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Development in the application of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy in recent years:A review

Frontiers of physics 2021年第2期16卷 45-69页

作者： Lian-Bo Guo Deng Zhang Lan-Xiang Sun Shun-Chun Yao Lei Zhang Zhen-Zhen Wang Qian-Qian Wang Hong-Bin Ding Yuan Lu Zong-Yu Hou Zhe Wang Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics(WNLO) Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China State Key Laboratory of Robotics Shenyang Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesSheyang 110016China School of Electric Power South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices Institute of Laser SpectroscopyShanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China Key Laboratory of Photonic Information Technology School of Optics and PhotonicsBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China School of Physics Dalian University of TechnologyNo.2 Linggong RoadGanjingzi DistrictDalian 116024China Optics and Optoelectronics Laboratory Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China State Key Lab of Power Systems Department of Energy and Power EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS)has been widely studied due to its unique advantages such as remote sensing,real-time multi-elemental detection and none-to-little *** the efforts of researchers around the world,LIBS has been developed by leaps and ***,in recent years,more and more Chinese LIBS researchers have put tremendous energy in promoting LIBS *** is worth mentioning that the application of LIBS in a specific field has its special application background and technical difficulties,therefore it may develop in different stages.A review summarizing the current development status of LIBS in various fields would be helpful for the development of LIBS technology as well as its applications especially for Chinese LIBS community since most of the researchers in this field work in *** the present work,we summarized the research status and latest progress of main research groups in coal,metallurgy,and water,*** on the current research status,the challenges and opportunities of LIBS were evaluated,and suggestions were made to further promote LIBS applications.

关键词： laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy application

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Spin-to-orbital angular momentum conversion in non-Hermitian photonic graphene

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Zhang, Zhaoyang Kokhanchik, Pavel Liu, Zhenzhi Shen, Yutong Liu, Fu Liu, Maochang Zhang, Yanpeng Xiao, Min Malpuech, Guillaume Solnyshkov, Dmitry Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices Ministry of Education Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic Technique School of Electronic Science and Engineering Faculty of Electronics and Information Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China Institut Pascal PHOTON-N2 Université Clermont Auvergne CNRS Clermont INP Clermont-FerrandF-63000 France International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures School of Physics Nanjing University Nanjing210093 China Paris75231 France

Optical beams with orbital angular momentum (OAM) have numerous potential applications, but the means used for their generation often lack crucial on-demand control. In this work, we present a mechanism of converting spin angular momentum (SAM) to OAM in a non-structured beam. The conversion occurs through spin-orbit coupling in a reconfigurable photonic honeycomb lattice with staggering implemented by electromagnetically-induced transparency in an atomic vapor cell. The spin-orbit coupling allows to outcouple the OAM signal from a particular band in a given valley determined by the chirality of light or the lattice staggering, providing a non-zero Berry curvature for generating OAM. The dependence of the output OAM on the chirality of the input beam is the first control knob. The staggering works as a second control knob, flipping the sign of OAM for the fixed chirality. The demonstrated conversion between SAM and OAM is important for optical communications. Our results can be extended to other implementations of paraxial photonic graphene. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Angular momentum

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A discrete unified gas kinetic scheme with sparse velocity grid for rarefied gas flows

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COMPUTERS & FLUIDS 2024年 283卷

作者： Zhang, Shuyang Li, Weidong Fang, Ming Guo, Zhaoli Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol Sch Energy & Power Engn State Key Lab Coal Combust Wuhan 430074 Peoples R China China Aerodynam Res & Dev Ctr Hyperveloc Aerodynam Inst Mianyang 621000 Peoples R China China Aerodynam Res & Dev Ctr Lab Aerodynam Multiple Flow Regimes Mianyang 621000 Peoples R China Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol Inst Interdisciplinary Res Math & Appl Sci Wuhan 430074 Peoples R China

In this paper, a discrete unified gas kinetic scheme (DUGKS) with a sparse grid method applied in velocity space (DUGKS-SG) is proposed for simulating rarefied gas flows. The DUGKS-SG decomposes the computationally demanding problem into smaller and independent subproblems, thereby reducing the computational costs and exhibiting good parallelism. Several numerical tests, including the two-dimensional Riemann problem and the lid-driven microcavity flow, have been conducted to validate the performance of the DUGKS-SG. Comparisons with the original DUGKS and the Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method demonstrate that DUGKS-SG can provide satisfactory results with improved efficiency. Specifically, a maximum speedup of 9.486 for a 2D case with 7 CPU cores and 13.035 for a 3D case with 8 CPU cores can be achieved. These results suggest that the proposed DUGKS-SG can serve as an efficient numerical method for rarefied gas flow simulations.

关键词： Rarefied gas flow Discrete unified gas kinetic scheme Sparse grids method Parallel efficiency

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Kramers' problem and the Knudsen minimum: A theoretical analysis using a linearized 26-moment approach

Kramers' problem and the Knudsen minimum: A theoretical anal...

