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A hierarchical model predictive control method of active power for accommodating large-scale wind power integration

Dianli Xitong Zidonghua/Automation of Electric power systems 2014年第9期38卷 6-14页

作者： Zhang, Boming Chen, Jianhua Wu, Wenchuan Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power Systems and Generation Equipments Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

With the ever-increasing size of the power grid and the large-scale integration of stochastic renewable energy, the conventional active power dispatch method has become inapplicable. Therefore, a model predictive control (MPC) based method is proposed to deal with the stochastic characteristic of the grid. Meanwhile, a multi-layer MPC scheme using the industrial large system hierarchical control strategy as a source of reference is adopted to deal with the difficult active power dispatch problem with large-scale wind power integration. The evolutionary process and the corresponding control mechanism of the proposed control scheme are given. ©2014 state Grid Electric power Research Institute Press.

关键词： Model predictive control

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A look-ahead generation dispatch method considering discrete generation regulation constraints with large-scale wind power integration

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Dianli Xitong Zidonghua/Automation of Electric power systems 2014年第10期38卷 36-42页

作者： Li, Zhigang Wu, Wenchuan Zhang, Boming Sun, Hongbin Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power Systems and Generation Equipments Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

Look-ahead generation dispatch is a critical measurement to accommodate large-scale integration of wind power generation. In real application, the model for conventional generators should involve generation regulation constraints including regulation frequency constraints and discrete output constraints. Look-ahead generation dispatch with regulation constraints is a large-scale nonlinear mixed-integer programming problem, and it could be hardly solved strictly within acceptable time. An efficient three-stage method for solving this problem is developed, together with a forward-backward-pass dynamic programming approach for handling generation regulation constraints. Numerical tests are taken on IEEE 31-bus systems and a large-scale 264-bus power system to verify the high efficiency and practicability of the proposed method.

关键词： Wind power

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Real-time charging optimization method considering vehicle charging prediction

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Dianli Xitong Zidonghua/Automation of Electric power systems 2014年第9期38卷 61-68页

作者： Li, Zhengshuo Guo, Qinglai Sun, Hongbin Xin, Shujun Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power Systems and Generation Equipments Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

With large-scale electric vehicles (EVs) integrated into the power system, how to optimize EV charging power in real time to avoid incremental peak load and achieve valley-filling will be important. The regular real-time charging optimization as well as the vehicle charging prediction method is reviewed at first. Since vehicle charging (especially vehicle fleet charging) is predictable, a new real-time charging optimization model is proposed on the basis of the regular method with the consideration of the prediction model of incoming EVs. The new model is solved with receding horizon optimization, obtaining the current optimized charging power of plugged EVs. Through case study with various prediction accuracies, it can be seen that the proposed method always approaches the optimal solution to valley-filling. Moreover, compared with regular method, the proposed method would make a greater improvement of optimization result in the case of more diverse EV plug-in time. ©2014 state Grid Electric power Research Institute Press.

关键词： Forecasting

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Autonomous-synergetic energy management system family for smart grids: concept, architecture and cases

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Dianli Xitong Zidonghua/Automation of Electric power systems 2014年第9期38卷 1-5and14页

作者： Sun, Hongbin Zhang, Boming Wu, Wenchuan Guo, Qinglai Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power Systems and Generation Equipments Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

Energy management system (EMS), known as the brain of power grid, utilizes information flow to control energy flow so as to keep power grid operation efficient and secure. Conventionally, the EMS is a centralized one with both information collecting and decision-making centralized. This architecture is facing a serious challenge in mass information collecting and faster decision, especially in smart grid environment. A new concept of distributed autonomy and centralized synergy is proposed and the EMS family covering all sections of smart grids (e.g. source, grid and demand) is concretized. Both commonness and individuality of these EMS family members are discussed. Several new members of EMS family including wind farm EMS, substation EMS and electric vehicle (EV) aggregator EMS are presented, to demonstrate their autonomous characteristic. Interaction among EMS family members is introduced to coordinate the members so as to implement source-grid-demand synergy to form an EMS family network. Several examples of interaction among the EMS family, such as interactions between transmission and distribution, between substations and control center, and between wind farm and EV aggregator, are introduced. ©2014 state Grid Electric power Research Institute Press.

