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Regulation of pseudographitic carbon domain to boost sodium energy storage

Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 5188-5196页

作者： Zhidong Hou Mingwei Jiang Da Lei Xiang Zhang Yuyang Gao Jian-Gan Wang State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Center for Nano Energy MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Lab of Graphene(NPU)Xi’an 710072China

Hard carbon anode has shown extraordinary potentials for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)owing to the cost-effectiveness and advantaged ***,the widespread application of hard carbon is still hindered by the insufficient sodium storage capacity and depressed rate property,which are mainly induced by the undesirable pseudographitic ***,we develop a molten-salt-mediated strategy to regulate the pseudographitic structure of hard carbon with suitable interlayer spacing and enlarged pseudographitic domain,which is conducive to the intercalation capacity and diffusion kinetics of sodium ***,the optimized hard carbon anode delivers a high reversible capacity of 320 mAh·g^(−1),along with superior rate property(138 mAh·g−1 at 2 A·g^(−1))and stable cyclability over 1800 ***,the in situ Raman spectroscopic study and full-cell assembly further investigate the sodium storage mechanism and practical implement of obtained hard *** work pioneers a low-cost and effective route to regulate the pseudographitic structure of hard carbon materials for advanced SIBs.

关键词： pseudographitic structure molten salt hard carbon anode sodium-ion batteries

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Low sintering shrinkage porous ceramics: Principles, progress, and perspectives

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2025年第2期14卷 1-36页

作者： Jie Xu Yueqi Shao Xiaoying Feng Xiaoyan Zhang Hao Li Jinlong Yang Feng Gao State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing MIIT Key Laboratory of Radiation Detection Materials and DevicesSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing School of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Porous ceramics are lightweight materials with diverse pore structures and are widely applied in areas such as thermal insulation, sound absorption, filtration, catalysis, and energy storage. However, excessive shrinkage during the sintering process of porous ceramics leads to cracking and deterioration, posing significant challenges for achieving complex shapes. Despite its importance, the field of low sintering shrinkage porous ceramics has not received sufficient attention. This review systematically discusses the principles and progress in the development of low sintering shrinkage porous ceramics. First, we introduce the characteristics of various preparation methods, including partial sintering, particle-stabilized foaming, gel-casting, foam-gelcasting, and additive manufacturing (AM). We then explain three primary principles of low sintering shrinkage from the perspectives of the volume effect and mass transfer processes. This review focuses on the properties and applications of typical low sintering shrinkage ceramics such as mullite and alumina, particularly their mechanical properties and thermal conductivity as thermal insulation and ceramic cores. Finally, we summarize the current state and present future perspectives on low sintering shrinkage porous ceramics.

关键词： porous ceramics low sintering shrinkage volume expansion mass transfer process pore structure properties

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Nucleation/growth design by thermo-kinetic partition

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第24期155卷 72-81页

作者： Feng Liu Analytical & Testing Center Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an Shaanxi 710072 China State Key Lab. of Solidification Processing Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an Shaanxi 710072 China

Departing from nucleation and growth involved in phase transformations (PTs) and/or plastic deformations (PDs), thermodynamics, kinetics, and thermo-kinetic partition are described. It has been shown that the thermo-kinetic partition reflects the scale of the so-called thermo-kinetic correlation, and by combining with the reference state of PT or PD, corresponds to so-called generalized stability. Regarding the universality of nucleation/growth and thermo-kinetic partition, the principle of high thermodynamic driving force-high generalized stability has been reinterpreted by integrating nucleation and growth, separating nucleation and growth, and designing so-called negative driving forces, respectively. As such, the current materials design is classified, summarized, and prospected. This work is helpful to realize high strength and high plasticity by designing nucleation and growth.