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作者： Gu, Xiao-Jun Emerson, David R. Tang, Gui-Hua Computational Science and Engineering Department STFC Daresbury Laboratory Warrington WA4 4AD United Kingdom School of Energy and Power Engineering State Key Lab of Multiphase Flow Xi'An Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China

A set of linearized 26 moment equations, along with their wall boundary conditions, are derived and used to study low-speed gas flows dominated by Knudsen layers. Analytical solutions are obtained for Kramers' defect velocity and the velocity-slip coefficient. These results are compared to the numerical solution of the BGK kinetic equation. From the analysis, a new effective viscosity model for the Navier-Stokes equations is proposed. In addition, an analytical expression for the velocity field in planar pressure-driven Poiseuille flow is derived. The mass flow rate obtained from integrating the velocity profile shows good agreement with the results from the numerical solution of the linearized Boltzmann equation. These results are good for Knudsen numbers up to 3 and for a wide range of accommodation coefficients. The Knudsen minimum phenomenon is also well captured by the present linearized 26-moment equations. © 2009 Springer-Verlag.

关键词： Method of moments

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Engine performance and emissions of a compression ignition engine operating on the diesel-methanol blends

Engine performance and emissions of a compression ignition e...

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作者： Huang, Z.H. Lu, H.B. Jiang, D.M. Zeng, K. Liu, B. Zhang, J.Q. Wang, X.B. State Key Lab. Multiphase Flow P. Xi'An Jiaotong University Xi'an China Sch. of Energy and Power Engineering Xi'An Jiaotong University Xi'an China Coll. of Ener. and Power Engineering Inst. of Internal Combustion Engines Xi'An Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China

A stabilized diesel-methanol blend was realized and a study on the performance and emissions of the diesel-methanol blend was carried out in a compression ignition engine. The study showed that the engine thermal efficiency increases and the diesel equivalent b.s.f.c. decreases with increase in the oxygen mass fraction (or methanol mass fraction) of the diesel-methanol blends due to an increased fraction of premixed combustion phase, oxygen enrichment and improvement in the diffusive combustion phase. Further increase in the fuel delivery advance angle will achieve a better engine thermal efficiency when the diesel engine is operated using the diesel-methanol fuel blends. A marked reduction in the exhaust CO and smoke can be achieved when operating with the diesel-methanol blend. There is not a large variation in the exhaust hydrocarbon with the addition of methanol in diesel fuel. NOx increases with increase in the mass of methanol added;methanol addition to diesel fuel was found to have a strong influence on the NOx concentration at high engine loads rather than at low engine loads, and a flat NOx-smoke trade-off curve exists when operating with the diesel-methanol fuel blends.

关键词： Ignition systems

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Experimental study on single-phase flow resistance characteristics of rectangular channels with lateral non-uniform heating 18

Experimental study on single-phase flow resistance character...

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18th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulics, NURETH 2019

作者： Sun, Rulei Zhang, D.L. Zhou, Jiancheng Song, Gongle Tian, Wenxi Qiu, Suizheng Su, G.H. Shaanxi Key Lab. of Advanced Nuclear Energy and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China School of Nuclear Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University No. 28 Xianning West Road Xi'an China

The state-of-the-art studies on single-phase flow and hear transfer in narrow rectangular channels shows some difference with the conventional theory. In this paper, the experimental study of vertical upward flow resistance of single-phase water in rectangular channels is carried out under isothermal and non-isothermal conditions. The purpose of this study is to reveal the flow resistance of narrow rectangular channels and focus on the effect of transverse non-uniform heating. The geometric dimensions of the test section are as follows: depth 2.0 mm, aspect ratio 30. The experimental results show that the friction coefficient of rectangular narrow channel under isothermal condition is obviously larger than that of conventional channels, and the transition zone is 2600 © 2019 American Nuclear Society. All rights reserved.

关键词： Aspect ratio

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On Dynamic Behavior of Triangular Shaped Cantilevers in MEMS Sensors: Effect of Curvature

On Dynamic Behavior of Triangular Shaped Cantilevers in MEMS...

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2010 10th IEEE International Conference on Solid-state and Integrated Circuit Technology(第十届固态和集成电路技术国际会议 ICSICT-2010)

作者： Guo-Ying Yuan En-Ze Huang Gui-Ming Zhang Zhuang-De Jiang Li-Bo Zhao Yong Li Zhi-Gang Liu State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 State Key Laboratory of Tribology Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China State Key Lab of Multiple Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424457977

A study on the effect of curvature of triangular shaped cantilevers in MEMS sensors was presented. 3-D models were performed by using the SolidWorks software. And modal analysis and harmonic response analysis were carried out on different types of geometrically configured triangular shaped cantilevers using ANSYS software. The results included the variation of natural frequencies of cantilevers and maximum equivalent von mises strain on the cantilevers with respect to radius of curvature of triangular shaped cantilevers. According to the finite element analysis results, the curvature did affect dynamic behavior of triangular shaped cantilevers in MEMS sensors. Usually, the curvature is induced by the surface stress due to microprocessing or any change of temperature, etc. Therefore, in order to achieve a steady state of strain for the MEMS sensors, it's better to eliminate the surface stress and make the cantilever transform from a curved cantilever to a straight cantilever.

