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SSRN 2022年

作者： Mota, Fábio A.S. Fei, Lihan Tang, Chenglong Huang, Zuo-Hua Costa, Fernando S. State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flows in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Shanxi Xi’an710049 China SP Santo Andre09210-580 Brazil SP Cachoeira Paulista12630-000 Brazil

For nearly six decades, hydrazine and its derivatives have been the standard fuels for rockets and spacecrafts. However, their attractive features are offset by their toxicity and associated high handling and storage costs. This work presents a novel green fuel system based on N,N,N’N’-Tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA), dimethylaminoethanol (DMEA) and methanol or ethanol with high test peroxide (HTP). Drop tests were performed with 27 samples using both high speed photography and transient infrared imaging. Results have shown that neither pure TMEDA nor pure DMEA is hypergolic with high test peroxide (HTP) even with copper chloride (anhydrous or hydrated) as the catalyst. Interestingly, their combination (samples FS1.3 to FS1.8) provided a synergistic effect achieving hypergolic behavior with a consistently low ignition delay time (IDT) using only a half percent of catalyst, and the best hypergolic ignition behavior was achieved with a volume ratio of TMEDA to DMEA of 50:50 (sample FS1.5). In addition, in order to adjust some properties of this blend, sample FS1.5 was further mixed with methanol or ethanol with different ratios (samples FS2.1, FS2.2. FS2.3, FS2.4, FS3.1, FS3.2, FS3.3 and FS3.4) and they showed even better hypergolic ignition performance with IDT as low as 10 ms. Besides their good hypergolic ignition performance characteristics, the fuel systems with alcohol also present low viscosity and higher density and comparable theoretical specific impulses compared to the conventional hydrazine-based systems. It is believed that this catalytically promoted hypergolic systems with HTP open up a new avenue to the replacement of conventional highly toxic hypergolic propellants. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Methanol

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Rationally Engineered Reox-Cuso4/Tio2 Catalyst with Superior Nh3-Sco Efficiency and Remarkably Boosted So2 Tolerance: Synergy of Acid Sites and Surface Adsorbed Oxygen

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Yu, Yanke Wei, Desheng Tong, Zhaojian Wang, Jinxiu Chen, Jinsheng He, Chi Department of Environmental Science and Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xiamen361021 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi'An710049 China National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing101408 China

Ammonia (NH3) is a critical component causing environmental problems like haze and water pollution. Selective catalytic oxidation of ammonia (NH3-SCO) to N2 and H2O is a promising method to abate NH3 emission. However, inferior SO2 tolerance is still a tremendous challenge to be conquered for present NH3-SCO catalysts regarding practical applications. Application of materials which was difficult to be sulfated by SO2 should be an effective pathway to solve this problem. Here, a ReOx-CuSO4/TiO2 catalyst which coupled the advantages of ReOx (Rhenium oxides, supplying highly active adsorbed surface oxygen for enhancing NH3-SCO reaction) and CuSO4 (providing Brønsted acid sites for inhibiting the formation of N2O) was rationally fabricated. Results indicated that ReOx-CuSO4/TiO2 catalyst performed excellent catalytic performance in NH3-SCO with almost 100% of NH3 oxidized at 300 °C (N2 selectivity as high as 96%). Crucially, the composite catalyst exhibited incredible activity and stability under harsh reaction conditions toward SO2 (600 ppm) and H2O (4.0 vol.%) owing to the superior inhibition capability for SO2 adsorption. In situ DRIFTS, in situ Raman and in situ XPS demonstrated that the NH3-SCO reaction over ReOx-CuSO4/TiO2 catalyst mainly obeyed a N2H4 reaction mechanism and oxidation-reduction circle between Re7+ and Re6+ played a vital role. In addition, SO2 would not affect this reaction mechanism on ReOx-CuSO4/TiO2 catalyst. The knowledge and understanding reported could provide critical insights for the design and optimization of efficient materials for industrial NH3 oxidative elimination. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Ammonia

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Phenomenon of fog formation and flow characteristics of droplet-vapor-gas mixture in a cooler-condenser

Phenomenon of fog formation and flow characteristics of drop...

