检索结果-内蒙古大学图书馆

Clean air captures attention whereas pollution distracts:evidence from brain activities

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第4期18卷 5-15页

作者： Jianxun Yang Yunqi Liu Berry van den Berg Susie Wang Lele Chen Miaomiao Liu Jun Bi State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the EnvironmentNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology(CICAEET) Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China Nanjing Foreign Language School Nanjing 210008China Department of Experimental Psychology University of GroningenGrote Kruisstraat 2/19712 TSGroningenThe Netherlands Department of Social Psychology University of GroningenGrote Kruisstraat 2/19712 TSGroningenThe Netherlands School of Education Science Nantong UniversityNantong 226019China

Awareness of the adverse impact of air pollution on attention-related performance such as learning and driving is rapidly ***,there is still little known about the underlying neurocognitive *** an adapted dot-probe task paradigm and event-related potential(ERP)technique,we investigated how visual stimuli of air pollution influence the attentional allocation *** were required to make responses to the onset of a target presented at the left or right visual *** probable location of the target was forewarned by a cue(pollution or clean air images),appearing at either the target location(attention-holding trials)or the opposite location(attention-shifting trials).Behavioral measures showed that when cued by pollution images,subjects had higher response accuracy in attention-shifting *** analysis results revealed that after the cue onset,pollution images evoked lower N300 amplitudes,indicating less attentioncapturing effects of dirty *** the target onset,pollution cues were correlated with the higher P300 amplitudes in attention-holding trials but lower amplitudes in attention-shifting *** indicates that after visual exposure to air pollution,people need more neurocognitive resources to maintain attention but less effort to shift attention *** findings provide the first neuroscientific evidence for the distracting effect of air *** conclude with several practical implications and suggest the ERP technique as a promising tool to understand human responses to environmental stressors.

关键词： Air pollution Attention Disengagement Performance Event-related potential

Prediction of free radical reactions toward organic pollutants with easily accessible molecular descriptors

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Chemosphere 2024年 346卷 140660页

作者： Zhang, Guoyang Zhu, Qiang Zheng, Hongcen Zhang, Shujuan Ma, Jing State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of Environment Nanjing University Nanjing210023 China Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing210023 China

Machine learning (ML) is becoming an efficient tool for predicting the fate of aquatic contaminants owing to the preponderance of big data. However, whether ML can "learn" the differences in reactivity among different free radicals has not yet been tested. In this work, the effectiveness of combining ML algorithms with molecular fingerprints to predict the reactivity of three free radicals was evaluated. First, a dataset containing 211 organic pollutants and their respective rate constants with the carbonate radical (CO3•−) was used to develop predictive models using both linear regression and ML methods. The use of topological atomic alignment information, in the form of the molecular access system (MACCS) and Morgan Fingerprint, and the electronic structure features (energy levels of the lowest unoccupied and highest occupied molecular orbitals, ELUMO and EHOMO, and the energy gap between ELUMO and EHOMO) gave satisfactory predictive performances (ML model with Random Forest algorithm with MACCS: RMSEtest = 0.787;linear regression model with energy levels: RMSEtest = 0.641). Additionally, the model interpretation correctly described that the key reactivity features for CO3•− were relatively close to those for SO4•− rather than those for •OH. These results suggest that combination of ML algorithms with easily accessible molecular fingerprints would be a powerful tool to accurately predict the radical reactions towards organic compounds. © 2023

关键词： Forecasting

Evaluation of Best Management Practices for Mitigating Harmful Algal Blooms Risk in an Agricultural Lake Basin Using a Watershed Model Integrated with Bayesian Network Approach

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

SSRN 2024年

作者： Liu, Dingwu Huang, Lei Jia, Ling Wang, Peng Faculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics Jiangsu University Zhenjiang212013 China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the Environment Nanjing University Nanjing210023 China

