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The diversity and ecological significance of microbial traits potentially involved in B_(12) biosynthesis in the global ocean

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mLife 2023年第4期2卷 416-427页

作者： Jiayin Zhou Wei Qin Xinda Lu Yunfeng Yang David Stahl Nianzhi Jiao Jizhong Zhou Jihua Liu Qichao Tu Institute of Marine Science and Technology Shandong UniversityQingdaoChina Joint Lab for Ocean Research and Education at Dalhousie University Shandong University and Xiamen UniversityQingdaoChina School of Biological Sciences University of OklahomaNormanOklahomaUSA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMassachusettsUSA State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA Institute of Marine Microbes and Ecospheres Xiamen UniversityXiamenChina Earth and Environmental Sciences Lawrence Berkeley NationalLaboratoryBerkeley CaliforniaUSA Institutefr Environmental Genomics University of OklahomaNormanOklahomaUSA School of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences University of OklahomaNormanOklahomaUSA School of Computer Sciences University of OklahomaNormanOklahomaUSA DermBiont Inc. BostonMassachusettsUSA

Cobalamin(B_(12)),an essential nutrient and growth cofactor for many living organisms on Earth,can be fully synthesized only by selected prokaryotes in ***,microbial communities related to B_(12) biosynthesis could serve as an example subsystem to disentangle the underlying ecological mechanisms balancing the function and taxonomic make-up of complex functional *** anchoring microbial traits potentially involved in B_(12) biosynthesis,we depict the biogeographic patterns of B_(12) biosynthesis genes and the taxa harboring them in the global ocean,despite the limitations of detecting de novo B_(12) synthesizers via metagenomes *** the taxonomic and functional composition of B_(12) biosynthesis genes were strongly shaped by depth,differentiating the epipelagic zones from the mesopelagic *** genes related to B_(12) biosynthesis were relatively stably distributed across different oceans,but the taxa harboring them varied considerably,showing clear functional redundancy among microbial *** taxa carrying B_(12) biosynthesis genes in the surface water were influenced by environmental factors such as temperature,oxygen,and ***,the composition of functional genes was only weakly associated with these environmental *** model analyses demonstrated that determinism governed the variations in B_(12) biosynthesis genes,whereas a higher degree of stochasticity was associated with taxonomic *** associations were observed between the chlorophyll a concentration and B_(12) biosynthesis,confirming its importance in primary production in the global *** results of this study reveal an essential ecological mechanism governing the assembly of microbes in nature:the environment selects for function rather than taxonomy;functional redundancy underlies stochastic community assembly.

关键词： B_(12)biosynthesis community assembly functional genes functional redundancy ocean primary production

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SARLR: Self-adaptive recommendation of learning resources 14

SARLR: Self-adaptive recommendation of learning resources

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14th International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems Workshops, ITS 2018

作者： Liu, Liping Wu, Wenjun Huang, Jiankun State Key Lab of Software Development Environment Department of Computer Science and Engineering Beihang University Beijing China

Personalized recommendation is important for online students to select rich learning resources and make their own learning schedules. We propose SARLR, a new self-adaptive recommendation algorithm of online learning resources. The SARLR algorithm integrates an IRT-based learning cognitive model named T-BMIRT into the recommendation framework and is able to adaptively adjust learning path recommendations based on dynamic of individual learning process. The experimental results show that the SARLR algorithm outperforms the existing recommendation algorithms. © 2019 CEUR-WS. All rights reserved.

关键词： Learning algorithms

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Ride-Hailing for Autonomous Vehicles: Hyperledger Fabric-Based Secure and Decentralize Blockchain Platform

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2022年

作者： Shivers, Ryan Rahman, Mohammad Ashiqur Faruk, Md Jobair Hossain Shahriar, Hossain Cuzzocrea, Alfredo Ryan, Victor Clincy Department of Computer Science Tennessee Tech University United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Florida International University United States Department of Software Engineering and Game Development Kennesaw State University United States Department of Information Technology Kennesaw State University United States iDEA Lab University of Calabria Rende Italy LORIA Nancy France Department of Computer Science Kennesaw State University United States

