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2020 International Topical Meeting on Advances in Thermal Hydraulics, ATH 2020

作者： Liu, Xiao Tian, Zhixing Wang, Chenglong Tian, Wenxi Qiu, Suizheng Su, Guanghui Shanxi Engineering Research Center of Advanced Nuclear Energy School of Nuclear Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an710049 China

ISBN: (纸本)9780894487774

Heat pipe cooled reactor has been proposed for applying in the space station and underwater exploration featured with high reliability, low noise level and compact structure. A typical design of a heat pipe cooled reactor system is HP-STMCs designed by the University of New Mexico. It is conceptually designed as a fast reactor, lithiumfilled heat pipes that transfer heat to potassium heat pipes radiator and thermoelectric generators. In this paper, a code is developed for studying the operating thermal-hydraulic characteristics of the reactor core, which consists of core thermal-hydraulic model, neutron kinetics model and heat pipe startup model. The highest temperatures of fuel and matrix in reactor core shows at the 2nd channel, which reach 1720K and 1545K from the results of steady-state. As for the startup transient, the code for heat pipe cooled reactor core successfully predicts key parameters during startup transient, such as each layer material temperature of reactor core, a single heat pipe's temperature response and heat rejection power. The code has initially predicted the transient response of the heat pipe cooled reactor under 800W/s and130W/s power increasing rates. It is discussed that the startup strategy of power increasing rates is based on heat pipe transition temperature (916K). This research provides valuable experience for designing and formulating control strategies of the heat pipe cooled reactor. © ATH 2020 - International Topical Meeting on Advances in Thermal *** rights reserved.

关键词： Heat pipes

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Novel supercritical CO 2 coal upgrading technology: Experimental and simulation investigation

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Fuel 2026年 403卷

作者： Junying Wang Meixin Guan Hongtu Wu Yu Dou Bowei Zhang Hui Jin State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering (SKLMF) Xi’an Jiaotong University 28 Xianning West Road Xi’an 710049 Shaanxi China

The development and utilization of low-rank coal is one of the important issues in the coal industry. The high moisture content of coal greatly limits its application. Supercritical CO 2 (SC-CO 2 ) extraction technology can effectively dry and dewater coal by utilizing the high solubility and diffusion capacity of SC-CO 2 . In contrast to existing single-condition studies, we used SC-CO 2 to improve the quality of coal under a wide range of temperature and pressure through experimental and molecular dynamics simulation methods. In this work, we used a SC-CO 2 extraction experimental system to extract the water of Zhundong coal at extraction temperature and pressure varied from 50 °C to 200 °C and 8 MPa to 16 MPa, respectively. Thereafter, the alterations in pore structure, surface functional group, microcrystalline structure, and combustion characteristics of Zhundong coal were examined before and after SC-CO 2 extraction. The findings demonstrated that the water content of coal was significantly reduced with the extraction temperature increasing and the extraction pressure decreasing, and the water content was reduced by 99.13 % in the highest case. The coal samples’ specific surface area increased with decreasing extraction temperature and increasing extraction pressure. The number of functional groups on the coal surface diminished slightly, but the types of functional groups remained unchanged. Besides that, the thermogravimetric analysis results demonstrated that the average burning rate of the SC-CO 2 -upgraded coal samples was significantly improved, which has a positive impact on the development of the coal industry. In addition, we explored the dissolution and diffusion of water in SC-CO 2 through molecular dynamics simulation to clarify the mechanism of the dewatering process. The simulation results showed that the diffusion coefficients of water increased when the temperature was increased and the pressure was decreased.

关键词： SC-CO 2 Moisture content Coal Extraction Simulation

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A systematic improvement of the high-quality temperature field reconstruction for acoustic pyrometry

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Case Studies in Thermal engineering 2025年 72卷

作者： Jingkao Tan Na Li Qulan Zhou Yanyuan Hu Lehang Chen Zhongquan Gao Jie Zhou State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China Xi'an Aerospace Propulsion Institute Xi'an 710100 China

Obtaining an accurate temperature distribution in furnaces for industrial combustion devices is critical. Acoustic pyrometry (AP) is a promising methodology for high-quality temperature field reconstruction, which is widely used in the monitoring of atmosphere, room, and furnace. However, due to the harsh working environment and the engineering limitations, the number of installed acoustic transducers is restricted, which in turn results in sparse valid data and an ill-posed AP problem. We used multiple means of improvement to improve the reconstruction performance of AP in a gradual and systematic manner. The fast finite-difference shooting method, the adaptive grid evolution strategy (AGES) and the radial basis function approximation with polynomial reproduction (RBFPR) were proposed and integrated into the sequential process optimization approach we concluded to systematically improve the reconstruction performance over the initial algorithm. In this approach, we optimized the parameters used for the reconstruction sequentially, analyzed the effectiveness of various means of improvement, finalized and validated an algorithm that takes into account universality and precision. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of the simulation and experimental results show the validity of the finalized algorithm and the sequential process optimization approach, demonstrating its significance for furnace temperature field measurement, combustion control, and environmental protection.

