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FM-FCN:A Neural Network with Filtering Modules for Accurate Vital Signs Extraction

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Research 2025年第1期2024卷 92-106页

作者： Fangfang Zhu Qichao Niu Xiang Li Qi Zhao Honghong Su Jianwei Shuai Department of Physics and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials ResearchXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress BiologyInnovation Center for Cell Signaling NetworkXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China Vitalsilicon Technology Co.Ltd. JiaxingZhejiang 314006China School of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Science and Technology LiaoningAnshan 114051China Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University ZhejiangJiaxing 314006China Wenzhou Institute University of Chinese Academy of SciencesWenzhou 325001China Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine Vision and Brain Health)Wenzhou 325001China

Neural networks excel at capturing local spatial patterns through convolutional modules,but they may struggle to identify and effectively utilize the morphological and amplitude periodic nature of physiological *** this work,we propose a novel network named filtering module fully convolutional network(FM-FCN),which fuses traditional filtering techniques with neural networks to amplify physiological signals and suppress ***,instead of using a fully connected layer,we use an FCN to preserve the time-dimensional correlation information of physiological signals,enabling multiple cycles of signals in the network and providing a basis for signal ***,we introduce the FM as a network module that adapts to eliminate unwanted interference,leveraging the structure of the *** approach builds a bridge between deep learning and signal processing ***,we evaluate the performance of FM-FCN using remote *** results demonstrate that FM-FCN outperforms the second-ranked method in terms of both blood volume pulse(BVP)signal and heart rate(HR)*** substantially improves the quality of BVP waveform reconstruction,with a decrease of 20.23%in mean absolute error(MAE)and an increase of 79.95%in signal-to-noise ratio(SNR).Regarding HR estimation accuracy,FM-FCN achieves a decrease of 35.85%in MAE,29.65%in error standard deviation,and 32.88%decrease in 95%limits of agreement width,meeting clinical standards for HR accuracy *** results highlight its potential in improving the accuracy and reliability of vital sign measurement through high-quality BVP signal *** codes and datasets are available online at https://***/zhaoqi106/FM-FCN.

关键词： physiological signalsin filtering module fully convolutional network fm fcn which vital signs extraction amplify physiological signals convolutional modulesbut neural networks filtering module capturing local spatial patterns

ELMap: Area-Driven LUT Mapping with $k$-LUT Network Exact Synthesis

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ELMap: Area-Driven LUT Mapping with $k$-LUT Network Exact Sy...

Design, Automation and Test in Europe Conference and Exhibition

作者： Hongyang Pan Keren Zhu Fan Yang Zhufei Chu Xuan Zeng State Key Lab of Integrated Circuits and Systems School of Microelectronics Fudan University Shanghai China Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Ningbo University Ningbo China

ISBN: (数字)9783982674100

ISBN: (纸本)9798331534646

Mapping to $k$ -input lookup tables ( $k$ -LUTs) is a critical process in field-programmable gate array (FPGA) synthesis. However, the structure of the subject graph can introduce structural bias, which refers to the dependency of mapping results on the inherent graph structure, often leading to suboptimal results. To address this, we present ELMap, an area-driven LUT mapping framework. It incorporates structural choice during the collapsing phase. This enables dynamic decomposition, maximizing local-to-global optimization transfer. To ensure seamless integration between the optimization and mapping processes, ELMap leverages exact $k$ -LUT synthesis to generate area-optimal sub-LUT networks. Experiments on the EPFL benchmark suite demonstrate that ELMap significantly outperforms state-of-the-art methods. Specifically, in 6-LUT mapping, ELMap reduces the average LUT area by 8.5% and improves the area-depth-product (ADP) by 5.8%. In 4-LUT remapping, it reduces the average LUT area by 17.6% and improves the ADP by 2.4%.

关键词： Europe Benchmark testing Table lookup Logic Optimization Field programmable gate arrays

Meta Computing-Driven Optimization of AoI in Industrial IoT: A Hybrid Scheme with Self-Organizing Maps and Reinforcement Learning

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年

作者： Wang, Min Wang, Yike Wang, Nuanlai Pang, Shanchen Sun, Xiaobing Li, Ming Yangzhou University School of Information Engineering Yangzhou225127 China College of Computer Science and Technology Qingdao China College of Computer Science and Technology China State Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety Shandong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Oil and Gas Industrial Software China Shandong Inspur Database Technology Co. Ltd Jinan250101 China

In the domain of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) applications, methodologies such as meta computing are essential for ensuring timely and efficient data acquisition within intricate environments characterized by multiple edge devices and isolated sensor networks. The Age of Information (AoI), a key metric for evaluating data timeliness and relevance, has emerged as a focal point for improving decision-making and system responsiveness. However, managing these systems in resourcelimited edge environments is challenging, as traditional methods struggle to link sink node selection with data collection path planning, leading to inefficiency and poor AoI performance. This paper develops a collaborative optimization framework based on meta computing, which dynamically coordinates distributed computational resources as a unified virtual system. It combines self-organizing mapping (SOM) with reinforcement learning (RL) to optimize sink node selection and data collection paths using AoI metrics. Experimental results show the method significantly reduces AoI, improves data freshness, and optimizes energy use, highlighting meta computing's potential for scalable, efficient IIoT solutions. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Self organizing maps

