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Advances in Space Research 2023年第8期71卷 3532-3532页

作者： Ye Tian Jiahang Zhang Weiwei Zhang Boyi Xu Zhangqing Duan School of Light Industry Harbin University of Commerce Harbin 150028 PR China The State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 PR China

A Synthetic Framework for Evaluating and Designing an Anthropomorphic Prosthetic Hand

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2018年第1期15卷 69-82页

作者： Li Jiang Yuan Liu Dapeng Yang Hong Liu State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150080 China

The mimic of aesthetics, fianction, and rehabilitation application makes the prosthetic hand design an interdisciplinary, synthetic work. Prosthetic hands should be designed in a comprehensive consideration with a synthetic framework from multiple areas. In this case, a synthetic framework containing 12 anthropomorphism indexes is established and utilized to understand the human hand characteristic and quantifiably evaluate the anthropomorphism of a prosthetic hand. Our quantified evaluation results show that a Global Anthropomorphic Score （GAS） of the current commercial prosthetic hands is only 45.2%. The compliance, coupling speed ratio and configuration of the Degrees Of Freedom （DOF） are found to be the lowest three anthropomorphism evaluation indexes in all 12 indexes. In addition, a design priority is proposed based on the quantified evaluation results and contributes to a prosthetic hand design. Moreover, our correlation analysis results between each index and GAS show that, compared with the conventional evaluation index-grasp gesture, the rotation axis distribution index has a stronger distinguishing capability to the hand performance. Finally, a flowchart of prosthetic hand design was presented for a designer to design a prosthetic hand with a high anthropomorphism.

关键词： prosthetic hand anthropomorphism quantified evaluation bionic design mechanical implementation rehabilitation

Modelling and experimental investigation of frequency splitting of hemispherical resonator with machining errors

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2025年

作者： Chuanzhen MA Henan LIU Jian CHENG Mingjun CHEN State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China School of Mechatronics Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China Zhengzhou Research Institute Harbin Institute of Technology Zhengzhou 450000 China

Hemispherical Resonator (HSR) is a typical high-performance component due to the complex coupling relationship between the machining errors and performance parameters. To understand the impact of machining errors on frequency splitting, the frequency splitting model that couples the multiple machining errors was developed to elucidate the mechanism of frequency splitting and reveal the effect of geometric error parameters on frequency splitting innovatively. In addition, a method for characterizing machining errors is established to describe the circumferential mass uniformity of the hemispherical shell. Furthermore, measurement experiments of HSRs were performed to verify the accuracy of the model, and the results showed that the predicted errors of the model were within 15%. Both theoretical and experimental results demonstrated that the direct cause of frequency splitting is the uneven circumferential mass of HSR. In particular, the radial concentricity has the most significant influence on frequency splitting, followed by the coaxiality and roundness. Within the error range of 0-0.5 μm, frequency splitting values change by 0.945 Hz, 0.098 Hz, and 0.039 Hz, respectively. Furthermore, the coupling effect of machining errors and surface quality on frequency splitting was discussed, which showed machining errors is the predominant factor contributing to frequency splitting. This work not only enhance the understanding of the mechanism of frequency splitting, but also provide theoretical guidance for the parameter optimization involved in high-performance manufacturing of HSR.

关键词： Hemispherical resonator Frequency splitting Mass nonuniformity Machining errors Surface quality

PCF-Grasp: Converting Point Completion to Geometry Feature to Enhance 6-DoF Grasp

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Cheng, Yaofeng Zha, Fusheng Guo, Wei Wang, Pengfei Zeng, Chao Sun, Lining Yang, Chenguang State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin150001 China Lanzhou University of Technology China Department of Computer Science University of Liverpool LiverpoolL69 3BX United Kingdom

The 6-Degree of Freedom (DoF) grasp method based on point clouds has shown significant potential in enabling robots to grasp target objects. However, most existing methods are based on the point clouds (2.5D points) generated from single-view depth images. These point clouds only have one surface side of the object providing incomplete geometry information, which mislead the grasping algorithm to judge the shape of the target object, resulting in low grasping accuracy. Humans can accurately grasp objects from a single view by leveraging their geometry experience to estimate object shapes. Inspired by humans, we propose a novel 6-DoF grasping framework that converts the point completion results as object shape features to train the 6-DoF grasp network. Here, point completion can generate approximate complete points from the 2.5D points similar to the human geometry experience, and converting it as shape features is the way to utilize it to improve grasp efficiency. Furthermore, due to the gap between the network generation and actual execution, we integrate a score filter into our framework to select more executable grasp proposals for the real robot. This enables our method to maintain a high grasp quality in any camera viewpoint. Extensive experiments demonstrate that utilizing complete point features enables the generation of significantly more accurate grasp proposals and the inclusion of a score filter greatly enhances the credibility of real-world robot grasping. Our method achieves a 17.8% success rate higher than the state-of-the-art method in real-world experiments. Code and videos are available at https://***/ChengYaofeng/PCF-Grasp. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Geometry

