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2024 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine, BIBM 2024

作者： Zhu, Mingzhu Guo, Shuyu Wang, Ziwei Jiao, Jianhang Bai, Tian Jilin University College of Computer Science and Technology Changchun China Jilin University Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering Ministry of Education Changchun China Jilin University College of Software Changchun China The Second Norman Bethune Hospital Jilin University Department of Orthopedics Changchun China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350386226

Supervised methods on 3D medical image segmentation need large amounts of annotated data, but annotating is time-consuming. Also, existing 3D segmentation methods capture more global structural information but overlook local detailed features, which negatively impacts the segmentation of small tissues. In this paper, we propose a novel weakly-supervised 2D-3D Feature Co-Embedding Network (2D-3D CoENet) that includes 2D and 3D encoding layers, simultaneously extracting 2D local detailed and 3D global structural features. To reduce annotation costs, we use fewer labeled slices as ground truth and pseudo-labels are generated by 2D-3D CoENet for other slices. Additionally, multi-view learning is introduced to capture more 2D local detailed information, and a Multi-view Semantic Consistency loss (MSC loss) is proposed to constrain features from multiple perspectives. To further enhance the local detailed texture features, we propose an Edge Enhancement Module (EEM) in the 3D segmentation network to enhance the edge detail features. Our experimental results on the SKI10 dataset and OAI ZIB dataset demonstrate that our method outperforms the SOTA weakly-supervised segmentation methods. Moreover, our approach achieves results that are comparable to the fully-supervised upper bound results. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Medical imaging

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Effective Entry-Wise Flow for Molecule Generation 40

Effective Entry-Wise Flow for Molecule Generation

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40th IEEE International Conference on Data Engineering, ICDE 2024

作者： Zhang, Qifan Yao, Junjie Yang, Yuquan Shi, Yizhou Gao, Wei Wang, Xiaoling School of Computer Science and Technology East China Normal University China Software Engineering Institute East China Normal University China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing China University of Massachusetts Department of Chemistry Boston United States University of Michigan Ann Arbor United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350317152

Molecule generation is a critical process in the fields of drug discovery and materials science. Recently, generative models based on normalizing flows have demonstrated significant potential in this domain. These models are particularly suited for handling the symmetrical and complex chemical structures often encountered in molecular datasets. Despite their promising nature, normalizing flow-based models for molecule generation face considerable challenges. The complexity of molecule representation, the rigorous demands of optimization, and the scarcity of training labels in molecular datasets contribute to these difficulties. Additionally, adequately and comprehensively learning the distribution of molecular datasets remains a formidable task. In this paper, we delve into the intricate entry-wise modules in vanilla flows, introducing an effective variation of flow-based models. Our proposed approach innovatively encapsulates affine coupling transformations within normalizing flows. Furthermore, we deconstruct existing invertible flow models, integrating them with newly developed entry-wise transformations. Our experimental studies demonstrate that these proposed entry-wise modules, when incorporated into standard flow-based models, surpass other generative models in performance on various representative datasets and generation tasks. Notably, in the context of low-resourced molecular graph generation, our model achieves remarkable performance compared to its counterparts. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Complex networks

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Joint Mobile Edge Caching and Pricing: A Mean-Field Game Approach

Joint Mobile Edge Caching and Pricing: A Mean-Field Game App...

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International Conference on Data Engineering

作者： Yin Xu Xichong Zhang Mingjun Xiao Jie Wu An Liu Sheng Zhang School of Computer Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research University of Science and Technology of China Suzhou China Department of Computer and Information Sciences Temple University Philadelphia USA School of Computer Science and Technology Soochow University Suzhou China State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University Nanjing China

ISBN: (数字)9798350317152

ISBN: (纸本)9798350317169

In this paper, we investigate the competitive content placement problem in Mobile Edge Caching (MEC) systems, where Edge Data Providers (EDPs) cache appropriate contents and trade them with requesters at a suitable price. Most of the existing works ignore the complicated strategic and economic interplay between content caching, pricing, and content sharing. Therefore, we propose a joint Mean-Field Game framework for mobile edge Caching and Pricing (MFG-CP) in large-scale dynamic MEC systems, which can facilitate distributed optimal decision-making based on the mean-field game theory. Specifi-cally, we first formulate the competitive content placement issue among EDPs as a non-cooperative stochastic differential game. To significantly reduce the communication and computation complexity, we further devise a mean-field model to approximate the collective impact of all EDPs on caching, trading, and sharing, by which each EDP can quickly estimate some unknown information without considerable interactions. Then, we develop a distributed best response scheme based on iterative learning, enabling each EDP to solely customize its optimal caching strategy and pricing policy. Besides, we theoretically prove the existence of a unique MFG equilibrium. Finally, trace-driven simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of MFG-CP compared with some baselines.

