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Formation mechanism and microstructure evolution of light etched region during rolling contact fatigue in M50 steel

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND technology-JMR&T 2023年 24卷 8955-8966页

作者： Lu, Xingyu Zhou, Lina Lei, Chengshuai Liu, Hongwei Lan, Huifang Northeastern Univ State Key Lab Rolling & Automation Shenyang 110819 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Met Res Shenyang Natl Lab Mat Sci Shenyang 110016 Peoples R China AECC Harbin Bearing Co Ltd Harbin 150025 Peoples R China

The microstructure evolution and formation mechanism of lighting etched region (LER) during rolling contact fatigue (RCF) in M50 steel are systematically investigated. The results indicates that LER is a kind of microstructure degeneration due to the accumulation of plastic strain. Finite element simulation indicates that, under 5 GPa contact pressure, the equivalent stress at the subsurface exceeds the yield strength of M50 steel and, thus, in-duces plastic deformation. The dislocation density and fraction of grain boundaries in-crease in LER and thus the grain size is refined and the micro-hardness increases. The microstructure evolution in LER during RCF is divided into four stages. Stage 1: dislocations and GBs increase significantly, while the micro-hardness remains almost unchanged with the increase of RCF cycles;Stage 2: GBs and micro-hardness increase gradually with the increase of RCF cycles;Stage 3: LAGBs evolve to HAGBs and thus the total length of LAGBs decreases and the total length of HAGBs increases. Dislocation density and micro-hardness both increase with the increase of RCF cycles;Stage 4: dislocations and GBs continue to increase with the increase of RCF cycles due to accumulation of plastic deformation, and the micro-hardness also increases.& COPY;2023 Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

关键词： M50 steel rolling contact fatigue Light etching Microstructure evolution Finite element simulation

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Cr-enriched carbide induced stabilization of austenite to improve the ductility of a 1.7 GPa-press-hardened steel

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SCRIPTA MATERIALIA 2023年 224卷

作者： Chai, Zhisong Wang, Lingyu Wang, Zhou Lu, Qi Hu, Jun Sun, Wenwen Wang, Jianfeng Xu, Wei Northeastern Univ State Key Lab Rolling & Automation Shenyang 110819 Peoples R China China Sci Lab Gen Motors Global Res & Dev Shanghai 201206 Peoples R China Southeast Univ Dept Mat Sci & Engn Nanjing 211189 Peoples R China

Obtaining a desired quantity of retained austenite (RA) in press-hardened steels (PHSs) with a martensitic matrix is of great interest for the performance of safety critical components in vehicle bodies, as it improves the ductility/toughness without compromising strength. In this study, RA in a 1.7 GPa-PHS was stabilized via local chemical heterogeneity associated with Cr-enriched carbides. The Cr-rich carbide was introduced as a temporary reservoir of Cr and C into the pre-hot stamping microstructure by an annealing treatment. During the subsequent austenitization in hot stamping, the slow decomposition kinetics of Cr-rich carbide contributed to localized enrichment of Cr and C, which stabilized the austenite and resulted in a significant amount of RA with a core -shell structure after die quenching. Finally, sufficient RA ensured that the 1.7 GPa-PHS had a total elongation of-9.3%, which is about 43% higher than that of the 1.5 GPa-PHS grade 22MnB5 (-6.5%).

关键词： Press-hardened steel Cr-enriched carbide Retained austenite Core-shell structure Mechanical properties

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Effect of Cu particles on microstructure and mechanical properties of an AA6061-10Cu hybrid material fabricated by extrusion of powder blend

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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND technology-JMR&T 2025年 35卷 6296-6311页

作者： Zhao, Meiying Zhang, Yufeng Zhang, Dianhua Zhang, Deliang Northeastern Univ Sch Mat Sci & Engn Shenyang 110819 Peoples R China Northeastern Univ State Key Lab Rolling & Automation Shenyang 110819 Liaoning Peoples R China Northeastern Univ Natl Frontiers Sci Ctr Ind Intelligence & Syst Opt Shenyang 110819 Peoples R China Northeastern Univ Key Lab Data Analyt & Optimizat Smart Ind Minist Educ Shenyang 110819 Peoples R China

