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21st Annual International Conference on Mobile Systems, Applications and Services, MobiSys 2023

作者： Yi, Rongjie Cao, Ting Zhou, Ao Ma, Xiao Wang, Shangguang Xu, Mengwei State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing China Microsoft Research Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400701108

DNNs are ubiquitous on edge devices nowadays. With its increasing importance and use cases, it's not likely to pack all DNNs into device memory and expect that each inference has been warmed up. Therefore, cold inference, the process to read, initialize, and execute a DNN model, is becoming commonplace and its performance is urgently demanded to be optimized. To this end, we present NNV12, the first on-device inference engine optimizing cold inference. NNV12 is built atop three novel optimization knobs: selecting a proper kernel (i.e., operator implementation) for each DNN operator, bypassing the weights transformation process by caching the post-transformed weights on disk, and pipelined execution of many kernels on asymmetric processors. To tackle with the huge search space, NNV12 employs a heuristic-based scheme to obtain a near-optimal kernel scheduling plan. We fully implement a prototype of NNV12 and evaluate its performance across extensive experiments. It shows that NNV12 achieves up to 15.2× speedup compared to the state-of-the-art DNN engines on edge CPUs and 401.5× speedup on edge GPUs, respectively. © 2023 Owner/Author(s).

关键词： Engines

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CEL: Cost-Aware Edge-Assisted Livecast via Optimization With Shapley Value

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IEEE INTERNET OF THINGS JOURNAL 2024年第5期11卷 7805-7816页

作者： Wang, Yizong Zhao, Dong Guo, Zixuan Gao, Teng Ma, Huadong Du, Yang Beijing Univ Posts & Telecommun State Key Lab Networking & Switching Technol Beijing 100876 Peoples R China Beijing Univ Posts & Telecommun Sch Comp Sci Beijing 100876 Peoples R China

The increasingly prevalent livecast streaming causes expensive bandwidth costs and delivery capacity challenges for the content delivery network (CDN) service. As an emerging paradigm, edge computing offers new opportunities to address this issue. The existing works are limited to the data volume pricing model. In contrast, we focus on the 95th-percentile pricing model, which is adopted by many large-scale livecast systems. We propose a Cost-aware Edge-assisted Livecast system (CEL) to minimize the bandwidth cost, consisting of two components: 1) the Shapley values are leveraged to model the actual bandwidth costs for the CDN and edge servers in different time slots, together with acceleration technologies for fast Shapley value estimation and 2) a greedy request scheduling algorithm with theoretical guarantees is proposed to solve the online request scheduling problem, which is NP-hard. Based on real-world data from an operational livecast system, our experiments demonstrate that CEL is time-efficient and achieves at least 14.81% bandwidth cost savings compared with four state-of-the-art methods.

关键词： 95th-percentile pricing model content delivery network (CDN) edge computing livecast system Shapley value

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Trusted Content Distribution Mechanism in Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks 11

Trusted Content Distribution Mechanism in Vehicular Ad-Hoc N...

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11th Joint International Information technology and Artificial Intelligence Conference, ITAIC 2023

作者： Liang, Chenghao Qiu, Xuesong Ren, Yinlin Qi, Yuanyuan Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350333664

Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) play a crucial role in enhancing road safety through real-time information exchange. However, the fast-paced mobility of vehicles and the ever-present security threats during data interactions present substantial challenges to the practical deployment of VANETs. In response, this paper introduces a novel approach by integrating blockchain technology with Named Data networking (NDN). We propose an enhanced NDN protocol stack that shifts from traditional key data packet requests to a blockchain-based data registration system, allowing data retrieval by requesters. We also introduce a cache value sampling method for probability-based cache data sampling, and we present a cache replacement strategy that takes cache value into account, leveraging deep reinforcement learning techniques. Experimental results demonstrate that this improved NDN protocol stack, when combined with vehicular networks, achieves higher throughput and improved cache efficiency. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Blockchain Cache Replacement Strategy Deep Reinforcement Learning Named Data networking Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks

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Logical-Cluster-Based Personalized Federated Multi-Task Learning for Internet of Vehicles

Logical-Cluster-Based Personalized Federated Multi-Task Lear...