Trackerless freehand ultrasound with sequence modelling and auxiliary transformation over past and future frames

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Li, Qi Shen, Ziyi Li, Qian Barratt, Dean C. Dowrick, Thomas Clarkson, Matthew J. Vercauteren, Tom Hu, Yipeng Centre for Medical Image Computing Wellcome/EPSRC Centre for Interventional and Surgical Sciences Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering University College London London United Kingdom State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences King’s College London London United Kingdom

Three-dimensional (3D) freehand ultrasound (US) reconstruction without a tracker can be advantageous over its two-dimensional or tracked counterparts in many clinical applications. In this paper, we propose to estimate 3D spatial transformation between US frames from both past and future 2D images, using feed-forward and recurrent neural networks (RNNs). With the temporally available frames, a further multitask learning algorithm is proposed to utilise a large number of auxiliary transformation-predicting tasks between them. Using more than 40,000 US frames acquired from 228 scans on 38 forearms of 19 volunteers in a volunteer study, the hold-out test performance is quantified by frame prediction accuracy, volume reconstruction overlap, accumulated tracking error and final drift, based on ground-truth from an optical tracker. The results show the importance of modelling the temporal-spatially correlated input frames as well as output transformations, with further improvement owing to additional past and/or future frames. The best performing model was associated with predicting transformation between moderately-spaced frames, with an interval of less than ten frames at 20 frames per second (fps). Little benefit was observed by adding frames more than one second away from the predicted transformation, with or without LSTM-based RNNs. Interestingly, with the proposed approach, explicit within-sequence loss that encourages consistency in composing transformations or minimises accumulated error may no longer be required. The implementation code and volunteer data1 will be made publicly available ensuring reproducibility and further research. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Ultrasonics

Locomotion Stability Analysis of Lower Extremity Augmentation Device

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2019年第1期16卷 99-114页

作者： Likun Wang Chaofeng Chen Wei Dong Zhijiang Du Yi Shen Guangyu Zhao State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China School of Astronautics Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China Weapon Equipment Research Institute China Ordnance Industries GroupBeijing 102202China

Stability is of great significance in the theoretical framework of biped ***-time control and walking patterns planning are on the premise that the robot works in the stable *** this paper,we address the crucial issue of the locomotion stability based on the modified Poincare return map and the hybrid *** akin to the traditional stability criteria,i.e.,the Zero Moment Point(ZMP)and the Center of Mass(CoM),the modified Poincare return map is more appropriate for both dynamic walking arid non-periodic ***,a novel high-level reinforcement learning methodology,so-called active PI2 CMA-ES,is proposed in this paper to plan the exoskeleton *** proposed learning methodology demonstrates that the locomotion of the exoskeleton is asymptotically stable according to the modified Poincare return map ***,the proposed learning methodology is tested by the Lower Extremity Augmentation Device(LEAD)and its effectiveness is verified by the experiments.

关键词： biped locomotion dynamic walking Dynamic Movement Primitives (DMP),stability exoskeleton bioinspiration

Controlled Propulsion of Asymmetric Janus Microdimer Swimmers under Rotating Magnetic Fields

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Controlled Propulsion of Asymmetric Janus Microdimer Swimmer...

IEEE Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications (ICIEA)

作者： Shimin Yu Tianlong Li Shaopeng Wu State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China

ISBN: (数字)9781728151694

ISBN: (纸本)9781728151700

Untethered micro-/nanorobots at low Reynolds numbers present significant potential in biomedical applications as result of their enhanced power, remote actuation, and versatility. Herein, a highly efficient asymmetric Janus microdimer swimmer propelled by a rotating uniform magnetic field was investigated experimentally. The asymmetric microdimers can achieve speed of 98 μm·s -1 at 20 Hz and 5 mT. Besides, the controllable and flexible motility performance of microdimer motors can be easily obtained by adjusting the magnetic field. Such an asymmetric Janus microdimer swimmer is highly promising in a variety of realistic micro-/nanoscale scenarios.

关键词： Industrial electronics Navigation Conferences Propulsion Nanoscale devices Trajectory Magnetic fields

Scientific Exploration of Challenging Planetary Analog Environments with a Team of Legged Robots

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Arm, Philip Waibel, Gabriel Preisig, Jan Tuna, Turcan Zhou, Ruyi Bickel, Valentin Ligeza, Gabriela Miki, Takahiro Kehl, Florian Kolvenbach, Hendrik Hutter, Marco Robotic Systems Lab ETH Zurich Zurich Switzerland State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China Laboratory of Hydraulics Hydrology and Glaciology ETH Zurich Zurich Switzerland Center for Space and Habitability University of Bern Bern Switzerland Department of Environmental Sciences University of Basel Basel Switzerland University of Zurich Dübendorf Switzerland Center for Theoretical Astrophysics and Cosmology University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland Institute of Medical Engineering Space Biology Group Lucerne University of Applied Sciences and Art Hergiswil Switzerland