Lake eutrophication caused by nitrogen and phosphorus has led to frequent harmful algal blooms (HABs), especially under the unknown challenges of climate change, which have seriously damaged human life and property. In this study, a Bayesian Network (BN)-SWAT+ model framework was constructed to elucidate the mechanisms between non-point source nitrogen pollution in agricultural lake watersheds and algal activities. A typical agricultural shallow lake basin, the Taihu Basin (TB), China, was chosen in this study, aiming to investigate the effectiveness of best management practices (BMPs) in controlling HABs risks in TB. By modeling total nitrogen concentration of Taihu Lake from 2007-2022 with four BMPs (filter strips, grassed waterway, fertilizer application reduction and no-till agriculture), the results indicated that fertilizer application reduction proved to be the most effective BMP with 0.107 of Harmful Algal Blooms Probability Reduction (HABs-PR) when reducing 40% of fertilizer, followed by filter strips with 0.01 of HABs-PR when 4815ha of filter strips were conducted, while grassed waterway and no-till agriculture showed no significant effect on preventing HABs. Furthermore, the combined practice between 40% fertilizer application reduction and 4815ha filter strips construction showed synergistic effects with HABs-PR increasing to 0.140. Precipitation and temperature data were distorted to model scenarios of extreme events. As a result, the combined approach outperformed any single BMP in terms of robustness under extreme climates. This research provides a watershed-level perspective on HABs risks mitigation and highlights the strategies to address HABs under the influence of climate change. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Climate change

Insight into Enhanced Bromate Photo-Reduction Over Magnetically Recyclable Fe3o4/Tio2/Bi Composites Under Uv Light Irradiation: Performance, Mechanism and Applications

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

SSRN 2023年

作者： Xu, Ying Ji, Xingli Li, Lei Li, Ping Zhang, Wei Yu, Shuili State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai200092 China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai200092 China

Research on bromate (BrO3-) removal from drinking water has received much attention recently due to its carcinogenic and genotoxicity. In this study, magnetic Fe3O4/TiO2/Bi composites were synthesized by a simple one-pot solvothermal method to degrade BrO3-. Results showed that over 99% of BrO3- could be removed with a 0.2 g/L dosage of Fe3O4/TiO2/Bi-5% composite in 20 min under UV irradiation at an intensity of 2.3 mW/cm-2 and pH of 7.0 and its removal rate (k = 0.214 min–1) was 13.7 times higher than that of pure TiO2 (k = 0.0156 min–1). On the one hand, adding Fe3O4 particles increased the electrical conductivity of the composites and provided a possible way to recover the composites by magnetic attraction. On the other hand, the loading of bismuth (Bi) enhanced the light absorption of the composite. In addition, Bi acted as hole trapping centers to improve the efficiency of carrier separation and consumed holes by oxidizing Bi0 to Bi3+, thus avoiding the use of hole sacrificial agents. The strong photocatalytic activity was well maintained after the fifth cyclic treatment, indicating both good recoverability and high performance of the novel composites. The efficiency of BrO3- removal in tap water was less than that in deionized (DI) water, mainly due to the consumption of photo-generated electrons by coexisting ions and the adsorption of natural organic matter (NOM) on composites. The enhanced photocatalytic activity and magnetic recyclability made Fe3O4/TiO2/Bi composites a promising candidate for BrO3- removal in drinking water. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Titanium dioxide

Diffusion of "Dual Carbon" Policies Among Chinese Cities: A Network Evolution Analysis

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

SSRN 2024年

作者： Wang, Jiaming Jia, Ling Wang, Yiyi Wang, Peng Huang, Lei State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the Environment Nanjing University Nanjing210023 China Faculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics Jiangsu University Zhenjiang212013 China