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ASME 2019 International Mechanical engineering Congress and Exposition, IMECE 2019

作者： Gu, Hongfang Guo, Qiwei Li, Changsong Zhou, Qing State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an Shaanxi China

ISBN: (纸本)9780791859452

Fog formation occurs in the process of condensation in the presence of non-condensable gas if the bulk temperature is lower than its saturation temperature (supersaturated). The phenomena of fogging is the formation of small condensate particles mixing with the vapor/gas stream, which creates potential problems of the vapor/gas/condensate separation and environmental pollution. Therefore, understanding of fogging mechanism and prevention of fog droplet entrainment are one of technical concerns for design and operation of cooler-condensers in the process industry. This paper presents the experimental study and numerical simulation of shell-side condensation with fog formation using a mixture of steam/non-condensable gas. The experimental data were collected on the two tube bundles (modified plastic tubes and stainless steel tubes). Using a high-speed photograph technique, the phenomenon of fog formation and flow characteristics of vapor/droplet transport were recorded over a wide range of test conditions. The numerical analysis of film and dropwise condensation, fog formation and droplet particle transport were simulated using different tube geometry and material, and flow velocity of air/droplet mixture. Based on simulation results, a new droplet trapping parameter is proposed to assess the optimal parameters of heat exchanger structural and operation conditions. Comparisons show that the numerical analysis results have a good agreement with experimental data and observations. These findings provide fundamental approach to account for the effect of fog formation, film and dropwise condensation, and droplet transport crossflow in cooler-condensers. Copyright © 2019 ASME.

关键词： Drops

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Effect of water addition on auto-ignition of kerosene under afterburner relevant conditions 12

Effect of water addition on auto-ignition of kerosene under ...

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12th Asia-Pacific Conference on Combustion, ASPACC 2019

作者： Sun, Wuchuan Huang, Wenlin Qin, Xiaokang Zhang, Yingjia Huang, Zuohua State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China

Ignition delay times were measured for stoichiometric kerosene/air mixtures with and without H2O addition behind reflected shock conditions: pressures of 0.45 - 7.5 atm and temperatures of 900 - 1450 K. The effect of H2O addition on the reactivity of RP-3 was explored at various pressure and temperatures. The Arrhenius-type expressions were fitted by using the current ignition data. A four-component surrogate model of RP-3 was proposed based on similarity criterion of function group. The proposed model generally reproduces the tendency of pressure-dependence of ignition delay times but it over-predicts the experimental data at lower pressures. The addition of H2O presents different effects at elevated pressures. The kinetic analysis was performed to clarify the kinetic and thermodynamic effects. © Asia-Pacific Conference on Combustion, ASPACC *** right reserved.

关键词： Kerosene

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Light-Enhanced Thermochemical Production of Solar Fuels from Methane Via Nickel-Based Redox Cycle

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Liu, Mingkai Zhang, Jinrui Yang, Tianlong Rao, Qiong Gai, Zhongrui Zhao, Jianxiong Pan, Ying Su, Dong Jin, Hongguang Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University 710049 China Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China

Thermochemical methane reforming driven by solar energy is one of the efficient ways to store the renewable energy and to simultaneously reduce greenhouse gas emission. We report reaction reactivity of steam reforming of methane using nickel-based oxygen carrier driven by pure thermal heating and direct light irradiation in the same reactor. We find that the light-driven steam methane reforming system show improved conversion and reaction rate compared to that driven by pure thermal heating. We observed that illuminated NiO/NiAl2O4 achieved the same methane conversion rates and the H2 production rate comparable to those obtained on the same samples operated with only a thermal energy input, but at temperatures up to ~50 K lower. Based on in situ diffuse reflectance Infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTs) experiments, we postulate that light on the nickel oxide surface act to activate CH4 desorption and facilitate CHxO species evolution. By the combined effects of selection of chemical looping reactions and operation conditions, the solar-to-fuel efficiency of 16% was achieved. The results showcase the design of more energy-efficient chemical processes with a significant fraction of energy input provided in the form of direct sunlight irradiation as a potent pathway that can complement extremely high-temperature thermochemistry efforts in the quest for more efficient solar fuel production. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

