Downward looking scene matching is an important technique of the aircraft automation guidance. To solve the heterogeneous images scene matching problem, we present two effective methods based on intensity-based correl...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819469502
Downward looking scene matching is an important technique of the aircraft automation guidance. To solve the heterogeneous images scene matching problem, we present two effective methods based on intensity-based correlation in this paper. One is to search the real match position based on the feature of the peak on the correlation surface. We propose a criterion to search the proper matching. The other is to use a non-linear filter to pre-process the images, which reduces the influence of ambient lighting while keeping the necessary image details since the contour of the scene is the stable and unchanged feature. Also, we use a Fourier analysis to explain the contribution of different frequency spectrum in the correlation. By using this frequency information, we propose a simpler kernel filter method based on pre-process, which has the similar performance with non-linear filter pre-process but has less computation complexity. This simple kernel is more suitable for the embedded DSP real-time application.
Physiological studies have provided clear evidence of neurons sensitive to second-order motion, and first-order motion mechanisms are blind to second-order motion. In this paper, we propose a computational simulation ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819469502
Physiological studies have provided clear evidence of neurons sensitive to second-order motion, and first-order motion mechanisms are blind to second-order motion. In this paper, we propose a computational simulation of second order motion perception, which bases on energy-based detector with a preceded nonlinear process called texture grabber. Generally, a texture grabber consists of a linear spatial filter, a linear temporal filter and a nonlinear transform, such as full-wave rectification. Here Difference of Gaussians (DoG) functions are used as the spatial filters, and Difference of Gammas (DoGamma) functions are chosen as the temporal filters. A series of experiments are computed and the results confirm that our motion perception system detects second-order motion correctly.
Gaussian mixture model is a popular method to model dynamic scenes viewed by a fixed camera. However, we found that it is not a trivial problem for each component of Gaussian mixture to learn the accurate parameters f...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819469502
Gaussian mixture model is a popular method to model dynamic scenes viewed by a fixed camera. However, we found that it is not a trivial problem for each component of Gaussian mixture to learn the accurate parameters for complex pixels. Furthermore, traditional method of Gaussian mixture has to make a tradeoff between system stability and convergence rate. We developed a mechanism of double-layer Gaussian mixture model for moving object detection from dynamic scenes, which can improve the convergence rate without compromising the system stability. Additionally, temporal consistency of variances was taken into account to alleviate camouflage problems in the process of detection.
Discrete Fourier transform (DFT) is an important tool in digital signal processing. We have proposed an approach to performing DFT via linear sums of discrete moments. In this paper, based on the previous work, we pre...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819469533
Discrete Fourier transform (DFT) is an important tool in digital signal processing. We have proposed an approach to performing DFT via linear sums of discrete moments. In this paper, based on the previous work, we present a new method of performing fast Fourier transform without multiplications by performing appropriate bit operations and shift operations in binary system, which can be implemented by integer additions of fixed points. The systolic implementation is a demonstration of the locality of dataflow in the algorithms and hence it implies an easy and potential hardware/VLSI realization. The approach is also applicable to DFT inverses.
Peaks extraction is a kind of post-process in many image application or vision tasks that can be used for finding the optimum solution in the solution space. In this paper a real time method is proposed. A candidate q...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819469502
Peaks extraction is a kind of post-process in many image application or vision tasks that can be used for finding the optimum solution in the solution space. In this paper a real time method is proposed. A candidate queue is first build for containing highest peaks in the image in ascending order. Then the image is scanned in sequence. At each scanning position every candidate in the queue is updated respectively by some criterions given in this paper. After the image is scanned over, the highest peaks in the image is achieved in the queue. All the process can be accomplished by logic circuit, so the method is very suitable for hardware system such as FPGA and so on.
