检索结果-内蒙古大学图书馆

Estimation of the radionuclide distribution in sediment in coast area

Journal of environmental Sciences 2001年第4期13卷 398-400页

作者： SHEN Zhen-yao YANG Zhi-feng LI Wei-juan NI Shi-wei YAO Lang-gen CAI Yuan Institute of Environmental Science Beijing Normal UniversityState Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution ControlBeijing 100875China China Institute for Radiation Protection Key Laboratory of Nuclear Radiation Environmental SimulationTaiyuan 030006China

The study of the radionuelide distribution in sediment is a very important aspect in environmental impact of the low level radioactive liquid waste (LLW) from coastal nuclear facilities or nuclear power plant. Even now we do not know much about it. In this paper, a simple and useful method is put forward and it is used to estimate the nuclide distribution in sediment. The result showed that the LLW from nuclear facility or nuclear power plant will do a little harm to the sediment nearby. But the harm is not very serious. Much works have to be done before full understanding of the situation.

关键词： radionuclide coast area deposit characteristic sediment

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Progress of Air pollution control in China and Its Challenges and Opportunities in the Ecological Civilization Era

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Engineering 2020年第12期6卷 1423-1431页

作者： Xi Lu Shaojun Zhang Jia Xing Yunjie Wang Wenhui Chen Dian Ding Ye Wu Shuxiao Wang Lei Duan Jiming Hao State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing 100084China

China’s past economic growth has substantially relied on fossil fuels,causing serious air pollution *** economic growth and pollution has become the focus in developing ecological civilization in *** have analyzed the three-decade progress of air pollution controls in China,highlighting a strategic transformation from emission control toward air quality *** control of sulfur dioxide(SO2)resolved the deteriorating acid rain issue in China in *** 2013,control actions on multiple precursors and sectors have targeted the reduction of the concentration of fine particulate matter(PM2.5),marking a transition to an air-quality-oriented *** ozone(O3)pollution further requires O3 and PM2.5 integrated control strategies with an emphasis on their complex photochemical *** improvement of air quality in China,as a key indicator for the success of ecological civilization construction,demands the deep de-carbonization of China’s energy system as well as more synergistic pathways to address air pollution and global climate change simultaneously.

关键词： Air pollution control Ecological civilization PM2.5 Low-carbon development Ozone

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Integrated water resource security evaluation of Beijing based on GRA and TOPSIS

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中国高等学校学术文摘·地球科学 2010年第3期4卷 357-362页

作者： Jing DAI Jing QI Jingjing CHI Shaoqing CHEN Jin YANG Liping JU Bin CHEN State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China State Key Laboratory of Turbulence and Complex Systems Peking University Beijing 100871 China

Security evaluation has become a hot topic in the research field of water resource management. In this paper, we established a novel water resource security indicator system based on the Pressure-Status-Response (PSR) framework using gray relation analysis (GRA) and technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS). A case study of Beijing from 1996 to 2007 was conducted to verify the evaluation system. Results showed that the gray relative closeness degrees of water resource security to the positive ideal solution were low, with the least one of 0.360 in 1999 and the largest one of 0.527 in 2007, implying that Beijing was facing severer challenges with water resources during the concerned time. Also, the analysis of water resource security indicated that the pressure of water resource was constantly increasing. Finally, factor analysis was employed to calculate the gray relation degrees of evaluating indices with the ideal solutions so as to reveal the relativity of water resource security of Beijing, which may contribute to a better understanding of the urban water resource management and regulation.

关键词： water resource security grey relation analysis (GRA) technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) factor analysis

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Accelerating exploitation and integration of global renewable energy

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Innovation 2025年

作者： Wang, Jianxiao Chen, Xinjiang Zhuang, Minghao Li, Yan Ruan, Ziwen Wang, Yuhan Zhang, Ning Song, Jie He, Kebin Lu, Xi National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analysis and Applications Peking University Beijing100871 China Department of Industrial Engineering and Management College of Engineering Peking University Beijing100871 China Peking University Ordos Research Institute of Energy Ordos017000 China State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural University Beijing100193 China College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai200092 China School of Environment State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China State Key Lab of Power Systems Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Institute for Carbon Neutrality Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

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A novel knotted cotton-thread carrier:Its potential use in achieving the biomass renewal of Phanerochaete chrysosporium in an immobilized growth system

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Science China Chemistry 2009年第5期52卷 670-675页

作者： ZHOU Cheng WEN XiangHua The State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control Department of Environment Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