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Influence of Different Equations of state on Simulation Results of Supercritical CO_(2) Centrifugal Compressor

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Mechanical engineering Science 2021年第2期3卷 25-33页

作者： Yueming YANG Bingkun MA Yongqing XIAO Jianhui QI Shandong Engineering Laboratory for High-efficiency Energy Conservation and Energy Storage Technology&Equipment School of Energy and Power EngineeringShandong UniversityJinanChina Beijing Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer for Low Grade Energy Utilization North China Electric Power UniversityBeijingChina

Supercritical CO_(2)(SCO_(2))Brayton cycle has received more and more attention in the field of power generation due to its high cycle efficiency and compact ***_(2) compressor is the core component of the cycle,and the improvement of its performance is the key to improving the efficiency of the entire ***,the operation of the SCO_(2) compressor near the critical point has brought many design and operation *** on the Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS)model,the performance and flow field of SCO_(2) centrifugal compressors based on different CO_(2) working fluid models are numerically investigated in this *** stability and convergence of the compressor steady-state simulation are also *** results show that the fluid based on the Span-Wanger(SW)equation can obtain a more ideal compressor performance curve and capture a more accurate flow field structure,while the CO_(2) ideal gas is not suitable for the calculation of SCO_(2) centrifugal *** its flow field can be used as the initial flow field for numerical calculation of centrifugal compressor based on CO_(2) real gas.

关键词： Supercritical CO_(2) Centrifugal compressor Near the critical point Compressor performance Real gas equation of state

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Experimental and numerical investigation on the flow and heat transfer characteristics of lead-bismuth eutectic through a helical single rod and four-rod bundle

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International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 2025年 251卷

作者： Dianqiang Jiang Yiwen Chen Dalin Zhang Kunfeng Li Jian Deng Qi Lu Xiaoli Wu Ting Zhang Wenxi Tian State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Energy and Technology School of Nuclear Science and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an 710049 China Nuclear Power Institute of China Science and Technology on Reactor System Design Technology Laboratory Chengdu 610213 China

The flow and heat transfer performance of nuclear fuel are critical factors influencing the safety and economic efficiency of nuclear reactor systems. This study investigates a novel helical fuel design for lead-bismuth eutectic-cooled reactors. Experiments are performed in three different test sections to evaluate flow resistance, convective heat transfer, transverse mixing, and flow distribution. key experimental parameters, including temperature, pressure drop, and volumetric flow rate, are measured. The results demonstrate that, at a constant Reynolds number ( Re ) and constant Péclet number ( Pe ), the inlet temperature has negligible influence on both the resistance coefficient and Nusselt number ( Nu ). The flow resistance correlation is found to be consistent across fuel rods similar to helical cruciform geometry. Besides, transverse mixing experiments in the four-rod test section demonstrate that transverse mixing efficiency across subchannels is influenced by experimental parameters. Moreover, flow distribution results indicate that the flow distribution ratio (average = 1.89) between inside and outside channels remains independent of Re in turbulent regions. These experiments provide a comprehensive dataset for validating numerical models. Based on these data, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations are performed. The predictions using the Realizable two-layer k − ε turbulence model show excellent agreement with experimental data.

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Robust DNA-Bridged Memristor for Textile Chips

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Angewandte Chemie 2020年第31期132卷 12862-12868页

作者： Xu X. Zhou X. Wang T. Shi X. Liu Y. Zuo Y. Xu L. Wang M. Hu X. Yang X. Chen J. Chen L. Chen P. Peng H. State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers Department of Macromolecular Science and Laboratory of Advanced Materials Fudan University Shanghai 200438 China State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System School of Microelectronics Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiao Tong University Shannxi 710049 China State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics Fudan University Shanghai 200438 China Department of Materials Science Fudan University Shanghai 200438 China

