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Development of a high-performance bend-actuated piezoelectric tip/tilt stage with low power and simple operation

Science China Technological Sciences 2025年第6期 234-245页

作者： Jinghan GUAN Shijing ZHANG Jie DENG Weishan CHEN Junkao LIU Yingxiang LIU State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of Technology

Piezoelectric tip/tilt stages(PZT stages), which precisely and quickly control laser beam deflection, are widely used in laser communications. Most are driven by piezoelectric stack actuators(PSAs) and have high capacitance and power consumption. The negative voltage causes irreversible damage to PSAs. Therefore, negative voltage operation needs to be prohibited, which complicates manipulating the bidirectional deflection of the mirror. However, the aerospace field places higher requirements on power consumption and ease of operation, which makes the PZT stage require reduced power consumption and simple operation. This paper presents a high-performance bend-actuated PZT stage, which uses ceramic plates for driving, with a capacitance of only 26.4 nF/axis and a power of only 27 mW(at operating conditions of 1 mrad and 100 Hz).The sandwich structure allows for bi-directional voltage, which makes the operation easier. Two channels control two degrees of freedom(DOFs). A theoretical model suitable for bend-actuated structures is proposed. It is used to calculate the deflection angle and resonance frequency, and its validity is verified by finite element analysis. Experimental results show that it has a deflection angle of ±2.97 mrad(x-axis), ±3.24 mrad(y-axis) at 600 V p-p, an unloaded first-order resonance frequency of 1728 Hz, and a quasi-static hysteresis of only 7.5%, which is less than that of PSAs(>10%). With the constructed laser beam deflection system, a circular trajectory is realized, which has the potential for beam steering.

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A WLS-Based Step-by-Step Identification Method for Industrial Robot Dynamics Parameters

A WLS-Based Step-by-Step Identification Method for Industria...

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International Conference on Control, Automation and robotics (ICCAR)

作者： Qianjiang Wang Mingxiu Kong Chuancheng Bian Hao Hong State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System School of Mechatronics Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China

ISBN: (数字)9798350373172

ISBN: (纸本)9798350373189

In order to improve the accuracy of robot dynamics parameter identification, this paper designs a step-by-step identification method based on weighted least squares. The robot dynamics model is first linearized to obtain the minimum parameter set. Subsequently, the friction model is built separately and experiments are designed to recognize the joint friction parameters first. Based on this, the excitation trajectory of finite term Fourier series is designed and optimized and data are collected. The joint moments obtained from the difference between the overall experimentally collected moments and the calculated friction moments are used to obtain the complete robot dynamics parameters based on weighted least squares identification. Comparison of the designed overall identification experiments shows that the total moment residuals of this method are reduced by 35.52% compared with the one-time identification method, which proves the effectiveness of this method.

关键词： Parameter estimation Accuracy Automation Service robots Friction Industrial robots Kinetic theory

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A Time-Optimal Trajectory Planning Algorithm for Six-Degree-of-Freedom Robots Based on NURBS Curves

A Time-Optimal Trajectory Planning Algorithm for Six-Degree-...

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International Conference on Control, Automation and robotics (ICCAR)

作者： Hao Hong Minxiu Kong Jiawang Wang Qianjiang Wang School of Mechatronics Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin China

ISBN: (数字)9798350373172

ISBN: (纸本)9798350373189

In this paper, we research and analyse the practical needs of robotic arm to complete the complex path planning of robotic arm and smooth transition of multi-attitude in the shortest time under the premise of satisfying the dynamics constraints, and put forward the time-optimal trajectory planning based on NURBS curves and multi-attitude interpolation algorithm based on quaternion with NURBS curves. Using the complex nature of quaternions, the quaternions are converted into three-dimensional space points for curve interpolation, and finally converted back to quaternions to achieve the second-order continuity of multi-gesture interpolation; a time-optimal trajectory planning algorithm based on NURBS curves is designed, which discretises the curves, and fits the NURBS curves using the discrete points. At the same time, the optimal rate solution under all the constraints is calculated point by point according to the discrete points on the motion path, and the optimal velocity curve satisfying the dynamics constraints is obtained, so as to achieve the time-optimal trajectory planning. Finally, the feasibility of the designed trajectory planning algorithm is verified in the simulation software and experimental platform, and it is proved that the algorithm can effectively improve the running speed by at least 30%.