A novel 3D terrain matching algorithm is presented in this paper. A terrain feature vector map (FVM), composed of local mean and local gradient, is employed to represent the terrain elevation map (TEM). Compared with ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819469519
A novel 3D terrain matching algorithm is presented in this paper. A terrain feature vector map (FVM), composed of local mean and local gradient, is employed to represent the terrain elevation map (TEM). Compared with traditional matching algorithm using the magnitude of gradient to match, the new algorithm uses each component of the gradient vector to match individually, and it is able to generate two interim matching positions. Different from traditional matching algorithms which usually estimate an optimum matching position under some criterions at the end, the new algorithm fused the two interim matching positions to generate a final matching position or refuse to position in order to increase the matching confidence, which is very important because it is hardly acceptable to employ a mismatched position to correct the error of Inertial Navigation System (INS). Due to the stability of terrain and the high-precision of lidar ranging, the mean of a sensed terrain elevation map (STEM) sized terrain is quite stable. So it is bestowed to accelerate the matching process and to reduce mismatches at different terrain heights. Compared with other mismatch-eliminated methods based on neural network (NN) or support vector machine (SVM), the new method do not need training samples and is more stable and robust. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is effective and robust.
Based on the geophysics technology, a gravity gradient-terrain matching submarine navigation approach is proposed in this paper. The submarine's current position obtained by matching the measured gravity gradient ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819469540
Based on the geophysics technology, a gravity gradient-terrain matching submarine navigation approach is proposed in this paper. The submarine's current position obtained by matching the measured gravity gradient data to the prepared gravity gradient reference map is used to correct the inertial navigation system's accumulated error. Although the precision gradiometer is in use, there is no world-wide gravity gradient map. The ocean's gravity gradient data is even scarce. Therefore, a gravity gradient matching navigation system directly utilizing the gravity gradient reference map can't be realized. With the sensitivity of gravity gradient to terrain, the gravity gradient reference map can be computed from the local terrain elevation data and the preparing approach of the gravity gradient map is proposed in detail in the paper. Since the seabed terrain elevation map, especially highly accurate offing terrain elevation map has been presurveyed, the location can be actualized through matching the real-time measured gravity gradient data to the prepared gravity gradient reference map. Simulations show that the submarine navigation approach on gravity gradient -terrain matching is feasible and can be put into practice.
In this paper, we propose a new image codec, which called embedded zerotree wavelet coefficients envelop coding (EZWCEC). The coefficients envelop is characterized by describing the global tendency of the significant ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819469502
In this paper, we propose a new image codec, which called embedded zerotree wavelet coefficients envelop coding (EZWCEC). The coefficients envelop is characterized by describing the global tendency of the significant wavelet coefficients. Based on the empirical analysis and experimental results, our EZWCEC algorithm restores the trend of the significant wavelet coefficients and estimates the magnitude of some insignificant coefficients on the decoder. Unlike other zerotree coding algorithms such as Said and Pearlman's SPIHT using three lists, EZWCEC only uses two lists during encoding and decoding. So the memory requirement for the hardware implementation is reduced significantly. Although PSNR values for EZWCEC are lower than SPIHT's and JPEG2000's, our experiment results have shown that EZWCEC can dramatically improve the visual quality of reconstructed at low bit rates (e.g., below 0.1bpp).
Wide baseline stereo correspondence has become a challenging and attractive problem in computer vision and its related applications. Getting high correct ratio initial matches is a very important step of general wide ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819469526
Wide baseline stereo correspondence has become a challenging and attractive problem in computer vision and its related applications. Getting high correct ratio initial matches is a very important step of general wide baseline stereo correspondence algorithm. Ferrari et al. suggested a voting scheme called topological filter in [3] to discard mismatches from initial matches, but they didn't give theoretical analysis of their method. Furthermore, the parameter of their scheme was uncertain. In this paper, we improved Ferraris' method based on our theoretical analysis, and presented a novel scheme called topologically clustering to discard mismatches. The proposed method has been tested using many famous wide baseline image pairs and the experimental results showed that the developed method can efficiently extract high correct ratio matches from low correct ratio initial matches for wide baseline image pairs.
This paper illustrates the advantages of using the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) as compared to the standard Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) for the purpose of removing random noise embedded in seismic data. The pr...
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