InsTaG: Learning Personalized 3D Talking Head from Few-Second Video

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Li, Jiahe Zhang, Jiawei Bai, Xiao Zheng, Jin Zhou, Jun Gu, Lin School of Computer Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Complex & Critical Software Environment Jiangxi Research Institute Beihang University China School of Information and Communication Technology Griffith University Australia RIKEN AIP Japan The University of Tokyo Japan

Despite exhibiting impressive performance in synthesizing lifelike personalized 3D talking heads, prevailing methods based on radiance fields suffer from high demands for training data and time for each new identity. This paper introduces InsTaG, a 3D talking head synthesis framework that allows a fast learning of realistic personalized 3D talking head from few training data. Built upon a lightweight 3DGS person-specific synthesizer with universal motion priors, InsTaG achieves high-quality and fast adaptation while preserving high-level personalization and efficiency. As preparation, we first propose an Identity-Free Pre-training strategy that enables the pre-training of the person-specific model and encourages the collection of universal motion priors from long-video data corpus. To fully exploit the universal motion priors to learn an unseen new identity, we then present a Motion-Aligned Adaptation strategy to adaptively align the target head to the pre-trained field, and constrain a robust dynamic head structure under few training data. Experiments demonstrate our outstanding performance and efficiency under various data scenarios to render high-quality personalized talking heads. Project page: https://***/InsTaG/ . Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： 3D modeling

Galaxy Walker: Geometry-aware VLMs For Galaxy-scale Understanding

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Chen, Tianyu Fu, Xingcheng Gao, Yisen Qian, Haodong Wei, Yuecen Yan, Kun Zhou, Haoyi Li, Jianxin SKLCCSE School of Computer Science and Engineering Beihang University China School of Software Beihang University China Key Lab of Education Blockchain and Intelligent Technology Guangxi Normal University China Institute of Artificial Intelligence Beihang University Beijing China

Modern vision-language models (VLMs) develop patch embedding and convolution backbone within vector space, especially Euclidean ones, at the very founding. When expanding VLMs to a galaxy scale for understanding astronomical phenomena, the integration of spherical space for planetary orbits and hyperbolic spaces for black holes raises two formidable challenges. a) The current pretraining model is confined to Euclidean space rather than a comprehensive geometric embedding. b) The predominant architecture lacks suitable backbones for anisotropic physical geometries. In this paper, we introduced Galaxy-Walker, a geometry-aware VLM, for the universe-level vision understanding tasks. We proposed the geometry prompt that generates geometry tokens by random walks across diverse spaces on a multi-scale physical graph, along with a geometry adapter that compresses and reshapes the space anisotropy in a mixture-of-experts manner. Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach, with Galaxy-Walker achieving state-of-the-art performance in both galaxy property estimation (R2 scores up to 0.91) and morphology classification tasks (up to +0.17 F1 improvement in challenging features), significantly outperforming both domain-specific models and general-purpose VLMs. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Anisotropy

Bedrock Models in Communication and Sensing: Advancing Generalization, Transferability, and Performance

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Luo, Cheng Xiang, Luping Hu, Jie Yang, Kun The School of Information and Communication Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu611731 China The State Key Laboratory of Novel Software Technology Nanjing University Nanjing210008 China School of Intelligent Software and Engineering Nanjing University Suzhou Campus Suzhou China The School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering University of Essex ColchesterCO4 3SQ United Kingdom

Deep learning (DL) has emerged as a powerful tool for addressing the intricate challenges inherent in communication and sensing systems, significantly enhancing the intelligence of future sixth-generation (6G) networks. A substantial body of research has highlighted the promise of DL-based techniques in these domains. However, in addition to improving accuracy, new challenges must be addressed regarding the generalization and transferability of DL-based systems. To tackle these issues, this paper introduces a series of mathematically grounded and modularized models, referred to as bedrock models, specifically designed for integration into both communication and sensing systems. Due to their modular architecture, these models can be seamlessly incorporated into existing communication and sensing frameworks. For communication systems, the proposed models demonstrate substantial performance improvements while also exhibit strong transferability, enabling direct parameter sharing across different tasks, which greatly facilitates practical deployment. In sensing applications, the integration of the bedrock models into existing systems results in superior performance, reducing delay and Doppler estimation errors by an order of magnitude compared to traditional methods. Additionally, a pre-equalization strategy based on the bedrock models is proposed for the transmitter. By leveraging sensing information, the transmitted communication signal is dynamically adjusted without altering the communication model pre-trained in AWGN channels. This adaptation enables the system to effectively cope with doubly dispersive channels, restoring the received signal to an AWGN-like condition and achieving near-optimal performance. Simulation results substantiate the effectiveness and transferability of the proposed bedrock models, underscoring their potential to advance both communication and sensing systems. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Deep learning

LLFA: Fusing Global Illumination and Local Priors for Low-Light Face Image Enhancement with Adaptor

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LLFA: Fusing Global Illumination and Local Priors for Low-Li...