关键词： Energy management systems

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A robust interval economic dispatch method accommodating large-scale wind power generation. Part one: Dispatch scheme and mathematical model

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Dianli Xitong Zidonghua/Automation of Electric power systems 2014年第20期38卷 33-39页

作者： Li, Zhigang Wu, Wenchuan Zhang, Boming Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power Systems and Generation Equipments Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

Large-scale wind power integration imposes technical challenges to the power system operation and scheduling. Traditional deterministic generation dispatch methods cannot ensure system operation security because they don't incorporate wind power uncertainties appropriately. A new robust dispatch scheme based on the wind power prediction interval is introduced for intra-day active power dispatch, in which wind farms are controlled with the maximum-power-point-tracking strategy mostly. This scheme is featured with flexibility and practicality. In combination with this scheme, a robust interval economic dispatch model is formulated as a robust optimization method and further simplified as a quadratic programming, taking the response of AGC regulation into consideration. Finally, Monte Carlos simulations are conducted on a modified IEEE 24-bus system to compare performance of the proposed approach and the traditional one, and the robustness, reliability and economy of the robust dispatch scheme is verified. © 2014 state Grid Electric power Research Institute Press

关键词： Quadratic programming

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Reactive voltage control of bidirectional-interaction coordination between provincial and district power networks with wind power integration

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Dianli Xitong Zidonghua/Automation of Electric power systems 2014年第24期38卷 48-55页

作者： Wang, Bin Guo, Qinglai Li, Haifeng Sun, Hongbin Tang, Lei Zhang, Boming State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power Systems and Generation Equipments Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

An agile and coordinated voltage control method is proposed to deal with the power system reactive power and voltage operation with large scale wind power integration. In the provincial control center, the agile voltage control method with the wind power volatility and the power system N-1 security constraints taken into account is proposed. With this method, by means of the adaptive adjustment of the control period and control model, the wind farm reactive ability will be fully tapped to suppress the influence of wind fluctuations on the bus voltage while sufficient dynamic reactive power regulation margin of traditional generators will be retained. Between provincial and prefectural control centers, the bidirectional interaction based voltage control method is presented to support the voltage at the terminal power network while bypassing the unnecessary discrete device action on the prefectural grid. By coordinated voltage control among the wind farms and substations in the provincial power system, the control abilities of its own wind farms will be made full use of, there will be less capacitor and reactor action times in its own substations and unnecessary reactive power flow. By the bidirectional interaction between provincial and prefectural control centers, the distributed adjustment resources can well be used to support the voltage at the terminal power network and increase the safety and economy of overall operation of the power system. The wind automatic voltage control system is currently in real-time operation in Jiangsu power system. © 2014 state Grid Electric power Research Institute Press.

关键词： Voltage control

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Grid dispatch model and interconnection benefit analysis of concentrating solar power plants with thermal storage

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Dianli Xitong Zidonghua/Automation of Electric power systems 2014年第19期38卷 1-7页

作者： Chen, Runze Sun, Hongbin Li, Zhengshuo Liu, Yibing Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power Systems and Generation Equipments Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

Nowadays, the concentrating solar power (CSP) plant with thermal storage is a new way to utilize solar power. By making full use of large-capacity CSP devices, the CSP system is able to translate the solar power absorbed. Additionally, the CSP generates power via a steam turbo-generator and has fast regulating performance. The operation behavior of CSP is studied from the viewpoint of power grid, based on which its mathematical model for dispatch is developed. The model describes the power flow inside the CSP with its major operation constraints. Furthermore, the model for power system dispatch considering CSP plants is built based on the security-constrained unit commitment problem. It is shown by simulation that CSP, on the premise of its energy being fully accommodated, may bring about considerable benefits to the power system by reducing the generation cost, increasing renewable energy accommodation and enhancing utilization of transmission lines. © 2014 state Grid Electric power Research Institute Press.

