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Service-Oriented Resource Allocation in Clouds： Pursuing Flexibility and Efficiency

Journal of computer science & technology 2015年第2期30卷 421-436页

作者：张胜钱柱中吴杰陆桑璐 State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China Department of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China Department of Computer and Information Sciences Temple University Philadelphia PA 19122 U.S.A

The networking-oblivious resource reservation model in today＇s public clouds cannot guarantee the performance of tenants＇ applications. Virtual networks that capture both computing and networking resource requirements of tenants have been proposed as better interfaces between cloud providers and tenants. In this paper, we propose a novel virtual network model that could specify not only absolute and relative location requirements but also time-varying resource demands. Building on top of our model, we study how to efficiently and flexibly place multiple virtual networks in a cloud, and we propose two algorithms, MIPA and SAPA, which focus on optimizing resource utilization and providing flexible placement, respectively. The mixed integer programming based MIPA transforms the placement problem into the multi-commodity flow problem through augmenting the physical network with shadow nodes and links. The simulated annealing-based SAPA achieves resource utilization efficiency through opportunistically sharing physical resources among multiple resource demands. Besides, SAPA allows cloud providers to control the trade-offs between performance guarantee and resource utilization, and between allocation optimality and running time, and allows tenants to control the trade-off between application performance and placement cost. Extensive simulation results confirm the efficiency of MIPA in resource utilization and the flexibility of SAPA in controlling trade-offs.

关键词： resource allocation virtual network embedding opportunistic resource sharing

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Modeling and Analyzing Cost and Utilization Based Task Scheduling for Cloud Application

Modeling and Analyzing Cost and Utilization Based Task Sched...

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IEEE Annual International computer software and Applications Conference (COMPSAC)

作者： Guisheng Fan Huiqun Yu Liqiong Chen Dongmei Liu Shanghai Key Laboratory of Computer Software Evaluating and Testing Shanghai China Department of Computer Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Shanghai Institute of Technology Shanghai China

Cloud computing has attracted much interest recently from both industry and academic. However, it is difficult to model and analyze cost and utilization based task scheduling due to complex and heterogeneous environment in cloud computing. In this paper, we propose the systematic approach to modeling and analyzing cost and utilization based task scheduling for cloud application. A Game theory based task scheduling scheme is proposed based on analyzing the factors affecting the cost and utilization of virtual machine. Then a formal description language is presented to model the different components of cloud application. The backward induction game algorithm is proposed to ensure that cloud application can dynamically meet the customers' request while improving the utilization of virtual machine. The operational semantics and related theories of Petri nets help establish the correctness of our proposed method. Finally, a series of simulations are performed to evaluate the efficiency of our proposed approach.

关键词： Virtual machining Cloud computing Processor scheduling Computational modeling Analytical models Job shop scheduling

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A new authentication protocol for healthcare applications using wireless medical sensor networks with user anonymity

A new authentication protocol for healthcare applications us...

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作者： Li, Xiong Niu, Jianwei Kumari, Saru Liao, Junguo Liang, Wei Khan, Muhammad Khurram State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment School of Computer Science and Engineering Beihang University Beijing100191 China School of Computer Science and Engineering Hunan University of Science and Technology Xiangtan411201 China Department of Mathematics Agra College Dr. B. R. A. University AgraUttar Pradesh282002 India Center of Excellence in Information Assurance King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia

With the development and maturation of the wireless communication technologies, the wireless sensor networks have been widely applied in different environments to acquire specific information. The wireless medical sensor networks (WMSNs), as a professional application of the wireless sensor networks in medicine, have attracted more and more attention because of its potential in improving the quality of healthcare services. Through the WMSNs, the parameters of patients' vital signs can be gathered from the sensor nodes equipped on the body of the patients and then can be accessed by the healthcare professionals by using a mobile device. By reason of the open feature of wireless communication, how to guarantee secure communication becomes an important issue. On the other hand, because the vital signs parameters are sensitive to the patients' health status and no one wants to reveal it to the others except the healthcare professionals, the protection of patients' privacy becomes another key issue for WMSNs applications. User authentication protocol with anonymity is the most basic and commonly used method to resolve the security and privacy issues of WMSNs. Recently, He et al. proposed an enhanced authentication protocol for healthcare applications using WMSNs to protect the security and privacy problems. However, we find that their scheme is incorrect in authentication and session key agreement phase. Besides, their scheme has no wrong password detection mechanism, which will not only waste the unnecessary computation and communication costs, but also may deduce the denial of service problem. In this paper, the biometric is introduced as the third authentication factor, and a new user anonymous authentication protocol based on WMSNs is designed so as to remove the drawbacks of the protocol of He et al. Compared with previous protocols, the new presented protocol enhances the security and also keeps the computation efficiency. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C

关键词： Authentication

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TextLogger: Inferring longer inputs on touch screen using motion sensors 15

TextLogger: Inferring longer inputs on touch screen using mo...