Electronic textiles may revolutionize many fields, such as communication, health care and artificial intelligence. To date, unfortunately, computing with them is not yet possible. Memristors are compatible with the interwoven structure and manufacturing process in textiles because of its two-terminal crossbar configuration. However, it remains a challenge to realize textile memristors owing to the difficulties in designing advanced memristive materials and achieving high-quality active layers on fiber electrodes. Herein we report a robust textile memristor based on an electrophoretic-deposited active layer of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) on fiber electrodes. The unique architecture and orientation of DNA molecules with the incorporation of Ag nanoparticles offer the best-in-class performances, e.g., both ultra-low operation voltage of 0.3 V and power consumption of 100 pW and high switching speed of 20 ns. Fundamental logic calculations such as implication and NAND are demonstrated as functions of textile chips, and it has been thus integrated with power-supplying and light emitting modules to demonstrate an all-fabric information processing system. © 2020 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim

关键词： DNA fiber electronics logic-in-memory computing memristors nanoparticles

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Phosphorus Flame Retardant Modified Aramid Nanofiber Separator for Advanced Safety Lithium-Sulfur Batteries

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Liu, Jianwei Zhu, Lei Wang, Jianan Chai, Qinqin Sun, Shiyi Chen, Xin Wang, Xue Zhang, Yating Yan, Wei College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xi’an University of Science and Technology Shaanxi Xi’an710054 China Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiao tong University Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China Xianggui Manganese Industry Co. Ltd. Shaanxi Province Ziyang County725300 China School of Physics and Electrical Engineering Weinan Normal University Shaanxi Weinan714099 China Xi'an Hantang Analysis & Test Co. Ltd Xi’an710201 China

Safety concerns have perennially impeded the large-scale implementation of high-energy-density storage systems. Nevertheless, because the intrinsic drawbacks of the commercial polyolefin separator are poor thermal stability and low flammability with a large thermal contribution, the development of an advanced separator that solves the above questions is imminent. In this work, gradient flame-retardant aramid nanofiber separators (T-PMIA) were synthesized by a single-step electrospinning method. The T-PMIA separator demonstrates excellent Li-ion diffusion and proficiently suppresses the "shuttle effect" through its plentiful multilevel beaded structure and robust anchoring of soluble polysulfides (Li2Sx), achieved by optimizing the functional groups P and -P-O. Moreover, the enhanced separator exhibits a rapid self-extinguishing feature (self-extinguishing time: 0.20 s) and impressive mechanical properties (tensile strength of up to 12.58 MPa and puncture force of 0.94 N). Accordingly, the T-PMIA separator still showed a stable cycling performance (maintain 901.7 mAg-1 after 100 cycles) even at high temperature (80 ℃). This simple separator strategy offers a highly competitive option for the large-scale production of high-safety lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries. This uncomplicated separator strategy presents a compelling solution for the large-scale production of high-safety lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Separators

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Experimental study of auto-ignition of dimethyl ether at low-temperatures and low-pressures 12

Experimental study of auto-ignition of dimethyl ether at low...

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12th Asia-Pacific Conference on Combustion, ASPACC 2019

作者： Huang, Wenlin Sun, Wuchuan Wu, Honghuan Qin, Xiaokang Jiang, Xue Zhang, Yingjia Huang, Zuohua State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China

Dimethyl ether (DME) is a property of alternative fuels to attract due to the special molecular structure in terms of either scientific study or engine application. However, the lack of fundamental data at low pressures and low temperatures impedes to understand thoroughly the chemistry of DME. Ignition delay times of DME/"air" mixtures with various equivalence ratios of 0.5 - 5.0 were measured in a shock tube at pressure of 3.0 atm over temperatures of 625 - 1200 K. Aramco Mech 2.0 was selected to reproduce the experimental observation. In general, the kinetic model remains an uncertainty in predicting the reactivity of DME at equivalence ratios below 2.0 but it tends much better at equivalence ratios over 3.0. Unlike the model predictions, the experimental data did not show obvious NTC behavior for the mixtures with equivalence ratios of 0.5 and 1.0. The selected model almost fails to capture the four-stage ignition feature for the mixtures with equivalence of 2.0 even considering the hot spot caused by pre-ignition energy release. © Asia-Pacific Conference on Combustion, ASPACC *** right reserved.

关键词： Ethers

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