In this study, an AA6061 alloy with 10 vol% Cu (AA061-10Cu) hybrid material was fabricated through hot extrusion of a compacted AA6061/Cu powder blend, followed by a tailored T6 heat treatment. The incorporation of Cu particles significantly promoted continuous dynamic recrystallization (CDRX) of the AA6061 matrix through the particle stimulated nucleation (PSN) mechanism and facilitated the diffusion of 2.25 wt% Cu into the AA6061 matrix. The combined effects of CDRX and Cu diffusion led to a substantial reduction in grain size from 6.1 to 2.5 mu m and an increase in the microhardness of the AA6061 matrix from 47 to 65 HV in the as-extruded AA6061-10Cu hybrid material. After the tailored T6 heat treatment, the microhardness of the AA6061 matrix further increased to 88 HV, which remained significantly higher than that of the AA6061 alloy subjected to the same treatment. The enhanced ultimate tensile strength of the hybrid material, compared to the AA6061 alloy, was attributed to grain boundary strengthening from matrix grain refinement, additional Orowan strengthening due to Al2Cu precipitates, and heterodeformation induced (HDI) hardening resulting from the hardnesses mismatch between Cu particles and the matrix. Consequently, the ultimate tensile strength of the hybrid material was markedly higher than that of the AA6061 alloy in both the as-extruded state (207 vs. 166 MPa) and the tailored T6 heat treated state (253 vs. 176 MPa).

关键词： Aluminum alloy matrix hybrid materials Powder metallurgy Heterostructure Mechanical properties

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Phase inversion in a lightweight high Al content refractory high-entropy alloy

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Journal of Materials Science & technology 2023年第19期150卷 124-137页

作者： Kuan Gao Yuexin Chu Weihua Zhou Yong Tian Yong Zhang Yi Li Beijing Advanced Innovation Center of Materials Genome Engineering State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and MaterialsUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation Northeastern UniversityShenyang110004China Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China

Adding Al is an important strategy to obtain ultrahigh specific strength in BCC refractory high-entropy alloys(RHEAs).However,the main structure typically transitions from disordered BCC to ordered B2 with increasing Al concentration,leading to poor *** the present study,a phase inversion in a high-Al-content B2-RHEA(Zr_(40)Ti_(28)Nb_(12)Al_(20))was systematically studied through thermo-mechanical *** grains of the single B2 phase transformed inversely to the BCC+B2 microstructure with a dispersion of spherical B2 precipitates in the BCC *** evolution of the microstructure began with the decomposition of the B2 phase into Al-rich and Al-poor *** subsequent coarsening of the Al-rich B2 precipitates continuously consumes Al and Zr atoms from the *** depletion of Al and Zr in the matrix drives it to gradually form the disordered BCC structure and eventually transform to a single BCC phase *** phase inversion enhanced tensile ductility of the RHEA while still maintaining its high specific *** current study provides a novel idea for inhibiting Al-induced brittleness of RHEAs at high Al content.

关键词： High-entropy alloys Tensile properties Ordered B2 phase Strengthening mechanism Phase inversion

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The role of austenite grain size on martensite start temperature and phase transformation path in SUS321 stainless steel

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MATERIALS LETTERS 2023年第1期342卷

作者： Li, Yong Wang, Chenchong Northeastern Univ State Key Lab Rolling & Automation Shenyang 110819 Liaoning Peoples R China

The change in Ms and transformation path of gamma ->alpha ' transformation with austenite grain size (AGS) has been investigated by a thermodynamic model of martensitic transformation and the stacking fault energy (SFE) in SUS321 stainless steel. With increasing AGS, the Ms increases and the SFE decreases. A good linear relationship is established between the Ms and the SFE. This result suggests that the martensitic transformation path changes as the AGS decreases, and the gamma ->epsilon ->alpha ' sequence is gradually suppressed when the AGS is smaller than 3.5 mu m.