Numerous regions across China have introduced "dual carbon" policies, yet the response of cities to these policies remains unclear. In this study, we used emission data from 271 Chinese cities for the years 2010, 2015, and 2020 to construct a complex network of urban emissions with a modified gravity model. By modeling the strategic interaction behavior of unban-level response to the policy, we simulated the diffusion process of the "dual carbon" policy among cities through network evolution analysis. It was found that China's carbon emission network primarily comprises four urban agglomerations: Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, and Sichuan-Chongqing. The "dual carbon" policy exhibits a network diffusion effect, with cost-effectiveness serve as a critical factor influencing its spread. And the current low carbon price in China does not provide adequate positive incentives for carbon reduction. Additionally, through counterfactual scenario analysis and an exploration of network structural characteristics, we highlighted the vital role of core cities within urban agglomerations in facilitating efficient policy diffusion. This study offers valuable insights for the selection of pilot cities and the sustainable regional dissemination of policies, providing guidance for more effective policy implementation. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Complex networks

Biogenic palladium prepared by activated sludge microbes for the hexavalent chromium catalytic reduction: Impact of relative biomass

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2020年第2期14卷 151-159页

作者： Luman Zhou Chengyang Wu Yuwei Xie Siqing Xia State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse College of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092China

Palladium,a kind of platinum group metal,owns catalytic capacity for a variety of *** this study,Pd nanoparticles(PdNPs)were generated through enzymatic recovery by microbes of activated sludge at various biomass/Pd,and further used for the Cr(VI)*** results show that biomass had a strong adsorption capacity for Pd(II),which was 17.25 mg Pd/g *** XRD and TEM-EDX results confirmed the existence of PdNPs associated with microbes(bio-Pd).The increase of biomass had little effect on the reduction rate of Pd(II),but it could cause decreasing particle size and shifting location of Pd(0)with the better dispersion degree on the cell *** the Cr(VI)reduction experiments,Cr(VI)was first adsorbed on bio-Pd with hydrogen and then reduced using active hydrogen as electron *** improved the catalytic activity of *** the biomass/Pd(w/w)ratio increased to six or higher,Cr(VI)reduction achieved maximum rate that 50 mg/L of Cr(VI)could be rapidly reduced in one minute.

关键词： Palladium nanoparticles Activated sludge Hexavalent chromium

Long-Term and Multi-Scale Assessment of Enhancing Mechanisms of Methanogenesis in Magnetite Nanoparticle-Mediated Anaerobic Digestion: From Digester Performance, Biochemical Parameters to Microbial Communities

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

SSRN 2024年

作者： Li, Jibin Sun, Desheng Wu, Siqi Yang, Wenlan Xiong, Lei Zhang, Weiming Hua, Ming Pan, Bingcai State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the Environment Nanjing University Nanjing210023 China School of the Environmental Science and Engineering Yangzhou University Yangzhou225000 China

Magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4-NPs) have been demonstrated to be involved in direct interspecies electron transfer between syntrophic bacteria, yet a comprehensive assessment of the ability of Fe3O4-NPs to cope with process instability and volatile fatty acids (VFAs) accumulation in scaled-up anaerobic reactors is still lacking. Here, we investigated the start-up characteristics of an expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) with Fe3O4-NPs as an adjuvant at high organic loading rate (OLR). The results showed that methane production rate of R1 (with Fe3O4-NPs) was approximately 1.65 folds of R0 (control), and effluent COD removal efficiency was maintained at approximately 98.32% upon 20 kg COD/(m3·d) OLR. The components of volatile fatty acids are acetate and propionate, and the rapid scavenging of propionate accumulation was the difference between R1 and the control. The INT-ETS activity of R1 was consistently higher than that of R0 and R2, and the electron transfer efficiencies increased by 68.78% and 131.44%, respectively. Meanwhile, the CV curve analysis showed that the current of R1 was 40% higher than R3 (temporary addition of Fe3O4-NPs ), indicating that multiple electron transfer modes might coexist. High-throughput analysis further revealed that it was difficult to reverse the progressive deterioration of system performance with increasing OLR by simply reconfiguring bacterial community structure and abundance, demonstrating that the Fe3O4-NPs-mediated DIET pathway is a prerequisite for establishing multiple electron transfer systems. This study provides a long-term and multi-scale assessment of the gaining effect of Fe3O4-NPs in anaerobic digestion scale-up devices, and provides technical support for their practical engineering applications. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Magnetite

