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Alleviation of arsenic stress in pakchoi by foliar spraying of engineered nanomaterials

Environmental Science and pollution Research 2024年第36期31卷 49185-49199页

作者： Wang, Yaoyao Chen, Xingbei Lin, Lu Ge, Jingwen Huang, Yuhong Gu, Xueyuan State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of Environment Nanjing University Nanjing210023 China

Addressing heavy metal contamination in leafy vegetables is critically important due to its adverse effects on human health. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effects of foliar spraying with four nanoparticles (CeO2, ZnO, SiO2, and S NPs) on arsenic (As) stress in pakchoi (Brassica rapa var. Chinensis). The findings reveal that foliar application of ZnO NPs at 1 ~ 2.5 mg plant−1 and CeO2 NPs at 5 mg plant−1 significantly reduces As in shoots by 40.9 ~ 47.3% and 39.4%, respectively. Moreover, 5 mg plant−1 CeO2 NPs increased plant height by 6.06% and chlorophyll a (Chla) content by 30.2% under As stress. Foliar spraying of CeO2 NPs at 0.2–5 mg plant−1 also significantly enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in shoots by 9.4 ~ 13.9%, lowered H2O2 content by 42.4 ~ 53.25%, and increased root protein contents by 79 ~ 109.2%. CeO2 NPs regulate the As(III)/As(V) ratio, aiding in As efflux from roots and thereby reducing As toxicity to plants. In vitro digestion experiments reveal that the consumption of CeO2 NPs carries the lowest health risk of As. In addition, foliar spraying of ZnO NPs at 1 ~ 2.5 mg plant−1 can suppress plant As uptake by modulating enzyme activity, reducing leaf damage, and enhancing chlorophyll content. The study demonstrates that high CeO2 NP concentrations and suitable ZnO NP concentrations can alleviate As toxicity in pakchoi, consequently reducing human health risks. Graphical Abstract: (Figure presented.) © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Nanostructured materials

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Research on carbon black and cerium co-doped Ti4O7-CB-Ce electrocatalytic oxidation of tetracycline-based antibiotics

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Environmental Science and pollution Research 2024年第32期31卷 44983-44994页

作者： Chen, Junxia He, Xinyi Lei, Chongtian Li, Weigang Yang, Zhenzhen Zhou, Qing State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of Environment Nanjing University Nanjing210023 China

Elemental doping is a promising way for enhancing the electrocatalytic activity of metal oxides. Herein, we fabricate Ti/ Ti4O7-CB-Ce anode materials by the modification means of carbon black and cerium co-doped Ti4O7, and this shift effectively improves the interfacial charge transfer rate of Ti4O7 and •OH yield in the electrocatalytic process. Remarkably, the Ti4O7-CB-Ce anode exhibits excellent efficiency of minocycline (MNC) wastewater treatment (100% removal within 20 min), and the removal rate reduces from 100 to 98.5% after five cycles, which is comparable to BDD electrode. •OH and 1O2 are identified as the active species in the reaction. Meanwhile, it is discovered that Ti/ Ti4O7-CB-Ce anodes can effectively improve the biochemical properties of the non-biodegradable pharmaceutical wastewater (B/C values from 0.25 to 0.44) and significantly reduce the toxicity of the wastewater (luminescent bacteria inhibition rate from 100 to 26.6%). This work paves an effective strategy for designing superior metal oxides electrocatalysts. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Carbon black

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Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron(nZVI)for Heavy Metal Wastewater Treatment:A Perspective

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Engineering 2024年第5期36卷 16-20页

作者： Shaolin Li Lei Li Weixian Zhang State Key Laboratory for Pollution Control and Resource Reuse College of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092China