关键词： Inverse problem Acoustic pyrometry Acoustic tomography Acoustic refraction Algorithm improvement Domain discretization Temperature field reconstruction

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Numerical study on the mechanism of drag modulation by dispersed drops in two-phase Taylor-Couette turbulence

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Su, Jinghong Yi, Lei Zhao, Bidan Wang, Cheng Xu, Fan Wang, Junwu Sun, Chao New Cornerstone Science Laboratory Center for Combustion Energy Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Energy and Power Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences P. O. Box 353 Beijing100190 China Department of Engineering Mechanics School of Aerospace Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

The presence of a dispersed phase can significantly modulate the drag in turbulent systems. We derived a conserved quantity that characterizes the radial transport of azimuthal momentum in the fluid-fluid two-phase Taylor-Couette turbulence. This quantity consists of contributions from advection, diffusion, and two-phase interface, which are closely related to density, viscosity, and interfacial tension, respectively. We found from interface-resolved direct numerical simulations that the presence of the two-phase interface consistently produces a positive contribution to the momentum transport and leads to drag enhancement, while decreasing the density and viscosity ratios of the dispersed phase to the continuous phase reduces the contribution of local advection and diffusion terms to the momentum transport, respectively, resulting in drag reduction. Therefore, we concluded that the decreased density ratio and the decreased viscosity ratio work together to compete with the presence of two-phase interface for achieving drag modulation in fluid-fluid two-phase turbulence. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Drag

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Frequency characteristics and slug velocities of severe slugging in pipeline-riser systems

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Ocean engineering 2025年 336卷

作者： Yuwen Li Qiang Xu Yeqi Cao Haiyang Yu Bo Huang Liejin Guo State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China College of Petroleum Engineering Xi'an Shiyou University Xi'an 710065 China

The frequency characteristics and slug velocities of severe slugging are crucial for assessing fatigue damage and ensuring flow safety in offshore pipeline-riser systems. The flow pattern distributions and flow characteristics of severe slugging were obtained for the small-scale ( L H = 20 m, L I = 3 m, H R = 2 m) and kilometer-scale long-distance ( L H = 1657 m, L I = 30 m, H R = 29 m) pipeline-riser systems. Due to the periodicity of severe slugging, the local flow pattern in the riser was a composite pattern of alternating slug flow, bubble flow, and liquid flow. The significant decrease of the differential pressure in the riser induced slug flow in the horizontal pipe. A quantitative correlation was established among structural parameters, dimensionless gas and liquid Froude numbers, and severe slugging frequency. The average percent absolute relative error of the prediction was reduced from 58.31 % to 28.42 %. The peak velocities of liquid slugs in the small-scale and kilometer-scale systems can reach 7.5 and 22.9 times the inlet mixture velocities, respectively. A mechanism prediction model for liquid slug peak velocity considering the average void fraction in the riser was proposed. Approximately 85 % of the predicted values were within the error range of ±20 %.

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Unique Z-Scheme TiO2 Homojunction Enabling Photocatalytic Water Splitting with Unit Quantum Efficiency

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Lu, Kejian Guan, Xiangjiu Liu, Feng Fu, Yiwei Peng, Hao Hu, Anlan Huang, Jie Yu, Fangbo Zhang, Chunyang Xue, Fei Fu, Wenlong Liu, Maochang InternationalResearchCenter for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory ofMultiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi710049 Xi’an China Suzhou Academy ofXi’an Jiaotong University Jiangsu Suzhou215123 China

TiO2 appears as the most widely investigated semiconductor photocatalyst for solar water splitting, yet with limited success approaching the upper limit of quantum efficiency. Promising performance could be expected from optimizing crystal and electronic structures via modulating Ti-O coordination, with respect to overcoming the obstacles from poor charge transfer behaviour and inferior surface reaction kinetics, while remaining as a significant challenge. Herein, we demonstrate a novel defect-rich Z-scheme TiO2 homojunction photocatalyst by precisely thermodynamically regulated one-step symbiotic phase transition. The Z-scheme TiO2 promises a remarkable H2 evolution rate (2.20 mmol h-1) with a quantum efficiency of 99.24% at 350 nm. Detailed analysis indicates the electronic interactions and redistribution induced by the modification of Ti-O coordination, which contributes to establishing a unique charge transfer via Z-scheme mode and an activated surface to break through the kinetic barrier of water oxidation for achieving overall water splitting. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Titanium dioxide

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Analysis of Frequent Tube Burst of High Temperature Reheater in 600 MW Unit

Analysis of Frequent Tube Burst of High Temperature Reheater...