关键词： Economics Computational modeling Stochastic processes Pricing Games Differential games Data engineering

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Adaptive Plasticity Improvement for Continual Learning

Adaptive Plasticity Improvement for Continual Learning

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Conference on computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)

作者： Yan-Shuo Liang Wu-Jun Li Department of Computer Science and Technology National Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University P. R. China

Many works have tried to solve the catastrophic forgetting (CF) problem in continual learning (lifelong learning). However, pursuing non-forgetting on old tasks may damage the model's plasticity for new tasks. Although some methods have been proposed to achieve stability-plasticity trade-off, no methods have considered evaluating a model's plasticity and improving plasticity adaptively for a new task. In this work, we propose a new method, called adaptive plasticity improvement (API), for continual learning. Besides the ability to overcome CF on old tasks, API also tries to evaluate the model's plasticity and then adaptively improve the model's plasticity for learning a new task if necessary. Experiments on several real datasets show that API can outperform other state-of-the-art baselines in terms of both accuracy and memory usage.

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Loss decoupling for task-agnostic continual learning 23

Loss decoupling for task-agnostic continual learning

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Proceedings of the 37th International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems

作者： Yan-Shuo Liang Wu-Jun Li National Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Department of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing University P. R. China

Continual learning requires the model to learn multiple tasks in a sequential order. To perform continual learning, the model must possess the abilities to maintain performance on old tasks (stability) and adapt itself to learn new tasks (plasticity). Task-agnostic problem in continual learning is a challenging problem, in which task identities are not available in the inference stage and hence the model must learn to distinguish all the classes in all the tasks. In task-agnostic problem, the model needs to learn two new objectives for learning a new task, including distinguishing new classes from old classes and distinguishing between different new classes. For task-agnostic problem, replay-based methods are commonly used. These methods update the model with both saved old samples and new samples for continual learning. Most existing replay-based methods mix the two objectives in task-agnostic problem together, inhibiting the models from achieving a good trade-off between stability and plasticity. In this paper, we propose a simple yet effective method, called loss decoupling (LODE), for task-agnostic continual learning. LODE separates the two objectives for the new task by decoupling the loss of the new task. As a result, LODE can assign different weights for different objectives, which provides a way to obtain a better trade-off between stability and plasticity than those methods with coupled loss. Experiments show that LODE can outperform existing state-of-the-art replay-based methods on multiple continual learning datasets.

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Edge computing service deployment and task offloading based on multi-task high-dimensional multi-objective optimization

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2023年

作者： Guo, Yanheng Zhang, Yan Wu, Linjie Li, Mengxia Cai, Xingjuan Chen, Jinjun Shanxi Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis and Parallel Computing Taiyuan University of Science and Technology Shanxi Taiyuan030024 China State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University China Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Swinburne University of Technology Melbourne Australia

The Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) system located close to the client allows mobile smart devices to offload their computations onto edge servers, enabling them to benefit from low-latency computing services. Both cloud service providers and users seek more comprehensive solutions, necessitating judicious decisions in service deployment and task offloading while balancing multiple objectives. This study investigates service deployment and task offloading challenges in a multi-user environment, framing them as a multi-task high-dimensional multi-objective optimization (MT-HD-MOO) problem within an edge environment. To ensure stable service provisioning, beyond considering latency, energy consumption, and cost as deployment objectives, network reliability is also incorporated. Furthermore, to promote equitable usage of edge servers, load balancing is introduced as a fourth task offloading objective, in addition to latency, energy consumption, and cost. Additionally, this paper designs a MT-HD-MOO algorithm based on a multi-selection strategy to address this model and its solution. By employing diverse selection strategies, an environment selection strategy pool is established to enhance population diversity within the high-dimensional objective space. Ultimately, the algorithm’s effectiveness is verified through simulation experiments. © 2023, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Multiobjective optimization

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DapperFL: domain adaptive federated learning with model fusion pruning for edge devices 24

DapperFL: domain adaptive federated learning with model fusi...

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Proceedings of the 38th International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems

作者： Yongzhe Jia Xuyun Zhang Hongsheng Hu Kim-Kwang Raymond Choo Lianyong Qi Xiaolong Xu Amin Beheshti Wanchun Dou State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Department of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing University China School of Computing Macquarie University Australia School of Information and Physical Sciences University of Newcastle Australia Department of Information Systems and Cyber Security University of Texas at San Antonio USA College of Computer Science and Technology China University of Petroleum (East China) China School of Computer and Software Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331314385

Federated learning (FL) has emerged as a prominent machine learning paradigm in edge computing environments, enabling edge devices to collaboratively optimize a global model without sharing their private data. However, existing FL frameworks suffer from efficacy deterioration due to the system heterogeneity inherent in edge computing, especially in the presence of domain shifts across local data. In this paper, we propose a heterogeneous FL framework DapperFL, to enhance model performance across multiple domains. In DapperFL, we introduce a dedicated Model Fusion Pruning (MFP) module to produce personalized compact local models for clients to address the system heterogeneity challenges. The MFP module prunes local models with fused knowledge obtained from both local and remaining domains, ensuring robustness to domain shifts. Additionally, we design a Domain Adaptive Regularization (DAR) module to further improve the overall performance of DapperFL. The DAR module employs regularization generated by the pruned model, aiming to learn robust representations across domains. Furthermore, we introduce a specific aggregation algorithm for aggregating heterogeneous local models with tailored architectures and weights. We implement DapperFL on a real-world FL platform with heterogeneous clients. Experimental results on benchmark datasets with multiple domains demonstrate that DapperFL outperforms several state-of-the-art FL frameworks by up to 2.28%, while significantly achieving model volume reductions ranging from 20% to 80%. Our code is available at: https://***/jyzgh/DapperFL.

