Summary form only given. As we know, the risetime of the output voltage of a pulse power generator is mainly determined by the performance of the main discharge switch. Recently, to calibrate nanosecond pulse voltage ...
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Summary form only given. As we know, the risetime of the output voltage of a pulse power generator is mainly determined by the performance of the main discharge switch. Recently, to calibrate nanosecond pulse voltage dividers, A nanosecond pulse generator with an output voltage of 2–10 kV was constructed. The generator was composed of a DC charging source, a 50 Ohm coaxial cable as a pulse forming line (PFL), a self-breakdown coaxial gas filled switch, a 50 Ohm coaxial cable as pulse transmission line (PTL), and a matched load. The gas filled switch with two plate electrodes was made as compact as possible to reduce the switch inductance. The gap distance of the switch is fixed to be ∼0.5mm and filled with pressurized nitrogen gas. Extensive tests were made to measure the risetime of the output voltage as the filled gas pressure changed from 0.1MPa ∼0.6Mpa. the averaged risetime of the output voltage is ∼14 ns as the switch gas pressure is set to be 0.1MPa, while the risetime is ∼1.5 ns as the gas pressure increased to 0.6MPa. A CCD camera was used to take pictures of the discharge arc between the main electrodes. As the gas pressre is ∼0.1Mpa, only one single discharge channel was observed. While the gas pressure is above 0.5Mpa, the switch usually breaks down in multi-channel mode, which would result in a low switch inductance and a faster risetime of the output voltage.
Magnitude and duration of voltage sags are the most important two factors to the Lower Voltage Ride Through (LVRT) capacity of the wind generator. Since most voltage sags are caused by the system faults, and sag durat...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781622761050
Magnitude and duration of voltage sags are the most important two factors to the Lower Voltage Ride Through (LVRT) capacity of the wind generator. Since most voltage sags are caused by the system faults, and sag durations are controlled by the tripping time of overcurrent relay in power collection lines based on the sags' magnitude. The specification of the LVRT capacity of wind generator is introduced into the operation characteristics of the relay in power collection lines. The evaluation model of equivalent LVRT capacity to overcurrent protection is proposed in paper, and the equivalent LVRT capacities from zone I and zone II relay are quantified. Improvement measures are also proposed.
Experiments of electrical wire explosions (EEW) for nano-powder production were performed on a small-scale pulsed power device, which consists of a low-inductance capacitor bank of 2-4 μF typically charged to 8-25 kV...
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Experiments of electrical wire explosions (EEW) for nano-powder production were performed on a small-scale pulsed power device, which consists of a low-inductance capacitor bank of 2-4 μF typically charged to 8-25 kV. Titanium wires, 85 mm in length and 175 μm in diameter, were installed inside a discharge chamber filled with 5-50 kPa air. The peak discharge current is about 8-20kA with a rise time of 6 μs. We investigated the evolution of the exploding titanium wire with a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. From the time sequence of the interferograms, we found that two different modes of wire explosion exist, depending on the ambient gas pressure. As the gas pressure is in the range of 5-20 kPa, more than one vapor burst was observed, which we called multi-burst mode. While the gas pressure is above 40 kPa, the whole wire would explode totally within one single vapor burst, which we called one-burst mode. Based on the calculated deposition energy of the exploding wire and the gas discharge theory, we explained the relationship between the exploding modes and the ambient gas pressure.
A substation three-phase nonlinear state estimation method based on zero impedance branches helps to identify topology and analogy errors at substation level and accordingly enhances the control center's state est...
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A substation three-phase nonlinear state estimation method based on zero impedance branches helps to identify topology and analogy errors at substation level and accordingly enhances the control center's state estimation reliability and accuracy. Some issues during the practical implementation process of the technology are reported, such as the hardware configuration, measurement integration, the communication between substation and control center, time setting and period selection. The benefits of the proposed technology have also been analyzed. It is shown that this technology has high reliability and low burden on communication, and improves the ability of monitoring of power grids and the reliability of the real-time power network model significantly. The proposed technology is verified effective by both simulation experiments and field-site applications in East China power Grid, and is well qualified for real-time online applications, which has broad popularization and application prospects.