Industries such as non-ferrous metal smelting discharge billions of gallons of highly toxic heavy metal wastewater(HMW)worldwide annually,posing a severe challenge to conventional wastewater treatment plants and harming the *** is traditionally treated via chemical precipitation using lime,caustic,or sulfide,but the effluents do not meet the increasingly stringent discharge *** issue has spurred an increase in research and the development of innovative treatment technologies,among which those using nanoparticles receive particular *** such initiatives,treatment using nanoscale zero-valent iron(nZVI)is one of the best *** nZVI is already well known for its site-remediation use,this perspective highlights its application in HMW treatment with metal *** demonstrate several advantages of nZVI in this wastewater application,including its multifunctionality in sequestrating a wide array of metal(loid)s(>30 species);its capability to capture and enrich metal(loid)s at low concentrations(with a removal capacity reaching 500 mg·g^(-1)nZVI);and its operational convenience due to its unique *** these advantages are attributable to nZVI’s diminutive nanoparticle size and/or its unique iron *** also present the first engineering practice of this application,which has treated millions of cubic meters of HMW and recovered tons of valuable metals(e.g.,Cu and Au).It is concluded that nZVI is a potent reagent for treating HMW and that nZVI technology provides an eco-solution to this toxic waste.

关键词： Nanoscale zero-valent iron Wastewater Heavy metal Resource recovery

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Eco-friendly regeneration of end-of-life PVDF membrane with triethyl phosphate:Efficiency and mechanism

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第9期35卷 315-319页

作者： Lingna Wang Chenxin Tian Ruobin Dai Zhiwei Wang State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological SecuritySchool of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

Membrane will inevitably reach the end of its lifespan due to the irrecoverable fouling accumulation in membrane bioreactors(MBRs)during long-term ***,we developed an eco-friendly membrane regeneration strategy with triethyl phosphate(TEP),which successfully prolonged the lifespan of end-of-life(EOL)polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)membranes in a large-scale *** regenerated(Rg)membrane exhibited a water permeance of 534.8±45.7 L m^(-2)h^(-1)bar-1,along with stable rejection rate,which was comparable with that of the new ***,compared to the membrane subjected solely to preliminary cleaning,the Rg membrane presented a more hydrophilic surface due to the combination of preliminary cleaning and solvent-based ***,the Rg membrane presented less fouling propensity with the critical flux of 15.2 L m^(-2)h^(-1),significantly higher than that of the EOL membrane(4.0 L m^(-2)h^(-1)).Importantly,the membrane regeneration strategy was capable of guaranteeing the effluent quality in MBR systems for treating real municipal *** study provides an eco-friendly membrane regeneration strategy for effectively removing the irrecoverable foulants,thereby promoting the advancement of sustainable membrane-based wastewater treatment technology.

关键词： End-of-life membrane regeneration Membrane bioreactor Preliminary cleaning Solvent-based processing Irrecoverable fouling removal

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Efficient removal of Cr(Ⅲ)-carboxyl complex from neutral and high-salinity wastewater by nitrogen doped biomass-based composites

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2023年第1期34卷 397-402页

作者： Li Song Shichao Jing Yixing Qiu Fuqiang Liu Aimin Li State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the EnvironmentNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

Heavy metals usually exist stably as the species of organic complexes in high-salinity ***,their effective removal is challenging,especially when the initial p H is ***,a novel nitrogen doped biomass-based composite(N-CMCS)was synthesized to remove the complexed heavy metal of Cr(Ⅲ)-*** maximum adsorption capacity of Cr(Ⅲ)-Citrate(Cr-Cit)by N-CMCS under neutral p H(7.0)and high-salinity(200 mmol/L NaCl)condition was up to 2.50 mmol/*** the removal performance remained stable after 6 times of *** with species and characterizations analysis,electrostatic attraction and hydrogen bonding were the main mechanisms for N-CMCS to remove Cr(Ⅲ)-carboxyl *** adsorption indicated N-CMCS column could treat about 1300BV simulated wastewater and 350 BV actual wastewater with the concentration of effluent lower than1.0 mg/***,N-CMCS could remove a variety of complexed heavy metal ions under neutral p H,indicating the great potential in practical application.