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8th ACM Conference on Security and Privacy in Wireless and Mobile Networks, WiSec 2015

作者： Ping, Dan Sun, Xin Mao, Bing State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Department of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing University China

ISBN: (纸本)9781450336239

Today's smartphones are equipped with precise motion sensors like accelerometer and gyroscope, which can measure tiny motion and rotation of devices. While they make mobile applications more functional, they also bring risks of leaking users' privacy. Researchers have found that tap locations on screen can be roughly inferred from motion data of the device. They mostly utilized this side-channel for inferring short input like PIN numbers and passwords, with repeated attempts to boost accuracy. In this work, we study further for longer input inference, such as chat record and email content, anything a user ever typed on a soft keyboard. Since people increasingly rely on smartphones for daily activities, their inputs directly or indirectly expose privacy about them. Thus, it is a serious threat if their input text is leaked. To make our attack practical, we utilize the shared memory side-channel for detecting window events and tap events of a soft keyboard. The up or down state of the keyboard helps triggering our Trojan service for collecting accelerometer and gyroscope data. Machine learning algorithms are used to roughly predict the input text from the raw data and language models are used to further correct the wrong predictions. We performed experiments on two real-life scenarios, which were writing emails and posting Twitter messages, both through mobile clients. Based on the experiments, we show the feasibility of inferring long user inputs to readable sentences from motion sensor data. By applying text mining technology on the inferred text, more sensitive information about the device owners can be exposed. Copyright 2015 ACM.

关键词： side-channel attacks edit distance model shared memory side-channel machine learning language model smartphone security keystroke inference using motion sensors

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A separability-entanglement classifier via machine learning

arXiv

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arXiv 2017年

作者： Lu, Sirui Huang, Shilin Li, Keren Li, Jun Chen, Jianxin Lu, Dawei Ji, Zhengfeng Shen, Yi Zhou, Duanlu Zeng, Bei Department of Physics Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Institute for Quantum Computing University of Waterloo WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Beijing Computational Science Research Center Beijing100193 China Department of Mathematics & Statistics University of Guelph GuelphONN1G 2W1 Canada Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science University of Maryland College ParkMD United States Department of Physics Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China Centre for Quantum Computation & Intelligent Systems School of Software Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology University of Technology Sydney Sydney Australia State Key Laboratory of Computer Science Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science University of Waterloo WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China

The problem of determining whether a given quantum state is entangled lies at the heart of quantum information processing, which is known to be an NP-hard problem in general. Despite the proposed many methods such as the positive partial transpose (PPT) criterion and the k-symmetric extendibility criterion to tackle this problem in practice, none of them enables a general, effective solution to the problem even for small dimensions. Explicitly, separable states form a high-dimensional convex set, which exhibits a vastly complicated structure. In this work, we build a new separability-entanglement classifier underpinned by machine learning techniques. Our method outperforms the existing methods in generic cases in terms of both speed and accuracy, opening up the avenues to explore quantum entanglement via the machine learning approach. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Quantum entanglement

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Facilitating reusable and scalable automated testing and analysis for android apps 15

Facilitating reusable and scalable automated testing and ana...

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7th Asia-Pacific Symposium on Internetware, Internetware 2015

作者： Meng, Zhanshuai Jiang, Yanyan Xu, Chang State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Department of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing University China

ISBN: (纸本)9781450336413

Mobile apps are prevalent in everyone's daily life. However, apps are oftentimes defective, undermining their convenience, and therefore automated testing and analysis of apps are developed to enhance apps' quality. As these advanced technologies become increasingly effective and complicated, prototyping such a tool also becomes a challenge. To facilitate easy development of high-quality testing and analysis tools that work with real-world apps, we in this paper present the design and implementation of ATT (Android Testing Toolkit), for crafting reusable and scalable testing and analysis on Android apps. ATT consists of integrated tools and APIs for event generation, profiling and program instrumentation, and can be distributed over cloud platforms for scalable testing and analysis. We qualitatively evaluated the applicability of ATT by demonstrating implementation of a series of existing and enhanced work (RERAN, Monkey+ and UGA) upon ATT, and quantitatively studied the scalability of parallelized UGA on a cloud platform with five real-world apps. We believe that our ATT tool would facilitate development of more advanced testing and analysis approaches for Android apps. © 2015 ACM.

关键词： Quality control

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Quantum state Tomography via Reduced Density Matrices

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Physical Review Letters 2017年第2期118卷 020401-020401页

作者： Tao Xin Dawei Lu Joel Klassen Nengkun Yu Zhengfeng Ji Jianxin Chen Xian Ma Guilu Long Bei Zeng Raymond Laflamme State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Institute for Quantum Computing University of Waterloo Waterloo Ontario N2L 3G1 Canada Department of Physics University of Guelph Guelph N1G 2W1 Ontario Canada Centre for Quantum Computation and Intelligent Systems Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology University of Technology Sydney New South Wales 2007 Australia Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of Guelph Guelph N1G 2W1 Ontario Canada State Key Laboratory of Computer Science Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences 100190 Beijing China Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science University of Maryland College Park Maryland USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Waterloo Waterloo Ontario N2L 3G1 Canada Canadian Institute for Advanced Research Toronto M5G 1Z8 Ontario Canada Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics Waterloo Ontario N2L 2Y5 Canada