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2023 IEEE International Symposium on Broadband Multimedia Systems and Broadcasting, BMSB 2023

作者： Zhang, Biao Xu, Siya Qiu, Xusong Tian, Jingyue Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350321524

Federated learning (FL) is an emerging distributed machine learning paradigm that emphasizes user privacy. The majority of current federated learning systems are oriented for single task while participants in the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) demand to train different models for multiple intelligent services simultaneously. As one of transfer learning methods, multi-task learning (MTL) has the potential to integrate with federated learning to realize personalized local training. However, the existing federated multi-task learning (FMTL) algorithms are faced with the problems of high implementation complexity and communication overhead. To solve the above issues, we propose a logical-cluster-based personalized federated multi-task learning framework named pFMTL. In the framework, the multi-task model is decomposed into a basic module for extracting features and K task-specific modules for outputting inferences. We leverage logical clusters and multi-task learning to enhance the personalization and generalization capability of task models, respectively. To improve the communication efficiency further, we also design a module-wise task scheduling strategy, which supports both user module scheduling and cluster aggregation scheduling to ensure the convergence of multi-task model with less communication overhead. Finally, the simulation results imply that pFMTL can increase task accuracy and reduce communication latency compared with other benchmarks. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Vehicles

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MS-Transformer: Masked and Sparse Transformer for Point Cloud Registration

MS-Transformer: Masked and Sparse Transformer for Point Clou...

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2023 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, SMC 2023

作者： Jia, Qingyuan Luo, Guiyang Yuan, Quan Li, Jinglin Shao, Congzhang Chen, Ziyue Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350337020

In this paper, we propose a masked and sparse transformer to address the problem of point cloud registration with low overlap. The mask mechanism reduces the overall data, increasing the corresponding point ratio in the overlap region, while also reducing the computational cost to accelerate the algorithm's execution speed. Moreover, we combine spatial position encoding and sparse self-attention to establish relationships within the source point cloud, as well as the relationships and attention scores between the source and target point clouds. This approach is specifically designed for the task of point cloud registration. Finally, we search for the maximum overlap area by matching the spatial consistency between points and calculate the 3D transformation matrix to complete the registration process. Our method achieves an improvement in the inlier ratio and performs well on the 3DMatch and 3DLoMatch datasets, demonstrating high registration efficiency. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Mask mechanism Point cloud registration Self-attention

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Bandwidth-Efficient Mobile Volumetric Video Streaming by Exploiting Inter-Frame Correlation

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MOBILE COMPUTING 2024年第10期23卷 9410-9423页

作者： Wang, Yizong Zhao, Dong Zhang, Huanhuan Gao, Teng Guo, Zixuan Huang, Chenghao Ma, Huadong Beijing Univ Posts & Telecommun State Key Lab Networking & Switching Technol Beijing 100876 Peoples R China Beijing Univ Posts & Telecommun Sch Comp Sci Beijing 100876 Peoples R China

Volumetric videos offer viewers more immersive experiences, enabling a variety of applications. However, state-of-the-art streaming systems still need hundreds of Mbps bandwidth to transmit volumetric videos, exceeding the common bandwidth capabilities of mobile devices. We find a research gap in reusing inter-frame redundant information to reduce bandwidth consumption, while the existing inter-frame compression methods rely on the so-called explicit correlation, i.e., the redundancy from the same/adjacent locations in the previous frame, which does not apply to highly dynamic frames or dynamic viewports. This paper introduces a new concept called implicit correlation, i.e., the consistency of topological structures, which stably exists in dynamic frames and is beneficial for reducing bandwidth consumption. We design a mobile volumetric video streaming system Hermes consisting of an implicit correlation encoder to reduce bandwidth consumption and a hybrid streaming method that adapts to dynamic viewports. Experiments on public datasets show that Hermes achieves a frame rate of 30+ FPS over daily networks and on commodity smartphones, with at least 3.64x and 3.34x improvement compared with two state-of-the-art baselines, respectively.

关键词： Streaming media Correlation Bandwidth Point cloud compression Entropy Encoding Redundancy Volumetric video streaming entropy encoding implicit correlation

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Evolutionary Game-Based Vertical Handover Strategy for Space-Air-Ground Integrated Network

Evolutionary Game-Based Vertical Handover Strategy for Space...

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IEEE Wireless Communications and networking Conference (WCNC)

作者： Zhou, Yiting Meng, Rui Xiong, Huachao Han, Shujun Xu, Xiaodong Beijing Univ Posts & Telecommun State Key Lab Networking & Switching Technol Beijing Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665491228

Space-Air-Ground Integrated Network (SAGIN) has recently attracted extensive attention as a new type of network architecture, which can meet the ever-increasing demands of users for ubiquitous access. However, due to different coverage performance of various networks and the demands of huge capacity in ultra-dense regions, frequent passive group handover will occur, thereby decreasing the quality of service (QoS) and causing signaling storms. To tackle this problem, we introduce low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites, high-altitude platforms and ground base stations to cover ultra-dense regions. The mobility management functions are configured in LEO satellites, which serve as a central controller and compute the average utility based on QoS. We propose an evolutionary game-based vertical handover scheme, where the users covered by SAGINs are modeled as players to compete limited network resources. Simulation results verified the effectiveness of the proposed scheme in meeting the QoS while improving the utility of networks.