In order to achieve an innovative strategy to renew the biomass of Phanerochaete chrysosporium in an immobilized growth system which can maintain white-rot fungi biomass, a novel knotted cotton-thread carrier was designed and made. By using a high-speed stirring apparatus under the conditions of 1400 r/min stirring speed for 6 min, mycelia immobilized on the knotted cotton-thread carriers were exfoliated completely and homogenized to a proper size. Furthermore, the homogenized mycelia from the immobilized mycelia can resume their growth on the knotted cotton-thread carriers in agitated flask cultures. The average regrowth biomass on the new carriers and the reused carriers was 0.0171 g/carrier and 0.0314 g/carrier, respectively. It proves that the knotted cotton-thread carrier performs perfectly in homogening the immobilized mycelia to achieve the biomass renewal of P. chrysosporium in an immobilized growth system.

关键词： knotted cotton-thread carrier biomass renewal immobilization homogenizing Phanerochaete chrysosporium

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Estimation methods of eco-environmental water requirements: Case study

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Science China Earth Sciences 2005年第8期48卷 1280-1292页

作者： YANG Zhifeng1,2, CUI Baoshan1 & LIU Jingling 1. School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China 2. state key Joint laboratory of environmental simulation and pollution control, Beijing 100875, China School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control Beijing China

Supplying water to the ecological environment with certain quantity and quality is significant for the protection of diversity and the realization of sustainable development. The conception and connotation of eco-environmental water requirements, including the definition of the conception, the composition and characteristics of eco-environmental water requirements, are evaluated in this paper. The classification and estimation methods of eco-environmental water requirements are then proposed. On the basis of the study on the Huang-Huai-Hai Area, the present water use, the minimum and suitable water requirement are estimated and the cor-responding water shortage is also calculated. According to the interrelated programs, the eco-environmental water requirements in the coming years (2010, 2030, 2050) are estimated. The result indicates that the minimum and suitable eco-environmental water requirements fluc-tuate with the differences of function setting and the referential standard of water resources, and so as the water shortage. Moreover, the study indicates that the minimum eco-environmental water requirement of the study area ranges from 2.84×1010m3 to 1.02×1011m3, the suitable water requirement ranges from 6.45×1010m3 to 1.78×1011m3, the water shortage ranges from 9.1×109m3 to 2.16×1010m3 under the minimum water requirement, and it is from 3.07×1010m3 to 7.53×1010m3 under the suitable water requirement. According to the different values of the water shortage, the water priority can be allocated. The ranges of the eco-environmental water re-quirements in the three coming years (2010, 2030, 2050) are 4.49×1010m3?1.73×1011m3, 5.99×10m3?2.09×1011m3, and 7.44×1010m3?2.52×1011m3, respectively.

关键词： eco-environmental water requirements, assessment methods, Huang-Huai-Hai area.

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A mini-microbial fuel cell for voltage testing of exoelectrogenic bacteria

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Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2009年第3期3卷 307-312页

作者： Xiaoxin CAO Xia HUANG Xiaoyuan ZHANG Peng LIANG Mingzhi FAN State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Current methods for testing the electricity generation capacity of isolates are time-and *** paper presents a rapid voltage testing system of exoelectrogenic bacteria called Quickscreen,which is based on a microliter microbial fuel cell(MFC).Geobacter sulfurreducens and Shewanella baltica were used as the model exoelectrogenic bacteria;Escherichia coli that cannot generate electricity was used as a negative *** was found that the electricity generation capacity of the isolates could be determined within about five hours by using Quickscreen,and that its time was relatively rapid compared with the time needed by using larger MFCs.A parallel,stable,and low background voltage was achieved using titanium as a current collector in the blank *** external resistance had little impact on the blank run during the initial *** cathode with a five-hole configuration,used to hydrate the carbon cathode,gave higher cathode potential than that with a one-hole *** discharge and current interrupt methods showed that the anode mostly contributed to the large internal resistance of the Quickscreen ***,the addition of graphite felt decreased the resistance from 18 to 5 kΩ.This device was proved to be useful to rapidly evaluate the electricity generation capacity of different bacteria.