Ride-hailing and ride-sharing applications have recently gained popularity as a convenient alternative to traditional modes of travel. Current research into autonomous vehicles is accelerating rapidly and will soon become a critical component of a ride-hailing platforms architecture. Implementing an autonomous vehicle ride-hailing platform proves a difficult challenge due to the centralized nature of traditional ride-hailing architectures. In a traditional ride-hailing environment the drivers operate their own personal vehicles so it follows that a fleet of autonomous vehicles would be required for a centralized ride-hailing platform to succeed. Decentralization of the ride-hailing platform would remove a roadblock along the way to an autonomous vehicle ride-hailing platform by allowing owners of autonomous vehicles to add their vehicles to a community-driven fleet when not in use. Blockchain technology is an attractive choice for this decentralized architecture due to its immutability and fault tolerance. This thesis proposes a framework for developing a decentralized ride-hailing architecture that is verifiably secure. This framework is implemented on the Hyperledger Fabric blockchain platform. The evaluation of the implementation is done by applying known security models, utilizing a static analysis tool, and performing a performance analysis under heavy network load. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Autonomous vehicles

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Student-teacher feature pyramid matching for anomaly detection

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2021年

作者： Wang, Guodong Han, Shumin Ding, Errui Huang, Di State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment Beihang University Beijing China School of Computer Science and Engineering Beihang University Beijing China Department of Computer Vision Technology Baidu Inc. Beijing China

Anomaly detection is a challenging task and usually formulated as an one-class learning problem for the unexpectedness of anomalies. This paper proposes a simple yet powerful approach to this issue, which is implemented in the student-teacher framework for its advantages but substantially extends it in terms of both accuracy and efficiency. Given a strong model pre-trained on image classification as the teacher, we distill the knowledge into a single student network with the identical architecture to learn the distribution of anomaly-free images and this one-step transfer preserves the crucial clues as much as possible. Moreover, we integrate the multi-scale feature matching strategy into the framework, and this hierarchical feature matching enables the student network to receive a mixture of multi-level knowledge from the feature pyramid under better supervision, thus allowing to detect anomalies of various sizes. The difference between feature pyramids generated by the two networks serves as a scoring function indicating the probability of anomaly occurring. Due to such operations, our approach achieves accurate and fast pixel-level anomaly detection. Very competitive results are delivered on the MVTec anomaly detection dataset, superior to the state of the art ones. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Anomaly detection

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Temporal transformer networks with self-supervision for action recognition

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2021年

作者： Zhang, Yongkang Li, Jun Wu, Guoming Zhang, Han Shi, Zhiping Liu, Zhaoxun Wu, Zizhang Jiang, Na The Information Engineering College Capital Normal University Beijing100048 China The State Key Lab of Software Development Environment School of Computer Science and Engineering Beihang University Beijing100191 China The Computer Vision Perception Department of ZongMu Technology Shanghai201203 China

In recent years, 2D Convolutional Networks-based video action recognition has encouragingly gained wide popularity;However, constrained by the lack of long-range non-linear temporal relation modeling and reverse motion information modeling, the performance of existing models is, therefore, undercut seriously. To address this urgent problem, we introduce a startling Temporal Transformer Network with Self-supervision (TTSN). Our high-performance TTSN mainly consists of a temporal transformer module and a temporal sequence self-supervision module. Concisely speaking, we utilize the efficient temporal transformer module to model the nonlinear temporal dependencies among non-local frames, which significantly enhances complex motion feature representations. The temporal sequence self-supervision module we employ unprecedentedly adopts the streamlined strategy of "random batch random channel" to reverse the sequence of video frames, allowing robust extractions of motion information representation from inversed temporal dimensions and improving the generalization capability of the model. Extensive experiments on three widely used datasets (HMDB51, UCF101, and Something-something V1) have conclusively demonstrated that our proposed TTSN is promising as it successfully achieves state-of-the-art performance for action recognition. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Machine learning

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Noninherited Factors in Fetal Congenital Heart Diseases Based on Bayesian Network:A Large Multicenter Study

引用

Congenital Heart Disease 2021年第6期16卷 529-549页

作者： Yanping Ruan Xiangyu Liu Haogang Zhu Yijie Lu Xiaowei Liu Jiancheng Han Lin Sun Ye Zhang Xiaoyan Gu Ying Zhao Lei Li Suzhen Ran Jingli Chen Qiong Yu Yan Xu Hongmei Xia Yihua He Department of Echocardiography Maternal-Fetal Medicine Research Consultation CenterBeijing Anzhen HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing100029China School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing100083China State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment School of Computer Science and EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijing100191China Department of Ultrasound Chongqing Health Center for Women and ChildrenChongqing400013China Department of Ultrasound Urumqi Maternal and Child Health HospitalUrumqi830001China Department of Ultrasound Pingxiang Maternal and Child CarePingxiang337055China Department of Ultrasound People’s Hospital of RizhaoRizhao276800China Department of Ultrasound Xinqiao Hospital Army Medical UniversityChongqing400038China