引用

2020 IEEE Sustainable power and Energy Conference, iSPEC 2020

作者： Sun, Ke Wang, Jiaan Yan, Yu Jiang, Jiahao Deng, Lei Che, Defu China Huadian Electric Power Research Institute Co. Ltd. Hangzhou310030 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi'An Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781728191645

The reasons of frequent tube burst of the high temperature reheater in a supercritical 600 MW unit were systematically investigated via the examination of macroscopic inspection, chemical composition, mechanical properties, microstructures, scanning electron microscope and energy disperse spectroscopy detection. It is demonstrated that the tube burst of the high temperature reheater results from not only design factors, but also manufacture quality. Due to the absence of solid solution treatment in spare elbow, the inner dislocations and residual stress increase obviously, which accelerates the precipitation of carbide containing Cr and the formation of Cr depleted zone on grain boundary(GB) subsequently, leading to the decrease of GB corrosion resistance and the final leakage of high temperature reheater tube induced by intergranular corrosion. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Carbides

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CdS nanocrystallites sensitized ZnO nanorods with plasmon enhanced photoelectrochemical performance

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2019年第12期30卷 2363-2367页

作者： Li Cai Yuanchang Du Xiangjiu Guan Shaohua Shen International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering (MFPE) Xi’an Jiaotong University (XJTU)

A novel architecture of CdS/ZnO nanorods with plasmonic silver(Ag) nanoparticles deposited at the interface of ZnO nanorods and CdS nanocrystallites,was designed as a photoanode for solar hydrogen generation,with photocurrent density achieving 4.7 mA/cm^2 at 1.6 V(***),which is 8 and 1.7 times as high as those of pure ZnO and CdS/ZnO nanorod films,***,with optical absorption onset extended to^660 nm,CdS/Ag/ZnO nanorod film exhibits significantly increased incident photo-tocurrent efficiency(IPCE) in the whole optical absorption region,reaching 23.1% and 9.8% at 400 nm and500 nm,*** PEC enhancement can be attributed to the one-dimensional ZnO nanorod structure maintained for superior charge transfer,and the extended visible-light absorption of CdS ***,the incorporated plasmonic Ag nanoparticles could further promote the interfacial charge carrier transfer process and enhance the optical absorption ability,due to its excellent plasmon resonance effect.

关键词： ZnO nanorods Plasmonic Ag nanoparticles CdS nanocrystallites Photoelectrochemical water splitting Synergistic effect

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Failure analysis of tube-burst on T91 platen superheater of 600 MW supercritical boiler

Failure analysis of tube-burst on T91 platen superheater of ...

引用

2020 International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Electromechanical Automation, AIEA 2020

作者： Sun, Ke Wang, Jia'An Yan, Yu Jiang, Jiahao Deng, Lei State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi'An Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China China Huadian Electric Power Research Institute Co. Ltd. Hangzhou310030 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781728182889

In this paper, the specimen of the bursting tubes, original tube and oxide-like debris are analysed in-depth by macroscopic examination, chemical composition analysis, mechanical properties, metallographic examination, scanning electron microscopy and energy spectrum analysis etc.,. It shows that the main reason for the tube-burst is that the original oxide matters or time-original oxide matters blocks the tube, reducing the cooling effect of the steam, and resulting in a short-term overheating of the tube. It is recommended to control the internal cleanliness of boiler equipment and pipest. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Scanning electron microscopy

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Enhanced Hydrogen Production of Acidified La2nio4 in Water and Seawater by Coupled Piezo-Photocatalysis

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Ma, Xinyu Gao, Yangfei Yang, Bian Lou, Xiaojie Huang, Jianbing Ma, Lijing Jing, Dengwei International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China Frontier Institute of Science and Technology State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China School of Materials Science and Engineering Xi’an University of Technology Xi’an710048 China

Photocatalytic water splitting for hydrogen production is more sustainable than traditional desalination and electrocatalysis, because of avoiding electrode corrosion and other problems. Two-dimensional perovskite oxide materials have multiple characteristics such as ferroelectric, piezoelectric and pyroelectric properties, demonstrating good light response and chemical stability, which provides a broad prospect in photo-chemical conversion. In this study, acidified La2NiO4 can greatly improve the amount of hydrogen evolution by coupling its piezocatalysis and photocatalysis. Under the full-spectrum illumination assisted with ultrasonic vibration in seawater, a recordable hydrogen production activity of 1315.44 μmol·g-1·h-1 was obtained in acidified La2NiO4 by 0.006 mol/L HCl, which more than 200 times higher than that of pure La2NiO4 (6.89 μmol·g-1·h-1) in methanol solution. It is found that the significant hydrogen production of La2NiO4 samples treated with acidification lies in the fast separation of charge carriers in comparison with those without acidification. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hydrogen production

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