A substation topology error identification method based on comprehensive rules, including rules in different spatial scales such as element level, bay level and voltage level as well as rules in time sequence, is pres...
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A substation topology error identification method based on comprehensive rules, including rules in different spatial scales such as element level, bay level and voltage level as well as rules in time sequence, is presented. Utilizing the superiority in multi-source, redundancy and rapid measurement in the substation, the multi spatial scale relevant rules of element, bay and voltage level as well as multi time sequence rules are proposed, and concrete implementation approach for such a method is given. The proposed method can improve the ability to identify the topology error, especially ability to identify switches without analog measurement, thus more reliable topological structure can be provided to control centre to improve the reliability of state estimation for the whole powersystem. Results of simulation and practical application show that the proposed method is effective.
In order to monitor the on-line condition of GIS and diagnose existing defects,the ultra high frequency(UHF) methods are widely used for detecting partial discharge(PD) owing to its sensitivity and anti-interference *...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9771003651221
In order to monitor the on-line condition of GIS and diagnose existing defects,the ultra high frequency(UHF) methods are widely used for detecting partial discharge(PD) owing to its sensitivity and anti-interference *** partial discharge will happen when the electric field is non-uniform because of the defects in *** location of the partial discharge source has an impact on electromagnetic wave generated from the *** the PD detection,the UHF signal acquired by the coupler in GIS is produced by the change in the electric field,so the characteristics of the signal are related with the position of the *** this paper,the distance between the PD source and the inner conductor of GIS is changed;the amplitude of time-domain signal and the frequency spectrum of the UHF signal are *** is discovered that the amplitude of time-domain signal is various with the distance between the defect and the inner conductor,as well as the frequency *** that, the mode of UHF signal in GIS is affected by the location of PD,the component of TEM mode and high order mode(TE mode and TM mode) change with the distance between the PD source and the inner conductor.
The traditional power flow methods aren't appropriate to the electrical distribution systems with distributed generators (DG). Therefore, a direct unbalanced three-phase power flow algorithm was presented in this ...
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The effects of manganese dioxide (MnO 2 ) additives on the electrical characteristics of the Al-doped ZnO varistors are investigated. The leakage current densities of the samples decrease first and then increase again...
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The effects of manganese dioxide (MnO 2 ) additives on the electrical characteristics of the Al-doped ZnO varistors are investigated. The leakage current densities of the samples decrease first and then increase again with the increase of the amount of MnO 2 additives. Correspondingly, the nonlinear coefficients of the samples keep on increasing and then decrease. In addition, the donor densities increase monotonously with the amount of the doped MnO 2 increasing. The effects of MnO 2 additives on the electrical characteristics of the samples are different from the conclusion of previous literatures. The reasons of the distinct effects are supposed to be related with the donor and interface state densities of the samples.
Recently, several power grids of China came across low frequency oscillations which are difficult to explain by the traditional negative damping mechanism. Some researchers suggest that those oscillations be caused by...
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Recently, several power grids of China came across low frequency oscillations which are difficult to explain by the traditional negative damping mechanism. Some researchers suggest that those oscillations be caused by external periodic disturbances according to the forced oscillation mechanism. It takes no doubt that the oscillation source location (means locating the disturbances) is imperative and decisive to eliminate such a kind of oscillations. This paper proposes a location methodology based on Energy Supply on Port derived from the Port-controlled Hamiltonian theory. By calculating the energy injected to the network at corresponding ports, the oscillation sources can be effectively located, even in complicated systems containing various kinds of control devices such as governors and exciters. Different from the traditional methodology based on eigen-analysis, the proposed methodology is naturally decentralized without the dependency on global measurements. Case studies on the standard 4-machine 2-area system and the IEEE-118 bus system show the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed methodology.
Neither electromechanical transient stability analysis (TSA) program nor electromagnetic transient (EMT) programs can be used individually for the transient stability studies of the large scale AC/DC systems. This pap...
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