VFA, ammonium and phosphate, and the membrane orientation significantly impacted the transfer of nutrients in the FO process. The active layer facing the feed solution (AL-FS) mode exhibited higher rejection rates of VFA, ammonium and phosphate than the active layer facing the draw solution (AL-DS) mode, which was ascribed to the internal concentration polarization effect. Furthermore, approximately 80% of water could be effectively reduced from a real acidogenic fermentation liquor during the FO process;ammonium and phosphate were 3.72-fold and 4.10-fold concentrated in feed solution, respectively, and VFA was selectively separated in draw solution. The work confirmed the feasibility of utilizing FO processes in separating and enriching VFA, ammonium and phosphate from anaerobic fermentation liquors, providing meaningful information on promoting FO-based processes in treating wastewater. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nutrients

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Analysis of electrical tree ageing in silicone rubber by physicochemical approach

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2009年第1期183卷

作者： Y X Zhou Q Nie Z Z Chen R Liu State Key Lab of Control and Simulation of Power Systems and Generation Equipments Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Department of Electrical Engineering Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 China

In this paper, the characteristics of electrical tree ageing in silicone rubber (SIR) under AC voltage were studied. The electrical tree initiation rate is 20% after the application of 6 kV AC voltage for 1000 hours. Samples are separated into three kinds according to processes of electrical tree formation: virgin samples without voltage application, non-treed samples without electrical tree formation after 1000 hours and treed samples with electrical tree formation after 1000 hours. Certain physicochemical diagnostic tests were carried out to understand the degradation of material, ascribed to long-time voltage application, using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA). Physicochemical analyses, especially the DSC results, show that no additional phases are formed in the processes of electrical tree ageing in SIR. Reduction of the melting point and crystallinity of SIR is observed in the sequence of virgin samples, non-treed samples and treed samples. The activation energy values were calculated from the TG-DTA data. Compared to virgin samples, obvious reduction of activation energy value is observed in non-treed samples. Degradation in SIR has already occurred before electrical tree formation and charge injection and extraction by high field electrode under AC voltage is regarded as the reason.

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Direct Synthesis of High Silica Ssz-16 Zeolite with Extraordinarily Superior Performance in Nh3-Scr Reaction

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Han, Shichao Rao, Wei Hu, Junyi Tang, Xiaomin Ma, Ye Du, Jinpeng Liu, Zhongqi Wu, Qinming Ma, Yanhang Meng, Xiangju Shan, Wenpo Xiao, Feng-Shou He, Hong Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xiamen361021 China Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo315800 China State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan430071 China School of Physical Science and Technology Shanghai Key Laboratory of High-resolution Electron Microscopy ShanghaiTech University Shanghai201210 China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100085 China College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China Key Lab of Applied Chemistry of Zhejiang Province Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou310007 China

The development of Cu ion-exchanged small-pore zeolites with excellent performance and high hydrothermal stability in NH3-SCR reaction is of great importance. However, many frameworks of the small-pore zeolites are Al-rich, for instance, Cu-SSZ-16 zeolite with Si/Al ratio always no more than 5, showing relatively low hydrothermal stability. In this work, inspired by theoretical calculation for the interaction between organic structural directing agents (OSDAs) and zeolite framework, high silica SSZ-16 zeolite with Si/Al ratio at 6.7 was directly synthesized using an economical diquaternary alkylammonium cation as an OSDA. After exchanged with Cu ion, the Cu-SSZ-16 catalyst shows extraordinarily superior performance in NH3-SCR reaction even after hydrothermal aging at 900 °C. The designed synthesis combined with excellent performance as well as high hydrothermal stability of the high silica SSZ-16 zeolite might provide an attractive alternative candidate for NH3-SCR catalyst on diesel vehicles and non-road mobile machinery in the future. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Zeolites

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Preface

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第1期35卷 1-2页

作者： Keding Lu Youwen Sun Xuecheng Wu Miaomiao Cheng Lei Duan State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijingChina Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsHFIPSChinese Academy of SciencesHefeiChina State Key Lab of Clean Energy Utilization College of Energy EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijingChina State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina

The serious air pollution problems in China have significantly affected the development of China’s economy and society,especially in key areas such as Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei,Yangtze River Delta,and Pearl River Delta,which has aroused widespread concern throughout *** the launch of the MOST(Ministry Of Science and Technology)key project for Air Pollution Formation Mechanism and control Technology during the 13thFive-Year Plan.

关键词： Pearl Yangtze pollution

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Effect of surface topography and morphology on space charge packets in polyethylene

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2009年第1期183卷

作者： Zhou Yuanxiang Wang Yunshan Wang Ninghua Sun Qinghua State Key Lab of Control and Simulation of Power Systems and Generation Equipments Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China China Electric Power Research Institute Haidian District Beijing 100085 China

Polyethylene (PE) is a major kind of internal insulating material. With great progresses of space charge measurement technologies in the last three decades, lots of researches are focused on space charge in PE. The heat pressing and annealing condition of polyethylene affect its morphology obviously. During the heat pressing, the surface of PE forms different surface topographies because of different substrate materials. Surface topography has great relation to the epitaxial crystallization layer and influences the space charge characteristic of PE dramatically. This paper studied the formation process of different surface topographies and their micrographic characters in low density polyethylene (LDPE). pulsed electro-acoustic (PEA) method was used to measure the space charge distribution of samples with different surface topographies and morphologies in LDPE. The effect of surface topography and morphology to space charge packet were studied. The surface topography has great influence on space charge packet polarity and morphology has influence on both movement speed rate and polarity of space charge packet.

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