Background:Current studies have confirmed that fetal congenital heart diseases(CHDs)are caused by various ***,the quantitative risk of CHD is not clear given the combined effects of multiple ***:This cross-sectional study aimed to detect associated factors of fetal CHD using a Bayesian network in a large sample and quantitatively analyze relative risk ratios(RRs).Methods:Pregnant women who underwent fetal echocardiography(N=16,086 including 3,312 with CHD fetuses)were ***-six maternal and fetal factors were obtained.A Bayesian network is constructed based on all variables through structural learning and parameter learning methods to find the environmental factors that directly and indirectly associated with outcome,and the probability of fetal CHD in the two groups is predicted through a junction tree reasoning algorithm,so as to obtain RR for fetal CHD under different exposure factor *** into account the effect of gestational week on the accuracy of model prediction,we conducted sensitivity analysis on gestational week ***:The single-factor analysis showed that the RRs for the numbers of births,spontaneous abortions,and parental smoking were 1.50,1.38,and 1.11(P<0.001),*** risk gradually increased with the synergistic effect of ranging from one to more environmental factors *** risk was higher among subjects with five synergistic factors,including the number of births,upper respiratory tract infection during early pregnancy,anemia,and mental stress as well as a history of spontaneous abortions or parental smoking,than in those with less than 5 factors(RR=2.62 or 2.28,P<0.001).This result was consistent across the participants grouped by ***:We identified six factors that were directly associated with fetal CHD.A higher number of these factors led to a higher risk of *** findings suggest that it is important to strengthen healthcare and prenatal counseling for women

关键词： Congenital heart diseases bayesian network risk ratio factor

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A systematic literature review of blockchain cyber security

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Digital Communications and Networks 2020年第2期6卷 147-156页

作者： Paul J.Taylor Tooska Dargahi Ali Dehghantanha Reza M.Parizi Kim-Kwang Raymond Choo School of Computing Science&EngineeringUniversity of SalfordManchesterUK Cyber Science Lab School of Computer ScienceUniversity of GuelphOntarioCanada Department of Software Engineering and Game Development Kennesaw State UniversityMariettaGA30060USA Department of Information Systems and Cyber Security University of Texas at San AntonioSan AntonioTX78249USA

Since the publication of Satoshi Nakamoto's white paper on Bitcoin in 2008,blockchain has(slowly)become one of the most frequently discussed methods for securing data storage and transfer through decentralized,trustless,peer-to-peer *** research identifies peer-reviewed literature that seeks to utilize blockchain for cyber security purposes and presents a systematic analysis of the most frequently adopted blockchain security *** findings show that the Internet of Things(IoT)lends itself well to novel blockchain applications,as do networks and machine visualization,public-key cryptography,web applications,certification schemes and the secure storage of Personally Identifiable Information(PII).This timely systematic review also sheds light on future directions of research,education and practices in the blockchain and cyber security space,such as security of blockchain in IoT,security of blockchain for AI data,and sidechain security.

关键词： Blockchain Smart contracts Cyber security Distributed ledger technology IoT Cryptocurrency Bitcoin

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Soft Tissue Deformation Model Based on Marquardt Algorithm and Enrichment Function

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computer Modeling in engineering & sciences 2020年第9期124卷 1131-1147页

作者： Xiaorui Zhang Xuefeng Yu Wei Sun Aiguo Song Jiangsu Engineering Center of Network Monitoring Engineering Research Center of Digital ForensicsMinistry of EducationSchool of Computer and SoftwareNanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing210044China Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing210044China State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics Jiangsu Key Lab of Remote Measurement and ControlSchool of Instrument Science and EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjing210096China

In order to solve the problem of high computing cost and low simulation accuracy caused by discontinuity of incision in traditional meshless model,this paper proposes a soft tissue deformation model based on the Marquardt algorithm and enrichment *** model is based on the element-free Galerkin method,in which Kelvin viscoelastic model and adjustment function are *** algorithm is applied to fit the relation between force and displacement caused by surface deformation,and the enrichment function is applied to deal with the discontinuity in the meshless *** verify the validity of the model,the Sensable Phantom Omni force tactile interactive device is used to simulate the deformations of stomach and *** results show that the proposed model improves the real-time performance and accuracy of soft tissue deformation simulation,which provides a new perspective for the application of the meshless method in virtual surgery.