关键词： Surface reconstruction Interpolation Trajectory planning Service robots Quaternions Heuristic algorithms Software algorithms

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A novel design of force-feedback master manipulator for remote ultrasound scanning

A novel design of force-feedback master manipulator for remo...

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2022 IEEE International Conference on robotics and Biomimetics, ROBIO 2022

作者： Li, Changle Zhang, Chentao Yu, Chuan You Zhang, Leifeng Liu, Gangfeng Zhao, Jie Harbin Institute of Technology State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System No.2 YiKuang Street NanGang District Harbin HeiLongJiang China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665481090

This paper presents a novel six-degree-of-freedom force feedback master manipulator for remote ultrasound scanning. Firstly, a new configuration based on a planar five-link mechanism is proposed, taking into account the practical needs of medical ultrasound scanning. This configuration has two operating modes and can provide three degrees of force feedback. Secondly, a hybrid force/position master-slave control system based on the kinetic model force feedback method is built, which can realize incremental master-slave control, variable proportional control, force feedback, and other functions. Finally, the positional accuracy, gravity balance effect, and force feedback performance of this master manipulator are verified through experiments. Experiments show that the average position error of this novel force feedback master manipulator is 1.18 mm, the average attitude error expressed in terms of Euler angles is 0.83°, and the maximum feedback force that can be provided is 12.1 N, which satisfies the requirements of ultrasonic scanning. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Feedback

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Research on Surface Defect Detection Technology of Long-Distance and Long-Span FAST Cable

Research on Surface Defect Detection Technology of Long-Dist...

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Mechatronics and robotics Engineering (ICMRE), International Conference on

作者： Xin Tong Xuehe Zhang Gangfeng Liu Changle Li Jie Zhao State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China

Aiming at the problems of large cable span, small number of defect samples and complex background environment in the FAST cable defect detection task, a set of real-time defect detection algorithms based on convolutional neural network is proposed to realize the accurate location and classification of defects. It can achieve a good detection effect for defects with multiple angles and sizes, especially suitable for medium and long distances. The algorithm is verified on the dataset, and its recognition accuracy can reach 91.7%. Equipped on the hardware inference platform, it fully meets the efficiency and accuracy requirements of FAST cable inspection site, can be used in actual cable quality inspection tasks, and can be widely promoted to real-time defect detection of various high-altitude hanging cables.

关键词： Mechatronics Simulation Inspection Real-time systems Inference algorithms Hardware Convolutional neural networks

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A Contactless Magnetic Frequency-Boosting Mechanism for Wind Energy Harvesting

A Contactless Magnetic Frequency-Boosting Mechanism for Wind...

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Micro and Nanotechnology for Power Generation and Energy Conversion Applications (PowerMEMS)

作者： Yunfei Li Manjuan Huang Tianyi Tang Heng Zhao Lining Sun Huicong Liu State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT) CHINA School of Mechanical and Electric Engineering Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Robotics Soochow University CHINA

ISBN: (数字)9798350380200

ISBN: (纸本)9798350380217

This paper presents a non-contact magnetic frequency-boosting wind energy harvester suitable for low wind speed environments, designed to power various IoT sensors. The device comprises a driving component, a driven component, and a stator component. These components work together to convert low-speed rotational motion caused by wind into high-speed rotational motion, thereby achieving high-power electromagnetic energy output. Performance tests have shown that the output voltage increases with wind speed, reaching a peak voltage of 27V and a peak power of 1.6W at a wind speed of 10 m/s. The device has successfully powered LED bulbs and Bluetooth sensors, demonstrating its practicality for real-time environmental monitoring applications.

关键词： Temperature sensors Wind energy Wind speed Magnetic sensors Voltage Stators Sensor systems Environmental monitoring Electromagnetics Power generation

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A Novel Approach for Solving Time-Varying Linear Equations and Its Application in Motion Tracking of Redundant Robots

A Novel Approach for Solving Time-Varying Linear Equations a...

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Frontiers of robotics and Software Engineering (FRSE), International Conference on

作者： Hong Yin Hongzhe Jin Jie Zhao State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China

Solving time-varying linear equations is a common problem in many fields. In this article, a novel approach is proposed based on the cost function constructed by the mixed error, which is made up of the residual error and its integration. The merits of the novel approach include high accuracy, noise immunity, and asymptotic convergence. Since the derivative information of time-varying signals is used in the proposed method, a proportional-integral differentiator is designed based on the mixed estimation error for the first derivative estimation. The proposed differentiator has a high degree of precision, asymptotic convergence, and no chattering. In addition, theoretical analyses prove the convergence of the proposed optimal strategy and differentiator. Simulation results validate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed strategy and the designed differentiator. Finally, the proposed approach is employed in the motion tracking of redundant robots.