关键词： Phase transformation Microstructure Thermodynamics and kinetics of processes in materials Stacking fault energy

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Deep learning-based digital twin for intelligent predictive maintenance of rapier loom

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Journal of Intelligent and Fuzzy Systems 2024年第4期46卷 9409-9430页

作者： Xiao, Yanjun Li, Rui Zhao, Yue Wang, Xiaoliang Liu, Weiling Peng, Kai Wan, Feng School of Mechanical Engineering Hebei University of Technology Tianjin China Career Leader Intelligent Control Automation Company Jiangsu Province Suqian China Tianjin Key Lab Power Transmiss & Safety Technol Department State Key Lab Reliabil & Intellectual Elect Tianjin China

The rapier loom works in a complex environment and operates at high speeds. It is inevitable that its performance will deteriorate during the production process, which in turn will cause faults. The development of maintenance has undergone the transition from "regular maintenance" and "post-event maintenance" to "predictive maintenance". In order to achieve the synergistic optimization goal of ensuring operational safety and reducing operational costs, a predictive maintenance method driven by the fusion of digital twin and deep learning is proposed based on the idea of "combining the real with the virtual and controlling the real". Firstly, a digital twin system structure model of rapier weaving machine is constructed, and the overall architecture of digital twin is proposed according to the full operation cycle of rapier weaving machine. Then, the digital twin-driven process parameter evaluation and prediction and health state evaluation and prediction are investigated separately. In order to achieve the evaluation and prediction of process parameters to ensure the efficiency of weaving machine operation, the prediction method of IWOA optimized BP neural network driven by twin data is proposed and the model is updated and optimized based on the martingale distance approach. In order to achieve health state assessment and prediction, we use health index as an evaluation index to characterize the health condition of spindles, and use BiLSTM network to achieve prediction of remaining spindle life and then make maintenance decisions. The results show that there are greater advantages to combining deep learning and digital twin technology for intelligent predictive maintenance of rapier loom. © 2024 – IOS Press.

关键词： Forecasting

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Analytical model for temperature prediction of hot-rolled strip based on symplectic space Hamiltonian system

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER 2023年第1期213卷

作者： Wu, Hao Sun, Jie Peng, Wen Zhang, Dianhua Northeastern Univ State Key Lab Rolling & Automation Shenyang 110819 Liaoning Peoples R China

The cooling process of hot-rolled strip has an important influence on the mechanical and metallurgi-cal properties of the final product. In particular, the uneven temperature of the hot-rolled strip in the run-out table cooling after rolling will lead to the formation of residual stress and eventually cause the flatness defects. Therefore, this study focused on the temperature distribution prediction of steel strips during run-out table cooling. For this purpose, an analytical model for calculating temperature distribu-tion of strip width and thickness is presented. It is different from the traditional analytical models, this study introduces the two-dimensional heat conduction equation with an internal heat source under the traditional Lagrange system into the symplectic space Hamiltonian system to obtain the symplectic dual equations. Meanwhile, symplectic superposition method is used to deal with complex cooling boundary conditions. The symplectic analytical solution of the two-dimensional temperature field is calculated by strict derivation without any assumptions or predetermination of the solution forms. In order to verify the accuracy of the symplectic analytical solution, a temperature -phase transformation coupled finite element model for run-out table cooling of hot strip was established. Then the accuracy of the finite element model is verified by the measured data. Finally, it has been determined that the symplectic ana-lytical solution exhibits a high degree of consistency with the computed results obtained from the finite element model.(c) 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hot-rolled strip Temperature prediction Heat transfer Analytical model Symplectic analytical solution

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Soft Robotic Finger with Energy-Coupled Quadrastability

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Soft Robotics 2024年第1期11卷 140-156页

作者： Sun, Zijie Jiang, Tianqi Wang, Zhenyu Jiang, Pei Yang, Yang Li, Huaqiang Ma, Teng Luo, Ji State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission Chongqing University Chongqing China Lab The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong School of Automation Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing China

