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arXiv 2024年

作者： Xie, Moyang Zhang, Yuan Zhong, Sheng Li, Qun State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University Nanjing China Department of Computer Science William & Mary WilliamsburgVA United States

Quantum annealers offer a promising approach to solve Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) problems, which have a wide range of applications. However, when a user submits its QUBO problem to a third-party quantum annealer, the problem itself may disclose the user's private information to the quantum annealing service provider. To mitigate this risk, we introduce a privacy-preserving QUBO framework and propose a novel solution method. Our approach employs a combination of digit-wise splitting and matrix permutation to obfuscate the QUBO problem's model matrix Q, effectively concealing the matrix elements. In addition, based on the solution to the obfuscated version of the QUBO problem, we can reconstruct the solution to the original problem with high accuracy. Theoretical analysis and empirical tests confirm the efficacy and efficiency of our proposed technique, demonstrating its potential for preserving user privacy in quantum annealing services. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Differential privacy

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Why and How Bug Blocking Relations are Breakable: An Empirical Study on Breakable Blocking Bugs

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Ren, Hao Li, Yanhui Chen, Lin Zhou, Yuming Nie, Changhai State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University 210023 China Department of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing University 210023 China

Context: Blocking bugs prevents other bugs from being fixed, which is difficult to repair and negatively impacts software quality. During software maintenance, developers usually try to break the blocking relationship between blocking and blocked bugs, e.g., propose a temporary ***: However, to our knowledge, no studies have investigated why and how blocking relations between bugs are breakable. In this study, we aim to construct an empirical analysis to explore breakable blocking bugs (BBBs).Method: Specifically, we employ quantitative and qualitative analysis to study these BBBs from two aspects. One is to investigate the characteristics of these bugs, and the other is to explore why and how developers break the blocking relationship between bugs during software maintenance. We build a dataset on five large-scale open-source projects and classify bugs into three types (BBBs, normal blocking bugs, and other bugs) to compare the differences between BBBs and other types of ***: We observe that BBBs are more urgent with the longer fix time and involve more complex source code than other bugs. Moreover, we summarize four reasons blocking relationships between bugs are broken and three approaches developers adopt to break these blocking ***: Through these analyses, it is meaningful for software maintainers to have a deeper understanding of the characteristics and repair practices of BBBs, which will help solve these BBBs effectively in the future. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Open source software

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Question Selection for Multi-Modal Code Search Synthesis using Probabilistic Version Spaces

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IEEE Transactions on software Engineering 2025年

作者： Wu, Jiarong Jiang, Yanyan Wei, Lili Xu, Congying Cheung, Shing-Chi Xu, Chang The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Hong Kong McGill University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Montreal Canada Nanjing University State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Department of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing China

Searching the occurrences of specific code patterns (code search) is a common task in software engineering, and programming by example (PBE) techniques have been applied to ease customizing code patterns. However, previous PBE tools only synthesize programs meeting the input-output examples, which may not always align with the user intent. To bridge this gap, this paper proposes Excalibur, a multi-modal (example and natural language description) and interactive synthesizer for code search. Excalibur ensures that the generated programs are correct for the provided examples (soundness) and include the user-intended program (bounded completeness). Furthermore, Excalibur helps the user identify the user-intended program through question-answer interaction. To minimize the required interaction efforts, question selection is crucial. To improve question selection for code search, we propose probabilistic version spaces (ProbVS), in which the user-intended program’s probability is high and others are low. ProbVS combines traditional version spaces for compactly representing extensive programs and large language models (on the user-provided natural language description) for adjusting programs’ probabilities to align with users’ intents. Extensive experiments on a benchmark of 44 tasks demonstrated the effectiveness of Excalibur and ProbVS and demystified how ProbVS affects probability distributions and how the configurable parameters affect ProbVS. © 1976-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Normal distribution

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E²GO: Free Your Hands for Smartphone Interaction

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International Journal of Human-computer Interaction 2025年

作者： Yan, Shaoming Ju, Yuanliang Quan, Rong Tu, Huawei Liang, Dong MIIT Key Laboratory of Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence Collaborative Innovation Center of Novel Software Technology and Industrialization College of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing China Department of Computer Science and Information Technology La Trobe University Melbourne Australia

Current eye-gaze interaction technologies for smartphones are considered inflexible, inaccurate, and power-hungry. These methods typically rely on hand involvement and accomplish partial interactions. In this paper, we propose a novel eye-gaze smartphone interaction method named Event-driven Eye-Gaze Operation ((Formula presented.)), which can realize comprehensive interaction using only eyes and gazes to cover various interaction types. Before the interaction, an anti-jitter gaze estimation method was exploited to stabilize human eye fixation and predict accurate and stable human gaze positions on smartphone screens to further explore refined time-dependent eye-gaze interactions. We also integrated an event-triggering mechanism in (Formula presented.) to significantly decrease its power consumption to deploy on smartphones. We have implemented the prototype of (Formula presented.) on different brands of smartphones and conducted a comprehensive user study to validate its efficacy, demonstrating (Formula presented.) ‘s superior smartphone control capabilities across various scenarios. Demo videos. © 2025 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

关键词： Smartphones

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STSD: Modeling Spatial Temporal Staticity and Dynamicity in Traffic Forecasting

STSD: Modeling Spatial Temporal Staticity and Dynamicity in ...