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A Kinematic Decoupling Whole-body Control Method for a Mobile Humanoid Upper Body Robot

A Kinematic Decoupling Whole-body Control Method for a Mobil...

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Frontiers of robotics and Software Engineering (FRSE), International Conference on

作者： Fengjia Ju Hongzhe Jin Jie Zhao State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China

The mobile humanoid upper body robot combines the humanoid upper body robot with the mobile platform. It has high redundancy and can complete complex tasks. However, coupling joints, including the waist joints and the mobile platform, exist in the configuration of the robot. During the task execution, the motion of the end-effectors on the dual arms are not independent, but interfere with each other through the motion of the waist and the mobile platform. Therefore, we need to decouple the waist and mobile platform from the dual arms. Based on the pseudo-inverse method of the redundant manipulators, we consider the motion of the coupling joints as a disturbance term and propose a kinematic decoupling whole-body control method. The method realizes the decoupling and cooperation of dual arms, avoids the interference of the inverse kinematics model of the dual arms, and fully releases the application potential of the high redundancy. The decoupling method allows the waist joints and the mobile platform to move randomly without affecting the task operation at the end-effectors, and to further plan their movements separately in order to smooth the whole body motion. The simulations on the mobile humanoid upper body robot verifies our method.

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Data Augmentation for Improving CNNs in Medical Image Classification

Data Augmentation for Improving CNNs in Medical Image Classi...

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6th International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing (ICSP)

作者： Yi Ren Zengmin He Yang Deng Bo Huang State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China

Medical image is essential for physicians to diagnose diseases. And convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have gained momentum for computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) medical image. However, there are still challenges in CNNs related to a lack of data and class-imbalanced datasets. Data augmentation is utilized to address the issues mentioned above. In this study, the Pseudo-color enhancement algorithm (OCEAN and TWILIGHT), common linear transform, CLAHE enhancement, and K-means clustering algorithm were applied to pneumonia X-ray images for data augmentation. Thus, five processed datasets were finally obtained. The results indicated that five data-augmentation methods effectively improved the performance of CNNs for the pneumonia X-ray images binary classification detection, in which the CLAHE enhancement and OCEAN enhancement methods had the accuracy and F1 Score with 97.42%, 97.19%, and 97.42%, 98.36%, respectively. DenseNet121 showed the best classification performance of four CNNs utilized in this study, as evidenced by the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves (AUC). To verify the generalizability of the two enhancement methods, CLAHE and OCEAN enhancement methods were applied to the Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) dataset of Alzheimer's disease, which had the accuracy and F1 Score with 98.15% , 98.15%, and 97.22%, 97.68%, respectively. Therefore, these simple and efficient data-augmentation methods effectively improve the performance of CNNs for diagnosing medical image, which can provide theoretical reference for physicians to diagnose the above two diseases, and advance the application of clinical medicine.

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Aerodynamic Analysis and Deployment Mechanism of A Foldable Mars Quadrotor

Aerodynamic Analysis and Deployment Mechanism of A Foldable ...

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IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation

作者： Kaijie Zhu Dewei Tang Qiquan Quan Kaiyi Wang Yachao Dong Zongquan Deng State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China

The Mars quadrotor is a vertical take-off and landing aerial platform developed to enhance the efficiency of Mars exploration. The four-blade rotor has a high thrust coefficient due to its high solidity, which enables the quadrotor to navigate the Martian atmospheric environment efficiently. This paper proposes a payload-carrying Mars quadrotor featuring four four-bladed rotors that can fold along the rotor arms. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method is employed to perform numerical hovering simulations, exploring the propulsion capability and aerodynamic efficiency of rotors with different diameters. The mass distribution and hovering time are estimated when the quadrotor consists of the rotors with the highest figure of merit. The results demonstrate that a larger rotor diameter of the quadrotor yields greater payload capacity and shorter hovering time. During the launch, the quadrotor is folded and constrained within an envelope to protect it from vibrations and shocks. A lifting mechanism with shape-constraint slides is utilized for quadrotor deployment.

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