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Biological Classification System Knowledge Graph and Semi-automatic Construction of Its Invertebrate Fossil Branches

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第6期35卷 2119-2128页

作者： Shaochun Dong Yukun Shi Yizao Ran Haijun Wu Yiying Deng Junxuan Fan Xinyu Dai School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material CyclingNanjing UniversityNanjing210046China Jiangsu Deep-Time Digital Earth Research Center for Excellence Suzhou215004China School of Computer Science Nanjing UniversityNanjing210046China School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefei230009China State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research Nanjing210046China National Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing210046China

Biological classification is the foundation of biology and paleontology,as it arranges all the organisms in a hierarchy that humans can easily follow and *** is further used to reconstruct the evolution of life.A biological classification system(BCS)that includes all the established fossil taxa would be both useful and challenging for uncovering the life *** fossil taxa were originally recorded in various published books and articles written by natural languages,the primary step is to organize all those taxa information in a manner that can be deciphered by a computer system.A Knowledge Graph(KG)is a formalized description framework of semantic knowledge,which represents and retrieves knowledge in a machine-understandable way,and therefore provides an eligible method to represent the *** this paper,a model of the BCS KG including the ontology and fact layers is *** put it into practice,the ontology layer of the invertebrate fossil branches was manually developed,while the fact layer was automatically constructed by extracting information from 46 volumes of the Treatise of Invertebrate Paleontology series with the help of natural language processing *** a result,27348 taxa nodes spanning fourteen taxonomic ranks were extracted with high accuracy and high efficiency,and the invertebrate fossil branches of the BCS KG was thus *** study demonstrates that a properly designed KG model and its automatic construction with the help of natural language processing are reliable and efficient.

关键词： biological classification system knowledge graph ontology invertebrate fossil big data

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The Reliability of OKRidge Method in Solving Sparse Ridge Regression Problems 38

The Reliability of OKRidge Method in Solving Sparse Ridge Re...

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38th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, NeurIPS 2024

作者： Li, Xiyuan Wang, Youjun Liu, Weiwei School of Computer Science Wuhan University National Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Software Wuhan University Institute of Artificial Intelligence Wuhan University Hubei Key Laboratory of Multimedia and Network Communication Engineering Wuhan University

Sparse ridge regression problems play a significant role across various domains. To solve sparse ridge regression, [1] recently proposes an advanced algorithm, Scalable Optimal K-Sparse Ridge Regression (OKRidge), which is both faster and more accurate than existing approaches. However, the absence of theoretical analysis on the error of OKRidge impedes its large-scale applications. In this paper, we reframe the estimation error of OKRidge as a Primary Optimization (PO) problem and employ the Convex Gaussian min-max theorem (CGMT) to simplify the PO problem into an Auxiliary Optimization (AO) problem. Subsequently, we provide a theoretical error analysis for OKRidge based on the AO problem. This error analysis improves the theoretical reliability of OKRidge. We also conduct experiments to verify our theorems and the results are in excellent agreement with our theoretical findings. © 2024 Neural information processing systems foundation. All rights reserved.

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A Boosting-Type Convergence Result for *** with Factorized Multi-Class Classifiers 38

A Boosting-Type Convergence Result for *** with Factorized M...

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38th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, NeurIPS 2024

作者： Zou, Xin Zhou, Zhengyu Xu, Jingyuan Liu, Weiwei School of Computer Science Wuhan University National Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Software Wuhan University Institute of Artificial Intelligence Wuhan University Hubei Key Laboratory of Multimedia and Network Communication Engineering Wuhan University

ADABOOST is a well-known algorithm in boosting. Schapire and Singer propose, an extension of ADABOOST, named ***, for multi-class classification problems. Kégl shows empirically that *** works better when the classical one-against-all base classifiers are replaced by factorized base classifiers containing a binary classifier and a vote (or code) vector. However, the factorization makes it much more difficult to provide a convergence result for the factorized version of ***. Then, Kégl raises an open problem in COLT 2014 to look for a convergence result for the factorized ***. In this work, we resolve this open problem by presenting a convergence result for *** with factorized multi-class classifiers. © 2024 Neural information processing systems foundation. All rights reserved.

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Improving Acoustic Echo Cancellation by Mixing Speech Local and Global Features with Transformer 48

Improving Acoustic Echo Cancellation by Mixing Speech Local ...

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48th IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2023

作者： Liu, Yajie Xu, Xinmeng Tu, Weiping Yang, Yuhong Xiao, Li Wuhan University National Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Software School of Computer Science China Wuhan University Hubei Key Laboratory of Multimedia and Network Communication Engineering China

ISBN: (纸本)9781728163277

We propose MiT-Net, a novel mix-transformer neural network with a pyramid encoder operating in the time domain, for the task of acoustic echo cancellation. The MiT-Net formulates acoustic echo cancellation as a supervised speech separation problem, in which near-end speech is separated from a single microphone recording and sent to the far end, and consists of two key components. First, we apply a pyramid encoder, which adopts the coarse-to-fine structure, to extract the latent correlations between double-end signals and to fuse them in a multiscale manner. Second, we propose a mix-transformer, a combination of local and global attention in a parallel way, to leverage local and global speech information for separation. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms recent AEC methods in terms of objective evaluation metrics. In addition, exploring the correlation between speech local and global features by using the mix-transformer significantly improves the system performance and shows more robustness than the conventional transformer. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Signal encoding

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Predicting the Unseen: A Novel Dataset for Hidden Intention Localization in Pre-abnormal Analysis 24

Predicting the Unseen: A Novel Dataset for Hidden Intention ...