The interest in exploring planetary bodies for scientific investigation and in-situ resource utilization is ever-rising. Yet, many sites of interest are inaccessible to state-of-the-art planetary exploration robots because of the robots’ inability to traverse steep slopes, unstructured terrain, and loose soil. Additionally, current single-robot approaches only allow a limited exploration speed and a single set of skills. Here, we present a team of legged robots with complementary skills for exploration missions in challenging planetary analog environments. We equipped the robots with an efficient locomotion controller, a mapping pipeline for online and post-mission visualization, instance segmentation to highlight scientific targets, and scientific instruments for remote and in-situ investigation. Furthermore, we integrated a robotic arm on one of the robots to enable high-precision measurements. Legged robots can swiftly navigate representative terrains, such as granular slopes beyond 25 degrees, loose soil, and unstructured terrain, highlighting their advantages compared to wheeled rover systems. We successfully verified the approach in analog deployments at the BeyondGravity ExoMars rover testbed, in a quarry in Switzerland, and at the Space Resources Challenge in Luxembourg. Our results show that a team of legged robots with advanced locomotion, perception, and measurement skills, as well as task-level autonomy, can conduct successful, effective missions in a short time. Our approach enables the scientific exploration of planetary target sites that are currently out of human and robotic reach. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Robots

Modeling and Design of Periodic Polygonal Lattices Constructed from Microstructures with Varying Curvatures

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Physical Review Applied 2022年第4期17卷 044032-044032页

作者： Le Dong Dong Wang Jinqiang Wang Chengru Jiang Hui Wang Biao Zhang Mao See Wu Guoying Gu Robotics Institute and State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE) Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi’an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME) Northwestern Polytechnical University 127 West Youyi Road Xi’an 710072 China School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue 639798 Singapore

Lattice structures can exhibit unusual mechanical properties by appropriate design and arrangement of the microstructures, and have already found applications in areas such as tissue engineering, stretchable electronics, and soft robotics. However, the designed microstructures generally follow simple geometric patterns with constant curvatures and theoretical models are developed for each geometry particularly. It lacks a universal method to model and design the periodic lattice constructed from microstructures with varying curvatures. In this paper, we develop a universal approach to design polygonal lattices with a wide range of microstructures with varying curvatures using instant curvature and parametric functions. A finite deformation model is proposed for the microstructures and the corresponding lattices, which considers the wavy or curled microstructure, hierarchical geometry, and large deformation. Experiments and finite-element simulations are conducted to validate the theoretical model. All of Young’s modulus, stretchability, and Poisson’s ratio can be inversely designed using the developed theoretical model. Results show that the stretchability of the highly stretchable lattice can be further increased by more than 4 times using densely curled microstructure. The signs of Poisson’s ratio can also change with the axial strain by rationally designing the microstructures. By combining curve fitting and curvature and parametric functions, the mechanical behaviors of lattices constructed by bioinspired microstructures can also be predicted. The lattice structures are then demonstrated to reinforce a hydrogel with modulus increased by around 2 orders and act as a biomimetic soft-strain sensor. This work could aid the design of a hierarchical lattice and have potential applications in tissue engineering, stretchable electronics, and soft robotics.

关键词： Biomimetic & bio-inspired materials Devices Elastic deformation Flexible electronics Mechanical metamaterials Origami & Kirigami Strain Smart materials

Practical fractional-order variable-gain super-twisting control with application to wafer stages of photolithography systems

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Kuang, Zhian Sun, Liting Gao, Huijun Tomizuka, Masayoshi Research Institute of Intelligent Control and Systems Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin150001 China State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin150001 China Mechanical Control System Lab Mechanical Engineering Department University of California BerkeleyCA94720 United States

In this paper, a practical fractional-order variable-gain super-twisting algorithm (PFVSTA) is proposed to improve the tracking performance of wafer stages for semiconductor manufacturing. Based on the sliding mode control (SMC), the proposed PFVSTA enhances the tracking performance from three aspects: 1) alleviating the chattering phenomenon via super-twisting algorithm and a novel fractional-order sliding surface (FSS) design, 2) improving the dynamics of states on the sliding surface with fast response and small overshoots via the designed novel FSS and 3) compensating for disturbances via variable-gain control law. Based on practical conditions, this paper analyzes the stability of the controller and illustrates the theoretical principle to compensate for the uncertainties caused by accelerations. Moreover, numerical simulations prove the effectiveness of the proposed sliding surface and control scheme, and they are in agreement with the theoretical analysis. Finally, practice-based comparative experiments are conducted. The results show that the proposed PFVSTA can achieve much better tracking performance than the conventional methods from various perspectives. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Sliding mode control