关键词： Nucleation Growth Thermo-kinetic partition

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In situ construction of a stable composite solid electrolyte interphase for dendrite-free Zn batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第4期79卷 450-458页

作者： Yiming Zhao Huanyan Liu Yu Huyan Da Lei Na Li Shan Tian Jian-Gan Wang State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Center for Nano Energy MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Lab of Graphene(NPU)Xi’an 710072ShaanxiChina

Building a stable solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)has been regarded to be highly effective for mitigating the dendrite growth and parasitic side reactions of Zn ***,a robust inorganic composite SEI layer is in situ constructed by introducing an organic cysteine additive to achieve long lifetime Zn metal *** chemisorbed cysteine derivatives are electrochemically reduced to trigger a local alkaline environment for generating a gradient layered zinc hydroxide based multicomponent *** a unique interphase is of significant advantage as a corrosion inhibitor and Zn^(2+)modulator to enable reversible plating/stripping chemistry with a reduced desolvation energy ***,the cells with a thin glass fiber separator(260μm)deliver a prolonged lifespan beyond 2000 h and enhanced Coulombic efficiency of 99.5%over 450 *** work will rationally elaborate in situ construction of a desirable SEI by implanting reductive additives for dendrite-free Zn anodes.

关键词： Zn metal anode Electrolyte additive Solid electrolyte interphase Aqueous Zn batteries

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Significant reduction of anisotropy in stress relaxation aging and mechanical properties improvement for 2195 Al-Cu-Li alloy subjected to plastic loading

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2025年第1期38卷 217-234页

作者： Liwen ZHANG Heng LI Tianjun BIAN Changhui WU Yanfeng YANG State Key Lab of Solidification Processing School of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Xi’an Aeronautical Polytechnic Institute Xi’an 710089China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of High-Performance Precision Forming Technology and Equipment Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China

Although the plastic loading can enhance creep deformation and yield strength,the anisotropic Stress Relaxation Aging(SRA)behavior and mechanism under plastic loading remain unclear,which presents a significant challenge in accurately shaping aluminum alloy *** this study,the SRA behavior of 2195-T4 Al-Cu-Li alloys were thoroughly studied under initial loading stresses within the elastic(210/250 MPa)and plastic(380/420 MPa)ranges at 180℃by stress relaxation and tensile tests as well as microstructure *** findings reveal that compared with those under elastic loadings,in-plane anisotropy(IPA)values of the stress relaxation amount,yield strength and fracture elongation under plastic loadings are reduced by 60%–80%,70%–90% and 72%–89%,***,IPA values of precipitate size in grains and PrecipitationFree Zones(PFZ)width at grain boundaries under plastic loading decrease by 31.4%and 94.4%*** results indicate plastic loading significantly weakens the anisotropic SRA behavior,owing to numerous uniformly distributed fine T1phases and small IPA values of both T1precipitates size and PFZ width in various loading *** with those of elastic loadingaged alloys,yield strength of plastic loading-aged alloys shows high strength-ductility because of the combined effect of closely dispersed fine T1precipitates,narrowed PFZ and numerous sheared and rotated T1phases at different locations during tensile *** uniformly distributed larger Kernel Average Misorientation(KAM)and Schmidt factor values of the plastic loading-aged alloy,as well as the cross-slip generated,also help to enhance the strength and ductility of the alloy.

关键词： Aluminum-lithium alloy Stress relaxation aging Precipitation-free zones In-plane anisotropy Stress relaxation

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B2-CuZr reinforced amorphous alloy matrix composites:A review

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China Foundry 2025年第1期22卷 1-11页

作者： Wei Guo Run-hua Huang Zhen Zhang Mi Zhao Jin-cheng Wang Yan-qiang Qiao Shu-lin Lü Shu-sen Wu State Key Lab of Materials Processing and Die&Mould Technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China School of Aerospace Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Research Institute of Huazhong University of Science and Technology in Shenzhen Shenzhen 518057GuangdongChina

B2-CuZr phase reinforced amorphous alloy matrix composites has become one of the research hotspots in the field of materials science due to the“transformation-induced plasticity”phenomenon,which makes the composites show better macroscopic plastic deformability and obvious work-hardening behavior compared to the conventional amorphous alloy matrix composites reinforced with ductile ***,the in-situ metastable B2-CuZr phase tends to undergo eutectoid decomposition during solidification,and the volume fraction,size,and distribution of B2-CuZr phase are difficult to control,which limits the development and application of these *** date,much efforts have been made to solve the above problems through composition optimization,casting parameter tailoring,and post-processing *** this study,a review was given based on relevant studies,focusing on the predictive approach,reinforcing mechanism,and microstructure tailoring methods of B2-CuZr phase reinforced amorphous alloy matrix *** research focus and future prospects were also given for the future development of the present composite system.