关键词： Concentrated solar power

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Automatic discovery method of power system critical flowgates considering multiple security themes in power grid

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Dianwang Jishu/power System Technology 2014年第5期38卷 1169-1174页

作者： Zhao, Feng Sun, Hongbin Tan, Yan Guo, Qinglai Guo, Wenxin State Key Lab of Control and Simulation of Power Systems and Generation Equipments Dept. of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Haidian District Beijing 100084 China Guangdong Electric Power Control Center Guangzhou 510600 Guangdong Province China

Based on summarizing the features of selecting critical flowgates in actual power grid, an automatic discovery method of power system critical flowgates considering multiple security themes in power grid is proposed. Based on topological structure of power grid and online power flow, the electric partitioning of power grid is performed and different types of critical flowgates are selected according to different security theme: according to the demand on transient security theme the long-distance transmission channel composed by tie line between electric partitionings is chosen as critical flowgate;according to the demand on thermal stability theme, the transmission channel composed of high voltage transmission lines with high transmission capacity, which interact each other obviously, is chosen as critical flowgate;according to the thermal stability at load side the transmission channel composed of low voltage transmission lines with higher transmission capacity, which interact each other obviously, is chosen as critical flowgate. Taking Guangdong power Grid in China as testing example, test results show that the proposed method considers common security themes in power grid accurately and different kinds of critical flowgates can be attained;the obtained critical flowgates not only conform to a posteriori critical flowgate given by experts in the field of power grid operation, and new critical flowgates can be discovered, besides, the discovery results are reasonable and creditable.

关键词： Thermodynamic stability

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Applications of coordinated automatic voltage control integrated for regional, provincial and prefectural control centers in China Southern power Grid

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Dianli Xitong Zidonghua/Automation of Electric power systems 2014年第13期38卷 208-215页

作者： Wang, Bin Guo, Qinglai Zhou, Huafeng Tang, Lei Gu, Huijie Sun, Hongbin Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power Systems and Generation Equipments Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China China Southern Power Grid Dispatching Control Center Guangzhou510623 China

In order to avoid irrational reactive power flow and voltage distribution, the coordinated voltage controlsystem integrated for regional, provincial and prefectural control centers in China Southern power Grid is proposed. The reactive power and voltage operation and control characteristics of China Southern power Grid are analyzed. The hierarchical architecture of coordinated voltage controlsystem integrated for regional, provincial and prefectural control centers is described. Some typical applications are emphasized, including the coordination between regional and provincial control centers, the coordination between provincial and prefectural control centers, the voltage control for substations considering the provincial coordinate constraints, the coordinated voltage control for the high voltage direct current (HVDC) neighboring grids, etc, the exchange data content and mode between regional, provincial and prefectural control centers are described. The coordinated voltage control system is currently in real time operation in China Southern power Grid. © 2014 state Grid Electric power Research Institute Press

关键词： Reactive power

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Substation-control center two-level distributed network modeling

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Dianli Xitong Zidonghua/Automation of Electric power systems 2014年第9期38卷 107-113and151页

作者： Wang, Jing Sun, Hongbin Chen, Runze Zhang, Yang Wu, Wenchuan Guo, Qinglai Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power Systems and Generation Equipments Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China National Electric Power Dispatching and Control Center Beijing100031 China

As the traditional centralized network modeling for energy management system (EMS) in control center is error prone, heavily reliant on maintenance, and lacking in self-healing ability while unable to satisfy the needs of the distributed application of future transmission grid, a method of substation-control center two-level distributed network modeling is presented. The information model including the network model as well as one-line diagram is built in the substation, transferred to the control center after transformation, and then merged to form an entire network model in control center. The architecture and key technologies such as substation modeling, model transferring and transforming, model joining are discussed in detail. The proposed method has been successfully implemented in China Eastern Grid as shown in the field-application results. ©2014 state Grid Electric power Research Institute Press.

关键词： Energy management systems

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