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Thermal activation of current in an inhomogeneous Schottky diode with a Gaussian distribution of barrier height

Chinese Physics B 2010年第9期19卷 548-558页

作者：茹国平俞融蒋玉龙阮刚 State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System Department of MicroelectronicsFudan University

This paper investigates the thermal activation behaviour of current in an inhomogeneous Schottky diode with a Gaussian distribution of barrier height by numerical simulation. The analytical Gaussian distribution model predicted that the I-VT curves may intersect with the possibility of the negative thermal activation of current, but may be contradictory to the thermionic emission mechanism in a Schottky diode. It shows that the cause of the unphysical phenomenon is related to the incorrect calculation of current across very low barriers. It proposes that junction voltage Vj, excluding the voltage drop across series resistance from the external bias, is a crucial parameter for correct calculation of the current across very low barriers. For correctly employing the thermionic emission model, Vj needs to be smaller than the barrier height Ф. With proper scheme of series resistance connection where the condition of Vj 〉 Ф is guaranteed, I-V T curves of an inhomogeneous Schottky diode with a Gaussian distribution of barrier height have been simulated, which demonstrate normal thermal activation. Although the calculated results exclude the intersecting possibility of I-V T curves with an assumption of temperature-independent series resistance, it shows that the intersecting is possible when the series resistance has a positive temperature coefficient. Finally, the comparison of our numerical and analytical results indicates that the analytical Gaussian distribution model is valid and accurate in analysing I-V-T curves only for small barrier height inhomogeneity.

关键词： Schottky diode barrier height inhomogeneity I-V-T thermal activation

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Parallel cross-layer optimization of high-level synthesis and physical design 11

Parallel cross-layer optimization of high-level synthesis an...

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Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference

作者： James Williamson Yinghai Lu Li Shang Hai Zhou Xuan Zeng ECEE University of Colorado Boulder USA EECS Northwestern University USA State Key Laboratory of ASIC & System Microelectronics Department Fudan University China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424475162

Integrated circuit (IC) design automation has traditionally followed a hierarchical approach. Modern IC design flow is divided into sequentially-addressed design and optimization layers; each successively finer in design detail and data granularity while increasing in computational complexity. Eventual agreement across the design layers signals design closure. Obtaining design closure is a continual problem, as lack of awareness and interaction between layers often results in multiple design flow iterations. In this work, we propose parallel cross-layer optimization, in which the boundaries between design layers are broken, allowing for a more informed and efficient exploration of the design space. We leverage the heterogeneous parallel computational power in current and upcoming multi-core/many-core computation platforms to suite the heterogeneous characteristics of multiple design layers. Specifically, we unify the highlevel and physical synthesis design layers for parallel cross-layer IC design optimization. In addition, we introduce a massively-parallel GPU floorplanner with local and global convergence test as the proposed physical synthesis design layer. Our results show average performance gains of 11X speed-up over state-of-the-art.

关键词： Graphics processing unit Optimization Kernel Instruction sets Convergence Benchmark testing Parallel processing

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Fluorescence enhancement via single-core liquid waveguides in microfluidic channels

Fluorescence enhancement via single-core liquid waveguides i...

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International Conference on Solid state Sensors and Actuators (TRANSDUCERS)

作者： H. Huang X. M. Ji J. Zhou T. J. Huang Y. P. Huang Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics Pennsylvania State University University Park PA USA ASIC and System State Key Laboratory Department of Microelectronics Fudan University Shanghai China

A single-core liquid waveguide is reported to be used in the fluorescence enhancement. The liquid waveguide consists of the high refractive index liquid core and the low refractive index sheath liquid. The diameter of the liquid core can be tuned by sheath flow, and the liquid waveguide can work in different status of the refractive index profiles by the diffusion of the high refractive index solution. Because of the total internal reflection on the liquid interface and the focusing by the gradient refractive indices, the intensity of the fluorescent light collected inside the liquid core is increased. The fluorescence enhancement by the liquid waveguide is characterized by measuring the intensities from the top and the end of the liquid waveguide by the spectrometer. The result shows that the fluorescence enhancement is successfully achieved in the liquid waveguide by controlling the refractive index profiles of the liquids.

关键词： Liquid waveguides Optical waveguides Fluorescence Fluids Refractive index Optical variables control Optical refraction

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Nanoimprint of ordered ferro/piezoelectric P(VDF-TrFE) nanostructures

Nanoimprint of ordered ferro/piezoelectric P(VDF-TrFE) nanos...

