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Determining the performance for an integrated process of COD removal and CO2 capture

JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION 2020年 275卷 122845-122845页

作者： Yu, Yunsong Zhang, Chen Ding, Wancheng Zhang, Zaoxiao Wang, Geoff G. X. Xi An Jiao Tong Univ Sch Chem Engn & Technol 28 Xianning West Rd Xian 710049 Peoples R China XianJiaotong Univ State Key Lab Multiphase Flow Power Engn 28 Xianning West Rd Xian 710049 Peoples R China Univ Queensland Sch Chem Engn St Lucia Qld 4072 Australia

Sludge water with high COD and CO2 emission in industry pollutes the environment. In order to effectively mitigate the COD and CO2, this study developed an integrated process of COD removal and CO2 capture by utilizing CO2 to intensify the COD removal process. The mass transfer model and gas and liquid two phase flow model were developed and validated by the experiment. The dynamical characteristic, COD removal and CO2 capture performance were accurately investigated. The effect of the flue gas, Ca(OH)(2) solution and sludge water on the COD removal and CO2 capture were discussed in detail. Due to the bond effect of Ca-O-C and large contact area, the highest CO2 capture efficiency reached 93.1% at simultaneous COD removal. The CO2 intensification effect on the COD removal was analyzed by the density functional theory. It was found that CO2 made the Ca(OH)(2) remove COD more stably due to CO2 controlling the free ions. The CO2 and Ca(OH)(2) regenerated efficiency respectively reached 85.3% and 88.9% by the electrochemical method. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： COD removal CO2 capture Calcium hydroxide Gas and liquid two phase flow

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Spatial temperature distribution of fuel assembly pre-simulation for a new simple core degradation experiment

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PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR ENERGY 2019年 111卷 174-182页

作者： Feng, Tangtao Tian, Wenxi Song, Ping Wang, Jun Wang, Mingjun Li, Longze Su, G. H. Qiu, Suizheng Xi An Jiao Tong Univ Dept Nucl Sci & Technol Shaanxi Key Lab Adv Nucl Energy & Technol State Key Lab Multiphase Flow Power Engn Xian 710049 Shaanxi Peoples R China

A new simple core degradation experiment will be conducted to investigate the distribution of mass and energy during a core degradation process, and the International Standard Problem (ISP) No.31 is chosen as a pre simulation for the new experiment. The pre -simulation has been conducted using the widely accepted severe accident analysis software MELCOR. Firstly, the numerical analysis model and oxidation model are described, and all the input parameters are in accord with experiment conditions. Then, numerical results are validated by experimental measurements and SCDAP/RELAP5 results. Simulations results agree well with measured data. It is indicated that MELCOR has the capability of predicting the behaviors of fuel elements in reflood correctly. Finally, the visually spatial temperature distribution is obtained by TECPLOT, and the behaviors of molten fuel elements are directly reflected. The evolution of peak temperature in fuel rods during the experiment period can be visible. The peak temperature firstly appeared in outer heated rods of the fourth ring and later showed in a heated fuel rod of the second ring. The behaviors of molten fuel elements are visible in the figures of spatial temperature distribution, and it does help researchers to understand the migration behaviors of molten material accompanied by effective mitigation measures for a severe accident.

关键词： MELCOR CORA Hydrogen generating Spatial temperature distribution

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Exergo-economic analysis for screening of metal hydride pairs for thermochemical energy storage for solar baking system

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THERMAL SCIENCE AND engineering PROGRESS 2022年 30卷

作者： Ayub, Iqra Nasir, Muhammad Salman Liu, Yang Munir, Anjum Wu, Zhen Yang, Fusheng Zhang, Zaoxiao Xi An Jiao Tong Univ Sch Chem Engn & Technol State Key Lab Multiphase Flow Power Engn 28 Xianning West Rd Xian 710049 Peoples R China Xi An Jiao Tong Univ Sch Energy & Power Engn Xian 710049 Peoples R China Univ Agr Faisalabad Dept Energy Syst Engn Faisalabad 38040 Pakistan Univ Agr Faisalabad Dept Struct & Environm Engn Faisalabad 38040 Pakistan

