The engineering of plant-based precursor for nitrogen doping has become one of the most promising strategies to enhance rate capability of hard carbon materials for sodium-ion batteries;however,the poor rate performan...
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The engineering of plant-based precursor for nitrogen doping has become one of the most promising strategies to enhance rate capability of hard carbon materials for sodium-ion batteries;however,the poor rate performance is mainly caused by lack of pyridine nitrogen,which often tends to escape because of high temperature in preparation process of hard *** this paper,a high-rate kapok fiber-derived hard carbon is fabricated by cross-linking carboxyl group in 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid with the exposed hydroxyl group on alkalized kapok with assistance of zinc ***,a high nitrogen doping content of 4.24%is achieved,most of which are pyridine nitrogen;this is crucial for improving the defect sites and electronic conductivity of hard *** optimized carbon with feature of high nitrogen content,abundant functional groups,degree of disorder,and large layer spacing exhibits high capacity of 401.7 mAh g^(−1)at a current density of 0.05 A g^(−1),and more importantly,good rate performance,for example,even at the current density of 2 A g^(−1),a specific capacity of 159.5 mAh g^(−1)can be *** findings make plant-based hard carbon a promising candidate for commercial application of sodium-ion batteries,achieving high-rate performance with the enhanced pre-cross-linking interaction between plant precursors and dopants to optimize aromatization process by auxiliary pyrolysis.
The safety and cycle lifespan of zinc metal-based aqueous batteries are greatly restricted by zinc *** poor cycling performance of zinc metal anode is often considered to be impacted by the dendrite growth,surface pas...
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The safety and cycle lifespan of zinc metal-based aqueous batteries are greatly restricted by zinc *** poor cycling performance of zinc metal anode is often considered to be impacted by the dendrite growth,surface passivation,zinc metal corrosion and hydrogen evolution reaction,while surface roughness is a matter that has often been ignored in past ***,a roughness gradient is constructed on the zinc anode surface by a simple grinding and pasting *** has been found the modified zinc anodes with lower surface roughness exhibit the smaller zinc deposition overpotential and longer cycle ***,in situ optical microscopy photographs indicate that the zinc anode with an optimized roughness enables more uniform distribution of zinc precipitation and corrosion sites,which will facilitate a stable cycling performance of aqueous zinc ion *** Zn anode dendrite-suppressing mechanism via surface roughness engineering was revealed through finite element computational *** results emphasize the effectiveness of roughness engineering for tuning the surface physics of Zn anode and provide a facile strategy to develop better and safer aqueous zinc ion batteries.
AlMoON based solar selective absorption coatings were deposited on stainless steel substrate by magnetron *** coatings included infrared reflection layer Mo,absorption layer AlMoN,absorption layer AlMoON and antirefle...
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AlMoON based solar selective absorption coatings were deposited on stainless steel substrate by magnetron *** coatings included infrared reflection layer Mo,absorption layer AlMoN,absorption layer AlMoON and antireflection layer AlMoO from bottom to *** surface of the deposited coatings is flat without obvious *** absorptivity and emissivity are 0.896 and 0.09,respectively,and the quality factor is *** heat treatment at 500℃-36 h,the surface roughness of the coating increases,a small number of cracks and other defects appear,and the broken part is still attached to the coating surface.A certain degree of element diffusion occurs in the coatings,resulting in the decline of the optical properties of the *** absorptivity and emissivity are 0.883 and 0.131,respectively,the quality factor is 7.06,and the PC value is *** coatings do not fail under this condition and have certain thermal stability.
Mechanical metamaterials can be defined as a class of architected materials that exhibit unprecedented mechanical properties derived from designed artificial architectures rather than their constituent *** macroscale ...
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Mechanical metamaterials can be defined as a class of architected materials that exhibit unprecedented mechanical properties derived from designed artificial architectures rather than their constituent *** macroscale and simple layouts can be realized by conventional top-down manufacturing approaches,many of the sophisticated designs at various length scales remain elusive,due to the lack of adequate manufacturing *** progress in additive manufacturing(AM)has led to the realization of a myriad of novel metamaterial *** methods capable of fabricating microscale architectures with high resolution,arbitrary complexity,and high feature fidelity have enabled the rapid development of architected meta materials and drastically reduced the design-computation and experimental-validation *** paper first provides a detailed review of various topologies based on the desired mechanical properties,including stiff,strong,and auxetic(negative Poisson’s ratio)metamaterials,followed by a discussion of the AM technologies capable of fabricating these ***,we discuss current challenges and recommend future directions for AM and mechanical metamaterials.
To satisfy the requirements of substantial green development,it is urgent to explore an innovative eco‐friendly semiconductor photocatalyst to efficiently achieve visible‐light‐driven photocatalytic H 2 evolution(P...
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To satisfy the requirements of substantial green development,it is urgent to explore an innovative eco‐friendly semiconductor photocatalyst to efficiently achieve visible‐light‐driven photocatalytic H 2 evolution(PHE).The strategy of promoting the spatial separation efficiency of photoinduced carriers can essentially enhance the PHE performance of a ***,a graphitic carbon nitride(g‐C 3 N 4)‐based donor–acceptor(D‐A)copolymer(CNDM x)is constructed by simple one‐pot thermal polycondensation,using urea and 5,8‐DibroMoquinoxaline(as an electron donor)as *** electron D-A modulation consequently creates an internal electric field to facilitate the intramolecular charge transfer within the copolymer.A series of experimental characterizations and density functional theory calculations are applied to elucidate the variation and correlation of the structure and PHE performance of the as-prepared *** is found that the best average PHE rate of 3012.5μmolg^(−1) h^(−1) can be achieved over the optimal D-A copolymer under visible‐light(400<λ<800nm)irradiation,which is~3.3 times that of pure urea-derived g-C_(3)N_(4).The corresponding apparent quantum efficiency is 1.3% at *** study provides a protocol for designing effective visible-light photocatalysts via D-A modulation of polymeric semiconductors.