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IEEE International Conference on Data Mining (ICDM)

作者： Guanghui Zhu Haojun Hou Peiliang Wang Chunfeng Yuan Yihua Huang State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University Nanjing China Department of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing University Nanjing China

As one of the typical tasks of spatial temporal forecasting, traffic prediction has attracted extensive research attention in recent studies. Recent works usually combine time series modeling methods and graph neural networks to capture the temporal dynamic trends and spatial static dependencies together. However, we find that the temporal static characteristic and spatial dynamic correlations do also exist in the traffic flow, which are neglected or partially considered in previous methods. To capture such characteristics, we propose a novel method for traffic prediction, which models the Spatial Temporal Staticity and Dynamicity (STSD) together. Specifically, besides the traditional spatial and temporal encoder, we propose a pre-training module based on self-supervised contrastive learning to learn the location representation and thus capture the temporal static characteristic. Then, we propose a flow-aware dynamic graph learning module to capture the spatial dynamic correlations. Besides, to correct the original graph built from node distance, a feature reconstruction-based static graph learning module is introduced. The original, static, and dynamic graph are combined together in STSD to model the spatial staticity and dynamicity. Extensive experimental results on real-world datasets reveal that STSD can outperform existing traffic forecasting methods.

关键词：

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AutoAC: Towards Automated Attribute Completion for Heterogeneous Graph Neural Network

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Zhu, Guanghui Zhu, Zhennan Wang, Wenjie Xu, Zhuoer Yuan, Chunfeng Huang, Yihua State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University Nanjing China Department of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing University Nanjing China

Many real-world data can be modeled as heterogeneous graphs that contain multiple types of nodes and edges. Meanwhile, due to excellent performance, heterogeneous graph neural networks (GNNs) have received more and more attention. However, the existing work mainly focuses on the design of novel GNN models, while ignoring another important issue that also has a large impact on the model performance, namely the missing attributes of some node types. The handcrafted attribute completion requires huge expert experience and domain knowledge. Also, considering the differences in semantic characteristics between nodes, the attribute completion should be fine-grained, i.e., the attribute completion operation should be node-specific. Moreover, to improve the performance of the downstream graph learning task, attribute completion and the training of the heterogeneous GNN should be jointly optimized rather than viewed as two separate processes. To address the above challenges, we propose a differentiable attribute completion framework called AutoAC for automated completion operation search in heterogeneous GNNs. We first propose an expressive completion operation search space, including topology-dependent and topology-independent completion operations. Then, we propose a continuous relaxation schema and further propose a differentiable completion algorithm where the completion operation search is formulated as a bi-level joint optimization problem. To improve the search efficiency, we leverage two optimization techniques: discrete constraints and auxiliary unsupervised graph node clustering. Extensive experimental results on real-world datasets reveal that AutoAC outperforms the SOTA handcrafted heterogeneous GNNs and the existing attribute completion method. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Graph neural networks

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3D Gaussian Splatting: Survey, Technologies, Challenges, and Opportunities

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IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video technology 2025年

作者： Bao, Yanqi Ding, Tianyu Huo, Jing Liu, Yaoli Li, Yuxin Li, Wenbin Gao, Yang Luo, Jiebo Nanjing University State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology 210023 China Microsoft Corporation Applied Sciences Group Redmond United States University of Rochester Department of Computer Science United States

3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) has emerged as a prominent technique with the potential to become a mainstream method for 3D representations. It can effectively transform multi-view images into explicit 3D Gaussian through efficient training, and achieve real-time rendering of novel views. This survey aims to analyze existing 3DGS-related works from multiple intersecting perspectives, including related tasks, technologies, challenges, and opportunities. The primary objective is to provide newcomers with a rapid understanding of the field and to assist researchers in methodically organizing existing technologies and challenges. Specifically, we delve into the optimization, application, and extension of 3DGS, categorizing them based on their focuses or motivations. Additionally, we summarize and classify nine types of technical modules and corresponding improvements identified in existing works. Based on these analyses, we further examine the common challenges and technologies across various tasks, proposing potential research opportunities. © 1991-2012 IEEE.

关键词： 3D modeling

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Knowledge Concept Recommendation Model for MOOCs with Local Sub-graph Embedding

Knowledge Concept Recommendation Model for MOOCs with Local ...