The novelty of this research work is the exergo-economic analysis (including the cost of exergy destruction and exergy loss) of metal hydride based thermal energy storage system coupled with a solar bakery unit for the screening of metal hydride pairs (Case 1: pure MgH2/LaNi5 & Case 2: V2O5 doped MgH2/LaNi5) for thermo-chemical energy storage. Firstly, a numerical simulation is performed by using COMSOL Multiphysics 5.3a software. Secondly, an economic and exergo-economic model is developed to calculate the annual levelized cost of the thermal energy storage system. The life-cycle economic assessment findings indicate that the Levelized thermal energy storage cost of the pure MgH2 based system (32.28 $ /kWh(th)) is 8.2 times higher than that of the V2O5 doped MgH2 system (3.954 $/kWh(th)). Moreover, an 87.75% decrease in cost was observed in Case 2 (V2O5 doped MgH2). Furthermore, Case 2 (V2O5 doped MgH2) can save 92.58 % of hydrogenation reaction time as compared to Case 1 (Pure MgH2). Ultimately, the selection of V2O5 based MgH2 as a thermal heat-storing me-dium is then assessed as a better option for the MHTES for the solar bakery unit (SBU). The findings of this research provide a clear insight into the mechanism of cost formation in the system.

关键词： Exergo-economic analysis Metal hydride based thermal energy storage Screening of metal hydride pair Exergy destruction and loss cost Annual levelized cost of the thermal energy & nbsp storage system

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Thermal management matters in photovoltaic–electrocatalysis for solar hydrogen production

EcoEnergy

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EcoEnergy 2024年

作者： Jie Chen Xin Chen Jie Sun Jingkuo Qu Xiangjiu Guan Shaohua Shen School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China

Photovoltaic–electrolysis (PV-EC) system currently exhibits the highest solar to hydrogen conversion efficiency (STH) among various technical routes. This perspective shifts the focus from the materials exploration in photovoltaics and electrolysis to the critical aspect of thermal management in a PV-EC system. Initially, the theoretical basis that elucidates the relationships between temperature and the performance of both photovoltaics and electrolyzers are presented. Following that, the impact of thermal management on the performance of PV-EC for solar hydrogen production is experimentally demonstrated by designing variables-controlling experiments. It is observed that while utilizing identical PV and EC cells under varying thermal conditions, the highest STH can reach 22.20%, whilst the lowest is only 15.61%. This variation underscores the significance of thermal management in optimizing PV-EC systems. Finally, increased efforts to enhancing heat transfer and optimizing heat distribution are proposed, thus facilitating the design of more efficient PV-EC systems with minimized thermal energy losses.

关键词： device design photovoltaic-electrolysis solar to hydrogen thermal management water electrolyzer

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Development of thermal hydraulic design code for SFR steam generators

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NUCLEAR engineering AND DESIGN 2019年第Jul.期348卷 46-55页

作者： Xu, Rongshuan Zhang, Dalin Tian, Wenxi Qiu, Suizheng Su, G. H. Xi An Jiao Tong Univ Sch Nucl Sci & Technol Shaanxi Key Lab Adv Nucl Energy & Technol State Key Lab Multiphase Flow Power Engn Xian 710049 Shaanxi Peoples R China

Sodium heated once-through steam generator (OTSG) is a critical component of Sodium cooled Fast Reactor (SFR). It is a counter current heat exchanger. It transfers heat from hot sodium to water. Therefore, the steam generator is a necessity for the operation of the plant. However, due to the phase change exists in water side, it becomes challenging to design a steam generator for SFR. After the successful construction of CEFR (China Experiment Fast Reactor), a power-up demonstration SFR is being developed in China. For the design and analysis of the steam generator of the demonstration SFR, a thermal hydraulic Design Code of Once-through Steam generator for Sodium cooled fast reactor (DeCOSS) has been developed based on the movable mesh method. The DeCOSS code has been benchmarked based on the design data of OTSGs reported. The tube lengths and temperature distributions calculated by DeCOSS showed general agreements with published data. The influences of tube diameters on heat transfer capacity have been analyzed. The results indicated that the heat transfer capacity is determined by the thermal resistance of tube wall under the condition of fixed heat transfer coefficient of water side. In addition, under the same flow area of water and sodium, the heat transfer capacity could be enhanced by decreasing the tube diameters with constant tube wall thickness. Hence, the code can be utilized to do the sensitivity analyses and optimum thermal design of OTSGs. Moreover, it can support the design work of once-through steam generator of SFR.