Quantum state tomography via local measurements is an efficient tool for characterizing quantum states. However, it requires that the original global state be uniquely determined (UD) by its local reduced density matrices (RDMs). In this work, we demonstrate for the first time a class of states that are UD by their RDMs under the assumption that the global state is pure, but fail to be UD in the absence of that assumption. This discovery allows us to classify quantum states according to their UD properties, with the requirement that each class be treated distinctly in the practice of simplifying quantum state tomography. Additionally, we experimentally test the feasibility and stability of performing quantum state tomography via the measurement of local RDMs for each class. These theoretical and experimental results demonstrate the advantages and possible pitfalls of quantum state tomography with local measurements.

关键词： Quantum entanglement Quantum information processing Quantum tomography Random matrix theory

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A hierarchical image matting model for blood vessel segmentation in fundus images

arXiv

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arXiv 2017年

作者： Fan, Zhun Lu, Jiewei Li, Wenji Wei, Caimin Huang, Han Cai, Xinye Chen, Xinjian Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Signal and Image Processing College of Engineering Shantou University Shan'tou515063 China Department of Mathematics Shantou University Shan'tou515063 China School of Software Engineering South China University of Technology Guang'zhou510006 China College of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Jiang'su210016 China Medical Image Processing and Analysis Lab School of Electronics and Information Engineering Soochow University Su'zhou215006 China

In this paper, a hierarchical image matting model is proposed to extract blood vessels from fundus images. More specifically, a hierarchical strategy utilizing the continuity and extendibility of retinal blood vessels is integrated into the image matting model for blood vessel segmentation. Normally the matting models require the user specified trimap, which separates the input image into three regions manually: the foreground, background and unknown regions. However, since creating a user specified trimap is a tedious and time-consuming task, region features of blood vessels are used to generate the trimap automatically in this paper. The proposed model has low computational complexity and outperforms many other state-of-art supervised and unsupervised methods in terms of accuracy, which achieves a vessel segmentation accuracy of 96.0%, 95.7% and 95.1% in an average time of 10.72s, 15.74s and 50.71s on images from three publicly available fundus image datasets DRIVE, STARE, and CHASE_DB1, respectively. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Blood vessels

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Analysis of key technologies and development of integrated digital processing system for cast blasting design

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Journal of Central South University 2015年第3期22卷 1037-1044页

作者：丁小华李克民肖双双狐为民 School of Mines China University of Mining & Technology State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining (CUMT) Department of Computer North China Institute Science of Technology

Casting blast can greatly reduce the stripping cost and improve the production capacity of opencast coal mines. key technologies including high bench blasting, inclined hole, millisecond blasting, pre-splitting blasting and casting blast parameters determination which have influence on the effect of casting blast have been researched with the combination of the ballistic theory and experience in mines. The integrated digital processing system of casting blast was developed in order to simplify the design process of casting blast, improve working efficiency and veracity of design result and comprehensively adopt the software programming method and the theory of casting blast. This system has achieved five functions, namely, the 3D visualization graphics management, the intelligent management of geological information, the intelligent design of casting blast, the analysis and prediction of the blasting effect and the automatic output of the design results. Long-term application in opencast coal mines has shown that research results can not only reduce the specific explosive consumption and improve the blasting effect, but also have high value of popularization and application.

关键词： opencast coal mine cast blasting key technology digital processing system

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Optimal stochastic strongly convex optimization with a logarithmic number of projections 32

Optimal stochastic strongly convex optimization with a logar...

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32nd Conference on Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence 2016, UAI 2016

作者： Chen, Jianhui Yang, Tianbao Lin, Qihang Zhang, Lijun Chang, Yi Yahoo Research SunnyvaleCA94089 United States Department of Computer Science University of Iowa Iowa CityIA52242 United States Department of Management Sciences University of Iowa Iowa CityIA52242 United States Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University Nanjing210023 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510827806

We consider stochastic strongly convex optimization with a complex inequality constraint. This complex inequality constraint may lead to computationally expensive projections in algorithmic iterations of the stochastic gradient descent (SGD) methods. To reduce the computation costs pertaining to the projections, we propose an Epoch-Projection Stochastic Gradient Descent (Epro-SGD) method. The proposed Epro-SGD method consists of a sequence of epochs;it applies SGD to an augmented objective function at each iteration within the epoch, and then performs a projection at the end of each epoch. Given a strongly convex optimization and for a total number of T iterations, Epro-SGD requires only log(T) projections, and meanwhile attains an optimal convergence rate of O(1/T ), both in expectation and with a high probability. To exploit the structure of the optimization problem, we propose a proximal variant of Epro-SGD, namely Epro-ORDA, based on the optimal regularized dual averaging method. We apply the proposed methods on real-world applications;the empirical results demonstrate the effectiveness of our methods.

关键词： Convex optimization

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