关键词： amorphous alloy matrix composite B2-CuZr phase plasticity microstructure tailoring

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Efficient and Stable Photoassisted Lithium‑Ion Battery Enabled by Photocathode with Synergistically Boosted Carriers Dynamics

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第3期17卷 440-454页

作者： Zelin Ma Shiyao Wang Zhuangzhuang Ma Juan Li Luomeng Zhao Zhihuan Li Shiyuan Wang Yazhou Shuang Jiulong Wang Fang Wang Weiwei Xia Jie Jian Yibo He Junjie Wang Pengfei Guo Hongqiang Wang State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Center for Nano Energy MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene(NPU)Xi’an 710072People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing School of Materials Science and Engineering DepartmentNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072People’s Republic of China Research and Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen Shenzhen 518063People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy DevicesShaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy TechnologySchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNational Ministry of EducationShaanxi Normal UniversityXi’an 710119People’s Republic of China

Efficient and stable photocathodes with versatility are of significance in photoassisted lithium-ion batteries(PLIBs),while there is always a request on fast carrier transport in electrochemical active *** work proposes a general approach of creating bulk heterojunction to boost the carrier mobility of photocathodes by simply laser assisted embedding of plasmonic *** employed in PLIBs,it was found effective for synchronously enhanced photocharge separation and transport in light charging ***,experimental photon spectroscopy,finite difference time domain method simulation and theoretical analyses demonstrate that the improved carrier dynamics are driven by the plasmonic-induced hot electron injection from metal to TiO_(2),as well as the enhanced conductivity in TiO2 matrix due to the formation of oxygen vacancies after Schottky *** from these merits,several benchmark values in performance of TiO2-based photocathode applied in PLIBs are set,including the capacity of 276 mAh g^(−1) at 0.2 A g^(−1) under illumination,photoconversion efficiency of 1.276%at 3 A g^(−1),less capacity and Columbic efficiency loss even through 200 *** results exemplify the potential of the bulk heterojunction strategy in developing highly efficient and stable photoassisted energy storage systems.

关键词： Photoassisted lithium-ion batteries Bulk heterojunction Carrier dynamics TiO2 nanofiber Plasmonic metal nanocrystals

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Feasibility analysis of obtaining tri-modal microstructure by multi-pass conventional forging combined with dual heat treatment for near-α titanium alloy with different initial microstructures

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International Journal of Lightweight Materials and Manufacture 2023年第1期6卷 25-32页

作者： Yin, Zhikun Sun, Zhichao Huang, Long Wang, Yu Yin, Lijiao State Key Lab of Solidification Processing Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University P. O. Box 542 Xi'anShaanxi710072 China

Conventional forging followed by dual heat treatment (near-β and two-phase field heat treatments) is a feasible technique aimed at obtaining tri-modal microstructure in near-α titanium alloys. In view of the enlargement and integration of aerospace structural parts as well as the microstructure diversification of original billet, the Ti–6242S alloy specimens with three different initial microstructures were subjected to multi-pass conventional forging and dual heat treatment. The flow behavior and microstructure evolution of material were analyzed. The results indicated that lamellar α has a stronger ability to coordinate deformation than equiaxed α. The more lamellar α in the microstructure, the slower the microstructure reconstruction during deformation interruption. It is feasible to obtain tri-modal microstructure by any pass conventional forging and dual heat treatment for the initial equiaxed or duplex microstructure, and two passes are more appropriate. The difference between initial equiaxed and duplex microstructures is gradually eliminated through a series of microstructure evolutions during the subsequent heat treatment. For initial lamellar microstructure, a kind of microstructure with multi-scale equiaxed α can be formed after multi-pass conventional forging. The spheroidization fraction of lamellar α is significantly increased with the increase of deformation pass. Tri-modal microstructure can be obtained through three-pass forging and dual heat treatment. © 2022 The Authors