High Performance of Reduced Graphene Oxideand G-C3n4co-Doped Cufe2o4 for Peroxymonosulfate Activation Under Visible Light: Degradation Process of Sulfamethazine Via a Singlet Oxygen Dominated Pathway

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

SSRN 2023年

作者： Zhou, Jianzhuo Sun, Qiunan Wang, Xuejiang Liu, Yiyang Xia, Siqing Zhao, Jianfu State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai200092 China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai200092 China

Peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation by heterogeneous metal-based catalysts has been extensively applied for the degradation of organic pollutants in water. However, the catalysts suffer from the low oxidant utilization efficiency, pH limitations and severe matrix interference. Here, a reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and g-C3N4co-doped cooper ferrite (rGO-CNCF) was synthesized and its performance for PMS activation under visible light was evaluated for removal of sulfamethazine. In the condition of rGO-CNCF (0.2g/L) and PMS (0.1g/L), the vis/rGO-CNCF/PMS system could degrade 99.9% of sulfamethazine (SMT, 10 mg/L) within 30 min at pH 7.0, and the system also showed high degrading abilty of SMT over a wide pH range (0-14), along with a good adaptability to common coexisting ions in water solution. The introduction of rGO not only enhanced the stability of rGO-CNCF but also changed the binding sites between PMS and rGO-CNCF which reduced the adsorption energy. Singlet oxygen (1O2) was unveiled to be the major reactive oxygen species (ROS), which was produced by the transformation between negatively charged PMS (HSO5-) and water ,along with the self-degradation of PMS. SMT was decomposed through four degradation pathways in this system, and quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) predictions indicated a significant decrease in its toxicity. Results of this study indicated that the material can efficiently activate persulfate for the removal of organic pollutants from water under visible light conditions and it provided a novel catalytic system for removal of organic contaminants in water. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Organic pollutants

Stress resistance enhancing with biochar application and promotion on crop growth

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Biochar 2024年第1期6卷 762-786页

作者： Wenchen Chi Qiong Nan Yuxue Liu Da Dong Yong Qin Shengjie Li Weixiang Wu Institute of Environment Pollution Control and Treatment College of Environment and Resource ScienceZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058People’s Republic of China. State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products Institute of EnvironmentResourceSoil and FertilizersZhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou 310021China. College of Environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang A&F UniversityLin’anHangzhou 311300China. Dept Biogeochem Max Planck Inst Marine Microbiol28359 BremenGermany.

Environmental stressors such as drought,salinity,and heavy metals pose significant obstacles to achieving sustainable food security,necessitating the development of universally applicable and cost-effective solutions to ameliorate soil under ***,an eco-friendly material to increase crop yield,has been researched for almost two decades and has great potential for global use in enhancing stress ***,there hasn’t been comprehensive research on the impact of biochar application on soil properties,and root and crop *** optimize and promote biochar application in agriculture under stress,this study integrates over 100 peer-reviewed articles to explain how biochar promotes crop growth by enhancing soil resistance to ***’s distinctive properties,such as porous structure,alkaline nature,enriched surface functional groups,and nutrient content,are responsible for the following soil environment benefits:improved soil physiochemical properties,increased nutrient cycling,and boosted microbial ***,the research emphasizes that the enhanced stress resistance of biochar optimizes nutrient absorption,alleviates soil pollutants,and thereby enhances overall crop *** study discusses the roles and mechanisms of biochar on soil under stress,as well as the challenges linked to the sustainable and economical implementation of biochar in extreme soil *** review aims to provide a theoretical basis for the widespread and cost-effective use of biochar in improving soil under stresses,thereby enhancing soil health and food security.

关键词： Biochar Crop Soil aggregates Nutrients Stress resistance