In this work,wemodeled the brittle fracture of shell structure in the framework of Peridynamics Mindlin-Reissener shell theory,in which the shell is described by material points in themean-plane with its drilling rota...
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In this work,wemodeled the brittle fracture of shell structure in the framework of Peridynamics Mindlin-Reissener shell theory,in which the shell is described by material points in themean-plane with its drilling rotation neglected in kinematic *** improve the numerical accuracy,the stress-point method is utilized to eliminate the numerical instability induced by the zero-energy mode and *** crack surface is represented explicitly by stress points,and a novel general crack criterion is proposed based on *** of the critical stretch used in common peridynamic solid,it is convenient to describe thematerial failure by using the classic constitutive model in continuum *** this work,a concise crack simulation algorithm is also provided to describe the crack path and its development,in order to simulate the brittle fracture of the shell *** examples are presented to validate and demonstrate our proposed *** reveal that our model has good accuracy and capability to represent crack propagation and branch spontaneously.
MXene nanomaterials are one of the most promising electrode material candidates for supercapacitors owing to their high conductivity,abundant surface functional groups and large surface ***,electrodes based on MXene m...
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MXene nanomaterials are one of the most promising electrode material candidates for supercapacitors owing to their high conductivity,abundant surface functional groups and large surface ***,electrodes based on MXene may result in low ion-accessible surface area and blocked ion transport pathways because of the self-restacking of MXene *** is essential to suppress the self-res tacking of nanosheets and increase the electrochemical active sites in order to optimize the *** this work,bidirectionally aligned MXene hybrid aerogel(A-MHA)assembled with MXene nanosheets and microgels is prepared using a facile bidirectional freeze casting and freeze-drying *** bidirectionally aligned structure together with the three-dimensional structured microgels in the A-MHAs,can improve the ionaccessible surface area and provide more barrier-free channels by exposing more active sites and ensuring electrolyte transport *** A-MHA with MXene microgels content of 40 wt%exhibits a high specific capacitance of 760 F·g^(-1)at 1 A·g^(-1)and a remarkable cyclic performance of 97%after 10,000 cycles at100 mV·s^(-1)in 1 mol·L^(-1)H_(2)SO_(4)electrolyte.A-MHAs show remarkable electrochemical properties and are of potential application in energy storage.
Hollow nitrogen-doped porous carbon materials covered with different thicknesses of carbon layers were synthesized to assist evaluation of the influence of nitrogen atom on the surrounding carbon *** designed carbon-b...
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Hollow nitrogen-doped porous carbon materials covered with different thicknesses of carbon layers were synthesized to assist evaluation of the influence of nitrogen atom on the surrounding carbon *** designed carbon-based materials were synthesized through pyrolysis of surface-attached block copolymer layers on silica nanoparticles with different thicknesses of the second block of grafted polymer chains,followed by removal of silica *** experimental results reveal that coverage a carbon layer with proper thickness can improve the oxygen reaction reduction activity of nitrogen-doped carbon materials as evidenced by the positive shift of half-wave potential in linear scanning voltammetry response *** conclusions may provide a reference work on understanding the active sites and designing materials with superior electrochemical performance.
Porous carbon spheres represent an ideal family of electrode materials forsupercapacitors because of the high surface area,ideal conductivity,negligible aggregation,and ability to achieve space efficient ***,the devel...
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Porous carbon spheres represent an ideal family of electrode materials forsupercapacitors because of the high surface area,ideal conductivity,negligible aggregation,and ability to achieve space efficient ***,the development of new synthetic methods towards porous carbon spheres still remains a great ***,N-doped hollow carbon spheres with an ultrahigh surface area of2044 m^(2)/g have been designed based on the phenylenediamine-formaldehyde *** applied in symmetric supercapacitors with ionic electrolyte(EMIBF_4),the obtained N-doped hollow carbon spheres demonstrate a high capacitance of 234 F/g,affording an ultrahigh energy density of 114.8 Wh/*** cycling stability has also been *** impressive capacitive performances make the phenylenediamine-formaldehyde resin derived N-doped carbon a promising candidate electrode material for supercapacitors.
A recombinant protein ChiSifiCa,which was originally designed for regulation of calcium carbonate,was utilized to direct the mineralization of PbI_(2).By the regulation of ChiSifiCa protein,PbI_(2)nanoparticles compos...
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A recombinant protein ChiSifiCa,which was originally designed for regulation of calcium carbonate,was utilized to direct the mineralization of PbI_(2).By the regulation of ChiSifiCa protein,PbI_(2)nanoparticles composed of crystalline nanoflakes and amorphous nanorods were fabricated under environmental benign *** PbI_(2)was successfully applied for preparation of perovskite precursors to fabricate solar *** regulation of ChiSifiCa on PbI_(2)improves the power conversion efficiency of corresponding perovskite solar cells to 16%.The present study may open a new avenue in the design and synthesis of materials with novel structures and functions.
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