关键词： Deformation

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金属-Bi_(2)OS_(2)界面肖特基势垒以及电荷转移机制研究

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Science China Materials 2023年第2期66卷 811-818页

作者：张晓东冯丽萍钟诗宸叶元茗潘海曦刘鹏飞郑孝奇李焕勇屈铭洋王锡桐 State Key Lab of Solidification Processing College of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China

由于金属与二维半导体接触界面复杂的电荷转移,界面处经常会产生强烈的费米钉扎效应.本文以Bi_(2)OS_(2)(拥有目前二维半导体材料中已知的最高电子迁移率)作为二维沟道层,采用密度泛函理论系统地计算了其与金属电极接触界面的肖特基势... 详细信息

由于金属与二维半导体接触界面复杂的电荷转移,界面处经常会产生强烈的费米钉扎效应.本文以Bi_(2)OS_(2)(拥有目前二维半导体材料中已知的最高电子迁移率)作为二维沟道层,采用密度泛函理论系统地计算了其与金属电极接触界面的肖特基势垒以及界面电荷转移机制.当Bi_(2)OS_(2)与三维金属电极接触时,界面强的电荷转移主要由化学键的形成以及泡利电荷排斥作用引起,导致界面具有强的费米钉扎,并且由这两个原因引起的电荷转移方向相反.此外,当金属的功函数大于半导体的电离能或小于半导体的电子亲合能时,界面会产生一个额外的电荷转移.当Bi_(2)OS_(2)与二维金属电极接触时,界面的费米钉扎完全被抑制,界面遵循肖特基-莫特定律,这是因为本文所选用的二维金属电极能够有效地屏蔽泡利电荷排斥作用.因此,通过选择不同功函数的二维金属电极,能够宽范围、线性地调节界面的肖特基势垒高度,并且能够实现界面从n型欧姆接触到p型欧姆接触的转变.这项研究不仅为Bi_(2)OS_(2)基器件的电极选择提供了理论指导,还能够增强对金属与二维半导体接触界面相互作用机制的理解.

关键词：肖特基势垒功函数欧姆接触金属电极电荷转移接触界面排斥作用电子亲合能

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On the mechanism of Si-promoted destabilization of TiC_(x)particles in Al alloys

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第34期165卷 17-26页

作者： H.Dong Y.C.Guo Y.Z.Chen F.Xia Q.Q.Guo Q.Chen G.L.Li J.Y.Zhao Y.Zhong J.P.Li School of Materials and Chemical Engineering Xi’an Technological UniversityXi’an 710021China State Key Lab.of Solidification Processing Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China School of Science Xi’an University of Science and TechnologyXi’an 710054China

TiC_(x)is an excellent composite strengthening particle and grain refiner for Al ***,the stability of TiC_(x)is poor when solute Si exists in Al alloy melts,which significantly depresses its strengthening and grain refining *** this work,the destabilization mechanisms of the TiC_(x)particles in Al-Si alloy melt with a composition of Al-7Si-7.5TiC were explored via experiments,first-principles calculations and thermodynamic *** experimental results show that Si atoms diffuse into TiC_(x)and Ti atoms are released into the Al melt to form a Ti-rich transition zone during the insulation of TiC_(x)in Al-Si melt,and the TiAlySiz and Al_(4)C_(3)phases are solidified in the Ti-rich zone and at Ti-rich zone/TiC_(x)interface,*** first principles calculations show that the low formation energy of C vacancies facilitates the rapid diffusion of Si atoms in TiC_(x),while the doping of Si atoms reduces the energy barrier of diffusion of Ti atoms in TiC_(x)and promotes the formation of Ti-rich *** thermodynamic calculations show that the wide crystallization temperature range of the destabilized product TiAlySiz phase is the key to continuous decomposition of TiC_(x)*** addition,the driving force of the main destabilization reaction of TiC_(x)in the Al-Si alloys is about 44 times higher than that in the Al alloys without Si *** indicates that the presence of solute Si remarkably promotes the subsequent decomposition process of TiC_(x)in the Al-Si alloy melts.

关键词： Al-Si alloy TiC_(x)particles Destabilization First principles calculations Thermodynamics

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