关键词： Sodium-cooled fast reactor Once-through steam generator Computer code Thermal-hydraulic design Movable mesh method

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Solar-promoted photo-thermal CH4 reforming with CO2 over Ni/CeO2 catalyst: Experimental and mechanism studies

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APPLIED ENERGY 2023年第1期348卷

作者： Yan, Xiangyu Lu, Buchu Dong, Hao Liu, Qibin Xi An Jiao Tong Univ Int Res Ctr Renewable Energy Xian 710049 Peoples R China Xi An Jiao Tong Univ State Key Lab Multiphase Flow Power Engn Xian 710049 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Engn Thermophys Beijing 100190 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Beijing 100049 Peoples R China Univ Sci & Technol Beijing Sch Energy & Environm Engn Beijing 100083 Peoples R China Huadian Elect Power Res Inst Co Ltd Hangzhou 310030 Peoples R China

Combining solar light and heat in dry reforming of methane (DRM) is a promising technology for reducing CO2 to a valuable syngas and increasing the utilization of solar light in the solar-to-fuel process. The reaction temperature is still high and the mechanism remains unclear in DRM. Clarifying the synergistic mechanism of solar light and heat is pivotal for industrial applications. To this end, a nanoscale Ni/CeO2 catalyst is prepared, and the synergistic effect of solar light and heat in DRM is experimentally investigated. The experimental results show that photo-thermochemistry leads to a 39.74% increase in relative conversion rate of CH4 compared to thermochemistry, while the reaction temperature is reduced by 45 degrees C. The syngas production rate and the selectivity of DRM are improved by solar light. The in-situ infrared study indicates that solar light enhances the dissociation process of CH4 and the production of HCOO* on the surface of the Ni/CeO2 catalyst. The light response in the catalyst and microscopic enhancement of intermediate products are responsible for the increased DRM performance under photo-thermochemical conditions. These findings contribute to the understanding of the synergistic effects of solar light and heat, and guide the conversion of CO2 into fuel with the aid of solar energy.

关键词： Solar fuel Methane reforming CO 2 reduction Photo-thermochemical reaction

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Code development and characteristics analysis for Leak Before Break in the pipelines of Sodium-cooled Fast Reactor

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ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY 2019年 133卷 777-794页

作者： Wu, Di Gui, Minyang Zhang, Jing Wu, Yingwei Wang, Chenglong Wang, Mingjun Su, G. H. Xi An Jiao Tong Univ State Key Lab Multiphase Flow Power Engn Shanxi Key Lab Adv Nucl Energy & Technol Sch Nucl Sci & Technol Xian 710049 Shaanxi Peoples R China

The Leak Before Break (LBB) technology plays a vital role in the safety evaluation of Sodium-cooled Fast Reactor (SFR). In this study, the leak rate considered in LBB assessment of SFR was predicted and analyzed. Based on the models of fluid resistance in cracks, two-dimensional numerical simulation for leakage process of uniform cross-section axial cracks were conducted with Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to obtain recommended values of crack empirical parameters, including entrance resistance coefficient, effective parameters and friction factors. With consideration of the complex crack morphologies, the leak rate prediction models with a wide range of parameters were established for liquid sodium, and corresponding computation code (LAPIS) was developed. The proposed models were verified and validated by seepage model, numerical results and experimental data with deviations within 1%, 35% and 10%, respectively. The effects of the crack morphology and thermal-hydraulic parameters on the leak rate for tight and wide cracks were studied with the LAPIS. The leak rate increases with Crack Opening Displacement (COD), crack length, ratio of entrance to exit area, entrance resistance coefficient, stagnation pressure and decreases with temperature. This work could provide theoretical and technical support for the study of leak rate considered in LBB assessment of SFR. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： SFR LBB Leak rate Crack morphology Numerical simulation

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Simply blending Ni nanoparticles with typical photocatalysts for efficient photocatalytic H2 production

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CATALYSIS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019年第24期9卷 7016-7022页

作者： Cheng, Cheng Shi, Jinwen Du, Fan Zong, Shichao Guan, Xiangjiu Zhang, Yazhou Liu, Maochang Guo, Liejin Xian Jiaotong Univ XJTU State Key Lab Multiphase Flow Power Engn MFPE IRCRE 28 West Xianning Rd Xian 710049 Shaanxi Peoples R China

A photocatalytic system construction method of simply blending as-prepared Ni nanoparticles (Ni NPs) with g-C3N4 was carried out to greatly improve the photocatalytic activity of g-C3N4. In the photocatalytic H-2 production process, Ni NPs were not anchored on the surface of g-C3N4, but they existed in the reaction solution as freestanding nanoparticles;the continuous and frequent collision-contact between Ni NPs and g-C3N4 could efficiently promote the migration of photogenerated charges of g-C3N4, leading to an enhanced photocatalytic H-2-production activity. Moreover, this simple blend method can be applied to other photocatalysts (such as TiO2 and CdS), and this blend method provides a simple, repetitive and generally applicable way to build a noble-metal-free photocatalytic system for the efficient photocatalytic H-2-production activity of the photocatalyst with Ni as the cocatalyst.