关键词： Biomass-based Nitrogen doping Adsorption Complexed heavy metals High-salinity wastewater

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Technologies for pollutant removal and resource recovery from blackwater:a review

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2023年第7期17卷 57-77页

作者： Wei Zhang Huaqiang Chu Libin Yang Xiaogang You Zhenjiang Yu Yalei Zhang Xuefei Zhou State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse College of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

Blackwater(BW),consisting of feces,urine,flushing water and toilet paper,makes up an important portion of domestic *** improper disposal of BW may lead to environmental pollution and disease transmission,threatening the sustainabie development of the *** in nutrients and organic matter,BW could be treated for resource recovery and reuse through various *** at providing guidance for the future development of BW treatment and resource recovery,this paper presented a literature review of BWs produced in different countries and types of toilets,including their physiochemical characteristics,and current treatment and resource recovery *** degradation and utilization of carbon(C),nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)within BW are *** performance of different systems was classified and *** all the treating systems,biological and ecological systems have been long and widely applied for BW treatment,showing their universality and operability in nutrients and energy recovery,but they are either slow or ineffective in removal of some refractory *** processes,especially advanced oxidation processes(AOPs),are becoming increasingly extensively studied in BW treatment because of their high efficiency,especially for the removal of micropollutants and *** review could serve as an instructive guidance for the design and optimization of BW treatment technologies,aiming to help in the fulfilment of sustainable human excreta management.

关键词： Blackwater Water-flushing toilet Sanitation Nutrientrecovery Waterreuse Sustainable development

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A direct Z-scheme 0Dα-Fe_(2)O_(3)/TiO_(2)heterojunction for enhanced photo-Fenton activity with low H_(2)O_(2)consumption

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第12期35卷 334-339页

作者： Cailiang Yue Nan Sun Yixing Qiu Linlin Zhu Zhiling Du Fuqiang Liu State Key Laboratory of Pollution and Resource Reuse School of the EnvironmentNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

The insufficient F(Ⅲ)/Fe(Ⅱ)cycling rate resulted from high combination of photogenerated carriers severely hinders the photo-Fenton *** this work,0 dimensionalα-Fe_(2)O_(3)nanoclusters decorated Ti O_(2)heterojunction(FT-x)was prepared via in-situ phase transformation ***-200 exhibited the optimal photo-Fenton activity for 2,4-dichlorophenol degradation with the kinetic rate constant reaching1.0806 min^(-1)under low H_(2)O_(2)dosage(1 mmol/L),which was 126.1 and 202.8 times higher than that of Ti O_(2)andα-Fe_(2)O_(3).Radical quenching experiments and electron spin resonance spectra proved that·OH was the leading reactive *** enhanced photo-Fenton activity was attributed to the accelerated F(III)/Fe(II)cycling rate induced by the direct Z-Scheme charge transfer *** from the abundant·OH production,the dechlorinate ratios and mineralization ratios of multiple chlorophenol pollutants(2,4-dichlorophenol,4-chlorophenol,2,4,6-trichlorophenol)all exceeded 98%.The biotoxicity of chlorophenol wastewater was greatly reduced after the treatment by Light/H_(2)O_(2)/FT-200 ***,this work constructed a low-cost and highly efficient photo-Fenton system for refractory organic wastewater treatment.

关键词： Photo-Fenton Z-scheme heterojunction Chlorophenol α-Fe_(2)O_(3) TiO_(2)

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An ensemble machine learning model to uncover potential sites of hazardous waste illegal dumping based on limited supervision experience

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Fundamental Research 2024年第4期4卷 972-978页

作者： Jinghua Geng Yimeng Ding Wenjun Xie Wen Fang Miaomiao Liu Zongwei Ma Jianxun Yang Jun Bi State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the EnvironmentNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023 China