关键词： CANTILEVER Curvature Surface stress Triangular Microelectromechanical systems Sensors Microtechnology Response analysis

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A study of the effect of microstructure on liquid-solid impact

A study of the effect of microstructure on liquid-solid impa...

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International Conference on power engineering, ICOPE 2015

作者： Teng, Zhaohui Li, Na Zhou, Qulan Chen, Xi State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering Columbia University New YorkNY10027 United States International Center for Applied Mechanics SV Lab School of Aerospace Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China

Liquid drops hit against solid surface, which has an enormous influence on the mechanical properties of base solid surface during its service. Impact of the droplet makes the solid surface and some internal section of the base solid material generate high stress. The conical microstructure may decrease the dimensionless equivalent stress in solid. We investigated the effect of the microstructure with three different sizes by numerical simulation. In the paper, detail theoretic analyses of liquid-solid impact were carried out. Here the mathematics physics model was built to solve the liquid-solid impact problem The numerical method coupling liquid and solid region was designed and the impact procedure of spherical droplet to solid materials was simulated. We acquired the pressure distribution inside water drop and the transient equivalent stress field inside solid. High stress at the solid surface and some internal sections arose from impact of the droplet. The sections in solid with highest stress can be classified into the contact edge and the axis due to stress superposition. The stress in solid declined slightly at the condition with the microstructure (5μm high and a diameter of 1μm). The microstructure (50μm high and a diameter of 10μm) in this paper considerably decreased the average stress in solid. They may store liquid and yield a liquid film higher than the thickness of the microstructure, undertaking the droplet impact and acting as a cushion to the stress concentration in solid. These results may play a role in evaluating the base solid service properties based on the fundamental solution of liquid-solid impact and be valuable to understand the internal mechanism of liquid-solid impact, and are helpful to prevent the erosion of droplet to the solid materials. © 2015 The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers.

关键词： Microstructure

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Modified Stainless Steel as Anode Materials in Bioelectrochemical Systems

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ACS Symposium Series 2020年 1342卷 165-184页

作者： Pu, Kai-Bo Bai, Ji-Rui Chen, Qing-Yun Wang, Yun-Hai Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China State Key Lab of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China

As a promising anode material in bioelectrochemical systems (BESs), stainless steel-based bioanodes were reviewed. The anode material must have good biocompatibility, excellent electrical conductivity, large specific surface area, high corrosion resistance, and a low cost. The design of stainless steel-based bioanodes has been the focus of numerous research studies over the past decade. The present chapter summarizes and discusses the recent advances in stainless steel-based bioanodes and their configurations. The stainless steel-based bioanodes will be discussed in terms of optimization of stainless steel structures, carbon modification, metal oxide modification, conductive polymer modification, and others. © 2019 American Chemical Society. All rights reserved.

关键词： Corrosion resistance

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Experimental and numerical investigation of the influence of roughness and turbulence on LUT airfoil performance

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2019年第6期35卷 1178-1190页

作者： Shoutu Li Ye Li Congxin Yang Xiaobo Zheng Qing Wang Yin Wang Deshun Li Wenrui Hu School of Energy and Power Engineering Lanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou 730050China Gansu Provincial Technology Centre for Wind Turbines Lanzhou 730050China Key Laboratory of Fluid Machinery and Systems Lanzhou 730050China Lab of Multiple Function Towing Tank School of Naval ArchitectureOcean and Civil EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering School of Naval ArchitectureOcean and Civil EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Ship and Deep-Sea Exploration Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Key Laboratory of Hydrodynamics(Ministry of Education) Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Institute of Mechanics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100080China

Vertical-axis wind turbines(VAWTs)have been widely used in urban environments,which contain dust and experience strong ***,airfoils for VAWTs in urban environments have received considerably less research attention than those for horizontal-axis wind turbines(HAWTs).In this study,the sensitivity of a new VAWT airfoil developed at the Lanzhou University of Technology(LUT)to roughness was investigated via a wind tunnel *** results show that the LUT airfoil is less sensitive to roughness at a roughness height of<0.35 ***,the drag bucket of the LUT airfoil decreases with increasing roughness ***,the loads on the LUT airfoil during dynamic stall were studied at different turbulence intensities using a numerical method at a tip-speed ratio of *** the stall,the turbulence intensity did not considerably affect the normal or tangential force coefficients of the LUT ***,after the stall,the normal force coefficient varied obviously at low turbulence ***,as the turbulence intensity increased,the normal and tangential force coefficients decreased rapidly,particularly in the downwind region of the VAWT.

关键词： Airfoil Dynamic load Roughness Vertical-axis wind turbines(VAWTs) Wind tunnel experiment

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