关键词： microbial fuel cell exoelectrogenic bacteria rapid screening

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One representative water supply system in China with nitrosamine concern: Challenges and treatment strategies

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2020年第2期32卷 12-20页

作者： Yu Qiu Er Bei Yufang Wang Jun Wang Xiaojian Zhang Chao Chen State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution College of Environmental Science and EngineeringBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Research Institute for Environmental Innovation(Suzhou) TsinghuaSuzhou 215163China

Four sampling campaigns were conducted in two years to understand the fluctuation of N-Nitrosamines(NAs) and their precursors in one drinking water treatment plant(DWTP) in East China in different *** water supply system has been facing several nitrosamine challenges related with source water, including the switch of water source,high concentration of ammonium, formed NAs and NA formation potential(FP) in source ***, the use of ozonation in the DWTP and chloramination in networks will increase the NDMA concentration in tap *** address these challenges, the biopretreatment was applied in this DWTP to decrease the concentration of ammonium and *** following biological activated carbon(BAC) will neutralize the nitrosamine increase brought by *** use of free chlorine in disinfection process will also decrease the NDMA formation compared with *** results will benefit other cities in China and other countries with similar impacted water sources.

关键词： Drinking water treatment plant Formation potential Networks N-Nitrosamines Precursor

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simulation of Co2 Flux and Evaluation of Carbon Neutrality Potential at the Neighborhood Scale in Beijing with Multi-Source Data

SSRN

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Luo, Wen-Rong Che, Hui-Zheng Miao, Shi-Guang Dou, Jun-Xia Zheng, Ying-Qi Zhou, Yu-Yu Su, Zhi-Min Wu, Ye Wang, De Yi, Xin Gui, Ke Zheng, Yu Li, Lei Zhang, Xiao-Ye Nanjing210044 China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of CMA Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing100081 China Beijing100089 China Beijing100029 China Department of Geography The University of Hong Kong 999077 Hong Kong State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100085 China School of Environment State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China College of Architecture and Urban Planning Tongji University Shanghai200092 China Tsinghua University China

The urban block serves as the fundamental unit for fine-scale management of urban carbon emissions, playing a critical role in achieving urban carbon neutrality and sustainable development. Carbon source-sink data at the urban block scale exhibit significant spatial heterogeneity, and accurate estimation of CO2 fluxes helps to better understand the relationship between urban carbon processes and both anthropogenic and natural factors. This study utilized multi-source data and the SUEWS urban land surface model to simulate CO2 fluxes at high temporal (hourly) and spatial (20m) resolution in the typical mixed-use areas of Haidian and Chaoyang stations in Beijing. Carbon fluxes from traffic, buildings, human metabolism, soil, and vegetation were quantified for the years 2016, 2019, and 2020. The results show that the SUEWS model effectively captures the temporal and spatial dynamics of CO2 flux in the study area. The multi-year average CO2 flux at Chaoyang and Haidian stations was 28.17 and 12.87 kg CO2 m−2 yr−1, respectively. Road traffic accounted for the largest share of CO2 emissions, contributing more than 50%, followed by emissions from buildings and human metabolism. The study also evaluated the potential for carbon reduction in urban blocks under future low-carbon policies. Under the moderate emission scenario SSP2-4.5, along with the implementation of strong policy measures, including 80% rooftop greening and electric vehicle adoption, carbon emissions in urban blocks could be reduced by approximately 60%. This study provides essential data and technical support for urban CO2 reduction through fine-scale CO2 flux calculations. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Anthropogenic

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Reaction mechanism of dicofol removal by cellulase

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2015年第10期27卷 22-28页

作者： Ziyuan Wang Ting Yang Zihan Zhai Boya Zhang Jianbo Zhang Collaborative Innovation Center for Regional Environmental Quality State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution ControlCollege of Environmental Science and EngineeringPeking University School of Public Health Peking University

It remains unclear whether dicofol should be defined as a persistent organic pollutant. Its environmental persistence has gained attention. This study focused on its degradation by cellulase. Cellulase was separated using a gel chromatogram, and its degradation activity towards dicofol involved its endoglucanase activity. By analyzing the kinetic parameters of cellulase reacting with mixed substrates, it was shown that cellulase reacted on dicofol and carboxyl methyl cellulose through two different active centers. Thus, the degradation of dicofol was shown to be an oxidative process by cellulase. Next, by comparing the impacts of tert-butyl alcohol（a typical OH free-radical inhibitor） on the removal efficiencies of dicofol under both cellulase and Fenton reagent systems, it was shown that the removal of dicofol was initiated by OH free radicals produced by cellulase. Finally, 4,4′-dichlorodibenzophenone and chloride were detected using gas chromatography mass spectrometry and ion chromatography analysis, which supported our hypothesis. The reaction mechanism was analyzed and involved an attack by OH free radicals at the orthocarbon of dicofol, resulting in the degradation product 4,4′-dichloro-dibenzophenone.

关键词： Dicofol Cellulase Endo-glucanases activity Oxidative degradation OH free radical

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