关键词： SAGIN vertical handover evolutionary game

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Quantum Secret Reconstruction

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ADVANCED QUANTUM TECHNOLOGIES 2024年第2期7卷

作者： Ma, Rui-Hai Gao, Fei Cai, Bin-Bin Lin, Song Fujian Normal Univ Coll Comp & Cyber Secur Fuzhou 350117 Peoples R China Beijing Univ Posts & Telecommun State Key Lab Networking & Switching Technol Beijing 100876 Peoples R China

In addition to secret splitting, secret reconstruction is another important component of secret sharing. In this paper, the first quantum secret reconstruction protocol is proposed to protect the reconstruction process. Before the protocol, a classical secret is divided into multiple shares that are distributed to the shareholds, respectively. In the presented protocol, the dealer utilizes the secret to encrypt a privacy quantum state, and sends the encrypted state to a combiner who is chosen by the dealer within the shareholders. With the help of other shareholders, the combiner utilizes the properties of cluster states to recover the privacy quantum state. It is shown that the proposed protocol is secure against several common attacks, including external and internal attacks. Compared with classical secret reconstruction protocols, this protocol not only achieves information-theoretic security of all shares, but is also more efficient due to the reduced distribution and computation cost. To demonstrate the feasibility of the protocol, a corresponding simulation quantum experiment is conducted on the IBM Q. Furthermore, in conjunction with quantum fingerprinting, it can be directly applied to achieve the task of quantum multiple secrets sharing, since the classical shares can be reused in the proposed protocol. The work proposes the first quantum secret reconstruction protocol to protect the secret reconstruction process. Compared with classical secret reconstruction protocols, the presented protocol not only achieves information-theoretic security of all shares but is also more efficient due to the reduced distribution and computation cost. The corresponding simulation quantum experiment conducted on the IBM Q demonstrates the feasibility of the ***

关键词： cluster state secret reconstruction quantum experiment quantum multiple secrets sharing

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Energy-Efficient Multiple Access Scheme with Power Control for mMTC Networks 23

Energy-Efficient Multiple Access Scheme with Power Control f...

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23rd IEEE International Conference on Communication technology, ICCT 2023

作者： Meng, Yue Peng, keyi Wu, Di Zhang, Zhi Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350325959

The grant-free non-orthogonal multiple access (GF-NOMA) is especially conducive to support massive machine-type communication (mMTC) service. Owing to the limited energy resources and the reliability requirements for MTC devices, how to design an energy-efficient multiple access scheme is an urgent problem. In this paper, we investigate a comprehensive learning framework for GF-NOMA with power control scheme in mMTC networks, focusing on the power level design and the collision resolution. We formulate an optimization problem aiming to minimize the long-term system power consumption with satisfying the constraint of packet error rate. A scheme based on a deep reinforcement learning approach is further applied, comprising two interrelated subalgorithm, to optimize the power levels and the contention-transmission unit (CTU) allocation. The numerical results demonstrate the superiority of our proposed scheme over other resource allocation schemes, particularly in terms of enhancing the network energy efficiency. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： deep reinforcement learning energy-efficient GF-NOMA multiple access Power control

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Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning With Attention Reward 22

Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning With Attention Reward

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22nd International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems, AAMAS 2023

作者： Luo, Sihong Chen, Jinghao Hu, Zheng Zhang, Chunhong Zhuang, Benhui State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing China

Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning (HRL) is a promising approach for complex tasks with greater sample efficiency because it can break a task into sets of short subtasks and provide a denser subgoal-related intrinsic reward, making credit assignments less challenging. However, none of the conventional subgoal-related intrinsic rewards utilize task-specified knowledge, which limits the sample efficiency of these HRL methods. We propose Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning with Attention Reward (HiAR) that motivates agents to focus on the part of the environment controlled by their actions. We introduce a measure of the control over each dimension in the state space and discuss how we integrated it into the HRL method to improve the sample efficiency. © 2023 International Foundation for Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems (***). All rights reserved.

关键词： Efficiency

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