关键词： Blending

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Liquid phase model and its coupling interaction with the ambient gas for the droplet heating and evaporation of highly volatile R134a

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER 2021年 166卷 120740-120740页

作者： Zhou, Zhi-Fu Yin, Jing Chen, Bin Liu, Bing Thrassos, Panidis Xi An Jiao Tong Univ State Key Lab Multiphase Flow Power Engn Xian 710049 Shaanxi Peoples R China Xian Res Inst Aerosp Power Measurement & Control Xian 710049 Shaanxi Peoples R China Univ Patras Mech Engn & Aeronaut Dept Lab Appl Thermodynam Rion 26504 Greece

Droplet evaporation plays a decisive role in determining the evolutions of droplet temperature, diameter, and velocity in sprays with low saturation temperature and high volatile mediums. This study conducts a comparative analysis of liquid phase models for single droplet heating and evaporation of high volatile R134a. Three traditional liquid phase models based on the assumption of infinitely large liquid thermal conductivity (lumped), limited thermal conductivity, and effective thermal conductivity and a recently proposed third-order polynomial temperature profile (third-order) liquid phase model based on the presentation of the temperature profile inside the droplet in cubic polynomial form without solving the heat conduction equation are introduced to predict the temporal evolutions of droplet temperature, diameter, and velocity, and the spatial evolution of temperature within the droplet. The coupling of heat and mass transfer between the droplet and its surrounding gas is incorporated into the liquid phase models to investigate its effect on droplet evaporation. The droplet temperature first undergoes a rapid decrease at the transient stage of evaporation and then decreases slowly to the minimum temperature (T-min). The droplet temperature in the transient stage depends highly on the choice of liquid phase models. T-min is mostly unaffected by the liquid phase models. The dependence of the droplet diameter at the transient stage of evaporation on the choice of the liquid phase model is stronger compared with the following steady stage. The droplet velocity is rarely influenced in the whole evaporation. The liquid phase models incorporating the coupling weaken the evaporation intensity, resulting in a high droplet temperature and large droplet diameter. The third-order liquid phase model incorporating the coupling model predicts T-min and agrees with the experimental data. This model can reflect reasonably the heat transfer enhancement by the recirculation insi

关键词： Droplet evaporation Liquid phase model Coupled model R134a Heat transfer Mass transfer

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Three-dimensional numerical simulation of the HECLA-4 transient MCCI experiment by improved MPS method

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NUCLEAR engineering AND DESIGN 2019年 347卷 95-107页

作者： Chen, Ronghua Cai, Qinghang Zhang, Penghui Li, Yonglin Guo, Kailun Tian, Wenxi Qiu, Suizheng Su, G. H. Xi An Jiao Tong Univ Sch Nucl Sci & Technol Shanxi Key Lab Adv Nucl Energy & Technol State Key Lab Multiphase Flow Power Engn Xian 710049 Shaanxi Peoples R China

The molten corium-concrete interaction (MCCI) is an important phenomenon after the failure of pressure vessel in a severe accident of nuclear reactor. It has been verified that the original Moving Particle Semi-implicit (MPS) method has the capacity to simulate some MCCI experiments. In this study, the original MPS method has been improved by including the explicit pressure calculation model to reduce the computational cost and enhance the computational speed. Then, the improved MPS method was validated by simulating the classical dam break problem, and the results agreed well with that of the original MPS method. Afterwards, the HECLA-4 transient MCCI test performed by VTT was simulated by the improved MPS method with a three dimensional particle configuration of about one million particles. The basemat and sidewall ablation fronts, melt pool temperature and concrete temperature at different positions predicted by MPS were in good agreement with the experimental results. All the above-mentioned simulations proved that MPS method using explicit pressure model is capable of simulating MCCI and related heat and mass transfer in multicomponent phase flow.

关键词： MPS method Explicit pressure model MCCI Numerical simulation

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