With the soaring generation of hazardous waste(HW)during industrialization and urbanization,HW illegal dumping continues to be an intractable global *** in developing regions with lax regulations,it has become a major source of soil and groundwater *** dominant challenge for HW illegal dumping supervision is the invisibility of dumping sites,which makes HW illegal dumping difficult to be found,thereby causing a long-term adverse impact on the *** to utilize the limited historic supervision records to screen the potential dumping sites in the whole region is a key challenge to be *** this study,a novel machine learning model based on the positive-unlabeled(PU)learning algorithm was proposed to resolve this problem through the ensemble method which could iteratively mine the features of limited historic *** of the random forest-based PU model showed that the predicted top 30%of high-risk areas could cover 68.1%of newly reported cases in the studied region,indicating the reliability of the model *** novel framework will also be promising in other environmental management scenarios to deal with numerous unknown samples based on limited prior experience.

关键词： Hazardous waste Illegal dumping site Positive-unlabeled machine learning Probability prediction Model interpretation

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Occurrence and risk assessment of azole fungicides during the urban water cycle:A year-long study along the Yangtze River,China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第7期141卷 16-25页

作者： Yangyang Zhang Xinjie Gu Xiuwen Li Qiuyun Zhao Xiaodong Hu Rui Huang Jixiong Xu Zilong Yin Qing Zhou Aimin Li Peng Shi State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the EnvironmentNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Jiangsu Province Hydraulic Research Institute Nanjing 210023China

Azole fungicides(AFs)play an important role in the prevention and treatment of fungal diseases in agricultural ***,limited studies are addressing the fate and ecological risk of AFs in the urban water cycle at a large watershed *** address this gap,we investigated the spatiotemporal distribution and ecological risk of twenty AFs in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River across four ***(CBA),tebuconazole(TBA),tricyclazole(TCA),and propiconazole(PPA)were found to be the dominant *** highest concentrations were measured in January(188.3 ng/L),and November(2197.1 ng/L),July(162.0 ng/L),and November(1801.9 ng/L),*** comparison between wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs)effluents and surface water suggested that industrial WWTPs are major sources of AFs in the Yangtze *** particular,TBA and PPA were found to be the most recalcitrant AFs in industrial WWTPs,while difenoconazole(DFA)was found to be the most potent pollutant in municipal WWTPs,with an average removal rate of less than60%.The average risk quotient(RQ)for the entire AFs was 6.45 in the fall,which was higher than in January(0.98),April(0.61),and July(0.40).This indicates that AFs in surface water posed higher environmental risks during the dry ***,the exposure risk of AFs via drinking water for sensitive populations deserves more *** study provides benchmark data on the occurrence of AFs in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River,and offers suggestions for better reduction of AFs.

关键词： Azole fungicides Spatiotemporal distribution Ecological risk Urban water cycle the Yangtze River

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Challenges and perspectives of air pollution control in China

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第6期18卷 9-16页

作者： Bin Zhao Shuxiao Wang Jiming Hao State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing 100084China

Air pollution is one of the most challenging environmental issues in the *** has achieved remarkable success in improving air quality in last decade as a result of aggressive air pollution control ***,the average fine particulate matter(PM2.5)concentration in China is still about six times of the World Health Organization(WHO)Global Air Quality Guidelines(AQG)and causing significant human health *** emission reductions of multiple air pollutants are required for China to achieve the *** we identify the major challenges in future air quality improvement and propose corresponding control *** main challenges include the persistently high health risk attributed to PM2.5 pollution,the excessively loose air quality standards,and coordinated control of air pollution,greenhouse gases(GHGs)emissions and emerging *** further improve air quality and protect human health,a health-oriented air pollution control strategy shall be implemented by tightening the air quality standards as well as optimizing emission reduction pathways based on the health risks of various *** the meantime,an“oneatmosphere”concept shall be adopted to strengthen the synergistic control of air pollutants and GHGs and the control of non-combustion sources and emerging pollutants shall be enhanced.

关键词： Air pollution China Health impact Air quality standards GHGs Emerging pollutants

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