International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Ziqian Shao Tao Wang Kaihao Zhang Danhuai Zhao Tong Lu State Key Lab for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University Nanjing China School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Shenzhen China China Mobile Zijin Innovation Insititute Nanjing China

ISBN: (数字)9798350368741

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368758

Low-light image enhancement problem has been widely studied. However, most existing methods do not perform well on low-light face images due to no specific facial characteristic considerations. We first create large-scale low-light face datasets with synthesized and real-world images to address the absence of suitable datasets. Our experiments show that existing LLIE and face restoration methods are limited in enhancing low-light face images. To overcome these challenges, we propose a novel framework, the Low-Light Face Adaptor (LLFA), featuring an auxiliary encoder and an adaptor module. The encoder captures global illumination information, while the adaptor module adaptively fuses this information with high-quality priors. We also introduce a joint learning strategy that optimizes the model by simultaneously learning face priors and the enhancement process. Comprehensive experiments demonstrate that LLFA significantly outperforms state-of-the-art methods.

关键词： Training Adaptation models Fuses Lighting Speech enhancement Signal processing Image restoration Faces Image enhancement Facial features

Verify All Traffic: Towards Zero-Trust In-Network Intrusion Detection against Multipath Routing

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IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 2025年第6期43卷 2155-2171页

作者： Zhao, Ziming Li, Zhaoxuan Xie, Xiaofei Liu, Zhipeng Li, Tingting Yu, Jiongchi Zhang, Fan Chen, Binbin School of Software Technology Zhejiang University Ningbo315100 China College of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center 311200 China Key Laboratory of Blockchain and Cyberspace Governance of Zhejiang Province 310027 China Jiaxing Research Institute Zhejiang University 314000 China Zhengzhou Xinda Institute of Advanced Technology Zhengzhou450001 China Singapore State Key Laboratory of Information Security Institute of Information Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100093 China School of Cyber Security UCAS Beijing100049 China School of Computing and Information Systems Singapore Management University Singapore188065 Singapore Advanced Digital Sciences Center Singapore138632 Singapore Singapore University of Technology and Design SingaporeB96049 Singapore

With the popularity of encryption protocols, machine learning (ML)-based traffic analysis technologies have attracted widespread attention. To adapt to modern high-speed bandwidth, recent research is dedicated to advancing zero-trust intrusion detection by offloading feature extraction and model inference into the network dataplane. Especially, with the rise of programmable switches, achieving line-speed ML inference becomes promising. However, existing research only considers a single switch node as a relay to conduct evaluation. This is far from real-world deployments involving multiple switches (given that zero-trust security assumes that threats can originate from anywhere, including within the network), particularly the multi-path routing phenomenon that exists in practice. In this paper, we reveal practical challenges in the context of enabling line-speed model inference in the network dataplane. Furthermore, we propose FCPlane, the forwarding and computing integrated dataplane for zero-trust intrusion detection that aims to enable efficient load balancing while providing reliable traffic analysis results, even against multipath routing. The core idea is to reconcile forwarding and computation to the flowlet level, for which a tailor-made Markov chain model is designed. Based on two public traffic datasets, we evaluate seven state-of-the-art in-network traffic analysis models deployed in four types of topologies (three with multipath routing and one without) to explore performance impact and demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposal. © 1983-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Network intrusion

Benchmarking Graph Representations and Graph Neural Networks for Multivariate Time Series Classification

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Yang, Wennuo Wu, Shiling Zhou, Yuzhi Luo, Cheng He, Xilin Xie, Weicheng Shen, Linlin Song, Siyang Computer Vision Institute School of Computer Science & Software Engineering Shenzhen University China Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing China HBUG Lab University of Exeter United Kingdom

Multivariate Time Series Classification (MTSC) enables the analysis if complex temporal data, and thus serves as a cornerstone in various real-world applications, ranging from healthcare to finance. Since the relationship among variables in MTS usually contain crucial cues, a large number of graph-based MTSC approaches have been proposed, as the graph topology and edges can explicitly represent relationships among variables (channels), where not only various MTS graph representation learning strategies but also different Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have been explored. Despite such progresses, there is no comprehensive study that fairly benchmarks and investigates the performances of existing widely-used graph representation learning strategies/GNN classifiers in the application of different MTSC tasks. In this paper, we present the first benchmark which systematically investigates the effectiveness of the widely-used three node feature definition strategies, four edge feature learning strategies and five GNN architecture, resulting in 60 different variants for graph-based MTSC. These variants are developed and evaluated with a standardized data pipeline and training/validation/testing strategy on 26 widely-used suspensor MTSC datasets. Our experiments highlight that node features significantly influence MTSC performance, while the visualization of edge features illustrates why adaptive edge learning outperforms other edge feature learning methods. The code of the proposed benchmark is publicly available at https://***/CVI-yangwn/*** Codes 68T10 © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Graph neural networks