The performance of the human finger is a significant inspiration for designing soft robotic fingers that can achieve high speed and high force or perform delicate and complex tasks. Existing soft grippers and actuators can be excellent in specific capabilities. However, it is still challenging for them to meet an all-around performance as the human finger, characterized by high actuation speed, wide grasping range, sensing ability, and gentle and high-load grasping capability. The proposed tendon pulley quadrastable (TPQ) finger has combined these qualities in the conducted gripping tasks. A pair of elastic tendons is utilized as the sole energy reservoir to create a novel energy distribution pattern: energy-coupled quadrastability. An energy model is built to analyze and predict the behaviors of the TPQ finger. Mechanical instability is utilized to enhance the actuation speed. The proposed soft lever mechanism endows the TPQ finger with sensing ability. The energy barrier adjusting plates control the energy barrier, adjusting the sensitivity of both active and passive actuation mechanisms. The transition of four stable states forms preplanned trajectories that are applied to create multiple grasping manners. Experiments show that it can respond to stimuli and finish a grasping task in merely 31 ms, and its payload can reach 33.25 kg. At the same time, it can also handle fragile objects such as a piece of rose and grasp a wide range of objects ranging from a thin nut (3.3 mm in height) or a thin card (0.76 mm thick) to a football (220 mm). © 2024 Mary Ann Liebert Inc.. All rights reserved.

关键词： Robotic arms

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Research on SRM control strategy for looms based on multi-Algorithm fusion

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Journal of Intelligent and Fuzzy Systems 2024年第4期46卷 7933-7957页

作者： Xiao, Yanjun Pei, Eryue Shi, Linhan Peng, Kai Liu, Weiling School of Mechanical Engineering Hebei University of Technology Tianjin China Career Leader Intelligent Control Automation Company Jiangsu Province Suqian China Tianjin Key Lab Power Transmiss Safety Technol Dept State Key Lab Reliabil Intellectual Elect Tianjin China

In order to solve the problem that Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM) generates torque pulsation phenomenon during operation, which reduces the stability of loom spindle operation, this paper proposes and designs a multi-Algorithm fusion-based SRM control strategy from the point of view of control strategy research. Combined with the operating characteristics of the loom, the causes of SRM torque pulsation are analyzed from the point of view of SRM control strategy, and combined with the spindle control indexes, the voltage chopper control and torque distribution function are introduced to construct the SRM control strategy scheme for the loom. On this basis, an optimization strategy based on the fusion of fuzzy control algorithm, particle swarm algorithm and simulated annealing algorithm is proposed to optimize the torque distribution function, and the algorithmic process of SRM control strategy is verified through comparative tests. The results show that the control strategy can make its torque pulsation reduced to less than 10%, the speed rise time is less than 0.1s, and the relative error of the speed is less than 0.05%, which meets the index requirements of the spindle drive. This proves that the SRM torque pulsation can be reduced by the multi-Algorithm fusion control strategy without increasing the hardware cost, which provides a useful reference for solving the SRM torque pulsation problem under the requirement of low cost. © 2024-IOS Press. All rights reserved.

关键词： Distribution functions

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Unconventional metamagnetic phase transition in R_(2)In(R=Nd, Pr)with lambda-like specific heat and nonhysteresis

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Journal of Materials Science & technology 2022年第6期101卷 80-84页

作者： Weibin Cui Guiquan Yao Shengyu Sun Qiang Wang Jie Zhu Sen Yang Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Processing of Materials Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metals and Materials University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

The phase transition of Nd_(2)In and Pr_(2)In has been studied and found to be between the first-order and second-order *** any hysteresis nor obvious cell volume changes are *** the field-triggered metamagnetism is demonstrated with lambda-like peak on specific heat *** the field change of 7 T,giant magnetic entropy changes of 13.2 J kg^(-1)K^(-1) and 19.5 J kg^(-1)K^(-1) and adiabatic temperature changes of 6.5 K and 7.4 K have been achieved in Nd_(2)In and Pr_(2) In alloys respectively,which is partially contributed by strong magnetoelastic coupling represented by high saturation magnetostriction of~450 *** unique feature is proposed to be originated from the delocalized 5d electrons,as evidenced by the negative magnetoresistance caused by the phase transition.

关键词： Metamagnetic transition Magnetic entropy change Magnetocaloric effects Magnetostriction

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