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Multi-objective Deployment of WSNs in Underground Sheltered Space 19th

Multi-objective Deployment of WSNs in Underground Sheltere...

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19th EAI International Conference on Heterogeneous Networking for Quality, Reliability, Security and Robustness, QShine 2023

作者： Wan, Liangtian Wang, Caiyun Sun, Lu Chen, Boyu Zheng, Jibin Wang, Xianpeng Key Laboratory for Ubiquitous Network and Service Software of Liaoning Province School of Software Dalian University of Technology Dalian116620 China Department of Communication Engineering Institute of Information Science Technology Dalian Maritime University Dalian116026 China School of Communications and Information Engineering Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications Chongqing China National Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing Xidian University Xi’an710071 China State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea and School of Information and Communication Engineering Hainan University Haikou570228 China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031651250

Given the increasing population, the underground spaces are widely used. The existing research on wireless sensor networks (WSNs) development has mainly focused on overground space;also, the existing work was based on an ideal deployment environment and simple sensor behaviour. As a consequence, they do not satisfy requirements for practical 3D environment. The 3D wireless sensor networks (WSNs) deployment has new difficulties in the underground space. The signal transmission is impacted by obstacles in the underground space. Thus, we propose a geometry-based 3D signal propagation model to calculate the signal path loss caused by obstacles. Then, taking both coverage and connectivity into account, we transform the WSNs deployment problem into a multi-objective optimization problem (MOP). Finally, we compare some state-of-the-art multi-objective evolutionary algorithms (MOEAs) for the WSNs deployment problem in underground sheltered space. By the experimental results, we optimize the multiobjective deployment problem of the WSNs in the underground sheltered space. © ICST Institute for computer sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering 2024.

关键词： Wireless sensor networks

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Imperceptible and Reliable Adversarial Attack 1

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4th International Conference on Frontiers in Cyber Security, FCS 2021

作者： Zhang, Jiawei Wang, Jinwei Luo, Xiangyang Ma, Bin Xiong, Naixue School of Computer and Software Engineering Research Center of Digital Forensics Ministry of Education Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing210044 China State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing Zhenzhou450001 China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computer Networks and Qilu University of Technology Jinan250353 China Department of Computer Science and Mathematics Sul Ross State University AlpineTX79830 United States

ISBN: (数字)9789811905230

ISBN: (纸本)9789811905223

Deep neural networks are vulnerable to adversarial examples, which can fool classifiers by adding small perturbations. Various adversarial attack methods have been proposed in the past several years, and most of them add the perturbation in a "sparse" or "global" way. Since the number of pixels perturbed by the "sparse" method and the perturbation intensity of each pixel added by the "global" method are both small, the adversarial property can be destroyed easily. Finally, it makes the adversarial attack and the adversarial training based on these samples unreliable. To address this issue, we present an "pixel-wise" method which is somewhere in between the "sparse" or "global" way. First, the perception of human eyes to the error of different image regions is different. Second, image processing methods have different effects on the different areas of the image. Based on these two considerations, we propose an imperceptible and reliable adversarial attack method, which projects the perturbation to the different areas differently. Extensive experiments demonstrate our method can preserve the attack ability while maintaining good view quality. More importantly, the proposed projection can be combined with existing attack methods to generate a stronger generation algorithm which improves the robustness of adversarial examples. Based on the proposed method, the reliability of adversarial attacks can be greatly improved. © 2022, Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Pixels

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Integrating Dual Prototypes for Task-Wise Adaption in Pre-Trained Model-Based Class-Incremental Learning

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2024年

作者： Xu, Zhiming Yang, Suorong Xu, Baile Zhao, Jian Shen, Furao National Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University China School of Artificial Intelligence Nanjing University China Department of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing University China

Class-incremental learning (CIL) aims to acquire new classes while conserving historical knowledge incrementally. Despite existing pre-trained model (PTM) based methods performing excellently in CIL, it is better to fine-tune them on downstream incremental tasks with massive patterns unknown to PTMs. However, using task streams for fine-tuning could lead to catastrophic forgetting that will erase the knowledge in PTMs. This paper proposes the Dual Prototype network for Task-wise Adaption (DPTA) of PTM-based CIL. For each incremental learning task, a task-wise adapter module is built to fine-tune the PTM, where the center-adapt loss forces the representation to be more centrally clustered and class separable. The dual prototype network improves the prediction process by enabling test-time adapter selection, where the raw prototypes deduce several possible task indexes of test samples to select suitable adapter modules for PTM, and the augmented prototypes that could separate highly correlated classes are utilized to determine the final result. Experiments on several benchmark datasets demonstrate the state-of-the-art performance of DPTA. The code is submitted in supplementary materials and will be open-sourced after the paper is published. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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