引用

2022 International Conference on Automation, Robotics and computer Engineering, ICARCE 2022

作者： Ju, Chengcheng Zhu, Yi Wang, Chenyu Jiangsu Normal University Department of Computer Science and Technology Xuzhou China Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Laboratory of Safety-Critical Software Nanjing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665475488

Massive open online courses (MOOCs) play a crucial role in modern education by providing users with largescale open online learning platforms. Substantial research has been conducted to reduce user learning blindness and improve user experience, particularly in personalized course recommendations based on graph neural networks. However, these efforts have focused primarily on fixed or homogeneous graphs, are vulnerable to data sparsity problems, and are difficult to scale. This study proposes to overcome this limitation using graph convolution on local subgraphs combined with an extended matrix factorization model. First, the proposed method decomposes the heterogeneous graph into multiple meta-path-based subgraphs and combines random wandering sampling methods to capture complex semantic relationships between entities while sampling nodes' influence-rich neighborhoods. Next, the attention mechanism adaptively fuses the contextual information of different subgraphs for a more comprehensive construction of user preferences. Experiments on publicly available MOOCs datasets reveal that the proposed model outperforms other benchmark models and is highly scalable while alleviating the data sparsity problem. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Convolution

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Mathematical modeling of mixed convective MHD Falkner-Skan squeezed Sutterby multiphase flow with non-Fourier heat flux theory and porosity

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2023年第11期44卷 2005-2018页

作者： Shuguang LI M.I.KHAN F.ALI S.S.ABDULLAEV S.SAADAOUI HABIBULLAH School of Computer Science and Technology Shandong Technology and Business UniversityYantai 264005Shandong ProvinceChina Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Mechanical Engineering Lebanese American UniversityBeirut 11020Lebanon Department of Mathematical Sciences Federal Urdu University of ArtsSciences&TechnologyGulshan-e-IqbalKarachi 75300Pakistan Faculty of Chemical Engineering New Uzbekistan UniversityTashkent 100070Uzbekistan Department of Science and Innovation Tashkent State Pedagogical University named after NizamiTashkent 100070Uzbekistan Department of Physics Faculty of Science and ArtsMohayel AserKing Khalid UniversityAbha 61421Saudi Arabia State Key Laboratory of Turbulence and Complex System Collaborative Innovative Center for Advanced Aero-EnginesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

In a wide variety of mechanical and industrial applications,e.g.,space cooling,nuclear reactor cooling,medicinal utilizations(magnetic drug targeting),energy generation,and heat conduction in tissues,the heat transfer phenomenon is ***’s law of heat conduction has been used as the foundation for predicting the heat transfer behavior in a variety of real-world *** model’s production of a parabolic energy expression,which means that an initial disturbance would immediately affect the system under investigation,is one of its main ***,numerous researchers worked on such problem to resolve this *** last,this problem was resolved by Cattaneo by adding relaxation time for heat flux in Fourier’s law,which was defined as the time required to establish steady heat conduction once a temperature gradient is *** offered a material invariant version of Cattaneo’s model by taking into account the upper-connected derivative of the Oldroyd ***,both models are combinedly known as the Cattaneo-Christov(CC)*** this attempt,the mixed convective MHD Falkner-Skan Sutterby nanofluid flow is addressed towards a wedge surface in the presence of the variable external magnetic *** CC model is incorporated instead of Fourier’s law for the examination of heat transfer features in the energy expression.A two-phase nanofluid model is utilized for the implementation of *** nonlinear system of equations is tackled through the bvp4c technique in the MATLAB software *** influence of pertinent flow parameters is discussed and displayed through different *** and important results are summarized in the conclusion ***,in both cases of wall-through flow(i.e.,suction and injection effects),the porosity parameters increase the flow speed,and decrease the heat transport and the influence of drag forces.

关键词： sporosity Cattaneo-Christov(CC)heat flux model Falkner-Skan Sutterby nanofluid mixed convection stagnation point

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Attribute-Based Data Sharing Scheme with Flexible Search Functionality for Cloud-Assisted Autonomous Transportation System

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IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics 2023年第11期19卷 10977-10986页

作者： Xiong, Hu Wang, Hanxiao Meng, Weizhi Yeh, Kuo-Hui University of Electronic Science and Technology of China School of Information and Software Engineering Network and Data Security Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu610054 China Advanced Cryptography and System Security Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu610025 China Technical University of Denmark Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science Kongens Lyngby2800 Denmark National Dong Hwa University Department of Information Management Hualien97401 Taiwan National Sun Yat-sen University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Kaohsiung804201 Taiwan

The existing group public key encryption with equality test schemes could only support one-to-one data sharing and are not suitable for cloud-assisted autonomous transportation systems, which demand one-to-many data sharing. To tackle this problem efficiently, in this article, we put forward the group-attribute-based encryption with equality test (G-ABEET) scheme. The presented G-ABEET allows sensors equipped in vehicles to encrypt traffic data with an expressive access policy before sharing it. Only users with attributes required by the access policy ought to access the shared ciphertexts, thus achieving selective one-to-many data sharing. Meanwhile, the authorized cloud server could provide group users with equality tests over the ciphertexts, realizing ciphertext search ability. Furthermore, with the group mechanism, the G-ABEET scheme could resist offline message recovery attacks. Besides, in the standard model, we give rigorous security proof of the G-ABEET construction. The feasibility and efficiency of G-ABEET are demonstrated by experimental simulations. © 2005-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Cloud computing

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