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32nd ACM International Conference on Multimedia, MM 2024

作者： Qi, Zehao Zhang, Ruixu Hu, Xinyi Liu, Wenxuan Wang, Zheng National Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Software Institute of Artificial Intelligence Wuhan University Hubei Key Laboratory of Multimedia and Network Communication Engineering School of Computer Science Wuhan China School of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400706868

Our paper introduces a novel video dataset specifically for Temporal Intention Localization (TIL), aimed at identifying hidden abnormal intention in densely populated and complex environments. Traditional Temporal Action Localization (TAL) frameworks, focusing on overt actions within constrained temporal intervals, often miss subtle pre-abnormal actions that unfold over extended periods. Our dataset comprises 228 videos with 5790 clips, each annotated to capture fine-grained actions within ambiguous temporal boundaries using the Joint-Linear-Assignment methodology. This approach enables detailed analysis of the evolution of abnormal intention over time. To detect subtle, hidden intention, we developed the Intention-Action Fusion module, an creative approach integrating dynamic feature fusion across 11 behavioral subcategories, significantly enhancing the model's ability to discern nuanced intention. This enhancement has led to performance improvements of up to 139% in specific scenarios, dramatically boosting the model's sensitivity and interpretability, crucial for advancing proactive surveillance systems. By pushing the boundaries of technology, our dataset and methodologies foster proactive surveillance systems capable of preemptively identifying potential threats from nuanced behavioral patterns, encouraging further exploration into the complexities of intention beyond observable actions. The dataset is available at https://***/Zzz99999/Hidden-Abnormal-Intention. © 2024 ACM.

关键词： Security systems

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Detecting Double Mixed Compressed Images Based on Quaternion Convolutional Neural network

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第3期33卷 657-671页

作者： Hao WANG Jinwei WANG Xuelong HU Bingtao HU Qilin YIN Xiangyang LUO Bin MA Jinsheng SUN Department of Automation Nanjing University of Science and Technology Engineering Research Center of Digital Forensics Ministry of Education Department of Computer and Software Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology School of Management Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Department of Computer Science and Engineering Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Information Security Technology Sun Yat-sen University State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing Qilu University of Technology

Detection of color images that have undergone double compression is a critical aspect of digital image *** the existence of various methods capable of detecting double Joint Photographic Experts Group(JPEG) compression,they are unable to address the issue of mixed double compression resulting from the use of different compression *** particular,the implementation of Joint Photographic Experts Group 2000(JPEG2000)as the secondary compression standard can result in a decline or complete loss of performance in existing *** tackle this challenge of JPEG+JPEG2000 compression,a detection method based on quaternion convolutional neural networks(QCNN) is *** QCNN processes the data as a quaternion,transforming the components of a traditional convolutional neural network(CNN) into a quaternion *** relationships between the color channels of the image are preserved,and the utilization of color information is ***,the method includes a feature conversion module that converts the extracted features into quaternion statistical features,thereby amplifying the evidence of double *** results indicate that the proposed QCNN-based method improves,on average,by 27% compared to existing methods in the detection of JPEG+JPEG2000 compression.

关键词： Color image forensics JPEG JPEG2000 Mixed double compression Quaternion convolutional neural network

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Security and Privacy in Solar Insecticidal Lamps Internet of Things:Requirements and Challenges

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第1期11卷 58-73页

作者： Qingsong Zhao Lei Shu Kailiang Li Mohamed Amine Ferrag Ximeng Liu Yanbin Li the College of Artificial Intelligence Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210031 the State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023 the State Key Laboratory of Cryptology Beijing 100878China IEEE the School of Engineering University of LincolnLincoln LN67TSUK the Artificial Intelligence and Digital Science Research Center Technology Innovation InstituteMasdar City 9639UAE the College of Computer and Data Science Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108China

Solar insecticidal lamps(SIL) can effectively control pests and reduce the use of pesticides. Combining SIL and Internet of Things(IoT) has formed a new type of agricultural IoT,known as SIL-IoT, which can improve the effectiveness of migratory phototropic pest control. However, since the SIL is connected to the Internet, it is vulnerable to various security *** issues can lead to serious consequences, such as tampering with the parameters of SIL, illegally starting and stopping SIL,etc. In this paper, we describe the overall security requirements of SIL-IoT and present an extensive survey of security and privacy solutions for SIL-IoT. We investigate the background and logical architecture of SIL-IoT, discuss SIL-IoT security scenarios, and analyze potential attacks. Starting from the security requirements of SIL-IoT we divide them into six categories, namely privacy, authentication, confidentiality, access control, availability,and integrity. Next, we describe the SIL-IoT privacy and security solutions, as well as the blockchain-based solutions. Based on the current survey, we finally discuss the challenges and future research directions of SIL-IoT.