关键词： Virtual surgery meshless model Marquardt algorithm enrichment function soft tissue simulation

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Runtime Permission Issues in Android Apps: Taxonomy, Practices, and Ways Forward

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2021年

作者： Wang, Ying Wang, Yibo Wang, Sinan Liu, Yepang Xu, Chang Cheung, Shing-Chi Yu, Hai Zhu, Zhiliang The Software College Northeasthern University China The Department of Computer Science and Engineering Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain-inspired Intelligent Computation Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China The State Key Lab for Novel Software Technology The Department of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing University China The Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong Hong Kong

Android introduces a new permission model that allows apps to request permissions at runtime rather than at the installation time since 6.0 (Marshmallow, API level 23). While this runtime permission model provides users with greater flexibility in controlling an app’s access to sensitive data and system features, it brings new challenges to app development. First, as users may grant or revoke permissions at any time while they are using an app, developers need to ensure that the app properly checks and requests required permissions before invoking any permission-protected APIs. Second, Android’s permission mechanism keeps evolving and getting customized by device manufacturers. Developers are expected to comprehensively test their apps on different Android versions and device models to make sure permissions are properly requested in all situations. Unfortunately, these requirements are often impractical for developers. In practice, many Android apps suffer from various runtime permission issues (ARP issues). While existing studies have explored ARP issues, the understanding of such issues is still preliminary. To better characterize ARP issues, we performed an empirical study using 135 Stack Overflow posts that discuss ARP issues and 199 real ARP issues archived in popular open-source Android projects on GitHub. Via analyzing the data, we observed 11 types of ARP issues that commonly occur in Android apps. For each type of issues, we systematically studied: (1) how they can be manifested, (2) how pervasive and serious they are in real-world apps, and (3) how they can be fixed. We also analyzed the evolution trend of different types of issues from 2015 to 2020 to understand their impact on the Android ecosystem. Furthermore, we conducted a field survey and in-depth interviews among practitioners, to gain insights from industrial practices and learn practitioners’ requirements of tools that can help combat ARP issues. Finally, to understand the strengths and weaknesse

关键词： Android (operating system)

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Potential Indicator for Continuous Emotion Arousal by Dynamic Neural Synchrony 4th

Potential Indicator for Continuous Emotion Arousal by Dyna...

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4th International Workshop on Human Brain and Artificial Intelligence, HBAI 2024

作者： Pan, Guandong Wu, Zhaobang Yang, Yaqian Wang, Xin Liu, Longzhao Zheng, Zhiming Tang, Shaoting School of Computer Science and Engineering Beihang University Beijing100191 China Institute of Artificial Intelligence Beihang University Beijing100191 China Key Laboratory of Mathematics Informatics and Behavioral Semantics Beihang University Beijing100191 China Institute of Medical Artificial Intelligence Binzhou Medical University Yantai264003 China Zhongguancun Laboratory Beijing100094 China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Future Blockchain and Privacy Computing Beihang University Beijing100191 China PengCheng Laboratory Shenzhen518055 China State Key Lab of Software Development Environment Beihang University Beijing100191 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819640003

The need for automatic and high-quality emotion annotation is paramount in applications such as continuous emotion recognition and video highlight detection, yet achieving this through manual human annotations is challenging. Inspired by inter-subject correlation (ISC) utilized in neuroscience, this study introduces a novel Electroencephalography (EEG) based ISC methodology that leverages a single-electrode and feature-based dynamic approach. Our contributions are three folds: Firstly, we reidentify two potent emotion features suitable for classifying emotions-first-order difference (FD) an differential entropy (DE). Secondly, through the use of overall correlation analysis, we demonstrate the heterogeneous synchronized performance of electrodes. This performance aligns with neural emotion patterns established in prior studies, thus validating the effectiveness of our approach. Thirdly, by employing a sliding window correlation technique, we showcase the significant consistency of dynamic ISCs across various features or key electrodes in each analyzed film clip. Our findings indicate the method’s reliability in capturing consistent, dynamic shared neural synchrony among individuals, triggered by evocative film stimuli. This underscores the potential of our approach to serve as an indicator of continuous human emotion arousal. The implications of this research are significant for advancements in affective computing and the broader neuroscience field, suggesting a streamlined and effective tool for emotion analysis in real-world applications. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Electroencephalography (EEG) Emotion Annotation Inter-subject Correlation

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