关键词： Challenges Internet of Things(IoT) privacy and security security requirements solar insecticidal lamps(SIL)

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Learning from Imperfect Data: Towards Efficient Knowledge Distillation of Autoregressive Language Models for Text-to-SQL

Learning from Imperfect Data: Towards Efficient Knowledge Di...

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2024 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, EMNLP 2024

作者： Zhong, Qihuang Chen, Kunfeng Ding, Liang Liu, Juhua Du, Bo Tao, Dacheng School of Computer Science National Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Software Institute of Artificial Intelligence Hubei Key Laboratory of Multimedia and Network Communication Engineering Wuhan University China The University of Sydney Australia Nanyang Technological University Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9798891761681

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promising performance in text-to-SQL, which involves translating natural language questions into SQL queries. However, current text-to-SQL LLMs are computationally expensive and challenging to deploy in real-world applications, highlighting the importance of compressing them. To achieve this goal, knowledge distillation (KD) is a common approach, which aims to distill the larger teacher model into a smaller student model. While numerous KD methods for autoregressive LLMs have emerged recently, it is still under-explored whether they work well in complex text-to-SQL scenarios. To this end, we conduct a series of analyses and reveal that these KD methods generally fall short in balancing performance and efficiency. In response to this problem, we propose to improve the KD with Imperfect Data, namely KID, which effectively boosts the performance without introducing much training budget. The core of KID is to efficiently mitigate the training-inference mismatch by simulating the cascading effect1 of inference in the imperfect training data. Extensive experiments on 5 text-to-SQL benchmarks show that, KID can not only achieve consistent and significant performance gains (up to +5.83% average score) across all model types and sizes, but also effectively improve the training efficiency. © 2024 Association for Computational Linguistics.

关键词： Budget control

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Parameter Disparities Dissection for Backdoor Defense in Heterogeneous Federated Learning 38

Parameter Disparities Dissection for Backdoor Defense in Het...

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38th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, NeurIPS 2024

作者： Huang, Wenke Ye, Mang Shi, Zekun Wan, Guancheng Li, He Du, Bo National Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Software Institute of Artificial Intelligence Hubei Key Laboratory of Multimedia and Network Communication Engineering School of Computer Science Wuhan University Wuhan China Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan China

Backdoor attacks pose a serious threat to federated systems, where malicious clients optimize on the triggered distribution to mislead the global model towards a predefined target. Existing backdoor defense methods typically require either homogeneous assumption, validation datasets, or client optimization conflicts. In our work, we observe that benign heterogeneous distributions and malicious triggered distributions exhibit distinct parameter importance degrees. We introduce the Fisher Discrepancy Cluster and Rescale (FDCR) method, which utilizes Fisher Information to calculate the degree of parameter importance for local distributions. This allows us to reweight client parameter updates and identify those with large discrepancies as backdoor attackers. Furthermore, we prioritize rescaling important parameters to expedite adaptation to the target distribution, encouraging significant elements to contribute more while diminishing the influence of trivial ones. This approach enables FDCR to handle backdoor attacks in heterogeneous federated learning environments. Empirical results on various heterogeneous federated scenarios under backdoor attacks demonstrate the effectiveness of our method. © 2024 Neural information processing systems foundation. All rights reserved.

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FedSSP: Federated Graph Learning with Spectral Knowledge and Personalized Preference 38

FedSSP: Federated Graph Learning with Spectral Knowledge and...

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38th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, NeurIPS 2024

作者： Tan, Zihan Wan, Guancheng Huang, Wenke Ye, Mang National Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Software Institute of Artificial Intelligence Hubei Key Laboratory of Multimedia and Network Communication Engineering School of Computer Science Wuhan University Wuhan China Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan China

Personalized Federated Graph Learning (pFGL) facilitates the decentralized training of Graph Neural networks (GNNs) without compromising privacy while accommodating personalized requirements for non-IID participants. In cross-domain scenarios, structural heterogeneity poses significant challenges for pFGL. Nevertheless, previous pFGL methods incorrectly share non-generic knowledge globally and fail to tailor personalized solutions locally under domain structural shift. We innovatively reveal that the spectral nature of graphs can well reflect inherent domain structural shifts. Correspondingly, our method overcomes it by sharing generic spectral knowledge. Moreover, we indicate the biased message-passing schemes for graph structures and propose the personalized preference module. Combining both strategies, we propose our pFGL framework FedSSP which Shares generic Spectral knowledge while satisfying graph Preferences. Furthermore, We perform extensive experiments on cross-dataset and cross-domain settings to demonstrate the superiority of our framework. The code is available at https://***/OakleyTan/FedSSP. © 2024 Neural information processing systems foundation. All rights reserved.

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