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作者： Fang, Jiang-Rong Shen, Zhen-Kui Yang, Shen Lu, Qian Li, Jinxing Chen, Yi-Fang Liu, Ran State Key Lab of ASIC and System Department of Microelectronics Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China Department of Material Science Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Chilton Didcot Oxfordshire OX11 0QX United Kingdom Micro and Nanotechnology Centre United Kingdom School of Microelectronics Fudan University 220 Handan Road Shanghai China

The next generation of portable computing and communication devices tremendously depend on the technologies that enable the rapid manipulation, caching and high-density non-volatile data storage. The recent development of organic electronics requires high-quality organic memory compatible with other devices, which will eventually lead to the realization of all organic electronic systems. The challenge of the organic electronics application is to find less degradative ways of fabricating ferroelectric polymer nanostructures. In this work, we applied the nanoimprint technique to fabricate ferroelectric poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) [P(VDF-TrFE)] copolymer line and dot nanostructures and compared the ferroelectric properties and domain formation in these two nanostructures. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nanostructures

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Surface modification of porous low-k material by plasma treatment and its application on reducing the damage from sputtering and CMP process

Surface modification of porous low-k material by plasma trea...

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IEEE International Conference on Interconnect Technology

作者： Hai-Sheng Lu Knut Gottfried Nicole Ahner Stefan Schulz Xin-Ping Qu State key Laboratory of ASIC and system Department of microelectronics Fudan University Shanghai China ZfM and Fraunhofer ENAS Technical University of Chemnitz-Zwickau Chemnitz Germany

The influence of CH 4 , H 2 , NH 3 and He plasma on the properties of porous low-k material is studied. It is found that the H 2 , He, NH 3 plasma can cause huge carbon depletion in the porous low-k material, and change the low-k surface from hydrophobic to hydrophilic, which will induce moisture uptake into the low-k material during the CMP process, and results in the increase of the k value and leakage current. The CH 4 plasma can make low-k material more resist against moisture uptake and keep the k value and leakage current of low-k films stable.

关键词： Plasmas Surface treatment Slurries Helium Films Moisture Leakage current

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Modeling and analysis of Rayleigh fading channels using stochastic network calculus

Modeling and analysis of Rayleigh fading channels using stoc...

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IEEE Conference on Wireless Communications and Networking

作者： Huimin She Zhonghai Lu Axel Jantsch Dian Zhou Li-Rong Zheng IPack VINN Excellence Center School of ICT Royal Institute of Technology Sweden State Key Laboratory of ASIC & System Department of Microelectronics Fudan University China

Deterministic network calculus (DNC) is not suitable for deriving performance guarantees for wireless networks due to their inherently random behaviors. In this paper, we develop a method for Quality of Service (QoS) analysis of wireless channels subject to Rayleigh fading based on stochastic network calculus. We provide closed-form stochastic service curve for the Rayleigh fading channel. With this service curve, we derive stochastic delay and backlog bounds. Simulation results verify that the bounds are reasonably tight. Moreover, through numerical experiments, we show the method is not only capable of deriving stochastic performance bounds, but also can provide guidelines for designing transmission strategies in wireless networks.

关键词： Delay Stochastic processes Calculus Signal to noise ratio Simulation Fading Numerical models

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Logic-Based Mega-Bit CuxSiyO emRRAM with Excellent Scalability Down to 22nm Node for post-emFLASH SOC Era

Logic-Based Mega-Bit CuxSiyO emRRAM with Excellent Scalabili...

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IEEE International Memory Workshop (IMW)

作者： Yanliang Wang Lingming Yang Ming Wang Wenjin Luo Ryan Huang Qingtian Zou Jingang Wu Beiyuan Hu Yinyin Lin ASIC and System State Key Laboratory Department Microelectronics Fudan University Shanghai China Technology Research & Development Center Semiconductor Manufacturing International Corporation Shanghai China

Excellent scalability of a novel Cu x Si y O emRRAM down to 22 nm node is demonstrated based on statistical data of 1 Mb test chip for the first time. The integration utilizes the standard logic process and the RRAM size is shrunk by spacer pattern technology. The reset current decreases by 5X from 130nm to 22nm node with maintaining robust data retention (10yrs. @150°C), good resistance distribution (with 10X window @125°C), significant read disturbance immunity (after 1010 cycles @0.5V, 50ns pulse), acceptable fast speed (set 100ns; reset 60us), and competitive cost effectiveness (no dedicated tools). This solution is promising in the advanced logic node for SOC applications of post-emFLASH era.

关键词： Arrays Resistance system-on-a-chip Scalability EPROM Copper

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Performance Analysis of a Two-Way Network-Coded Free Space Optical Relay Scheme over Strong Turbulence Channels

Performance Analysis of a Two-Way Network-Coded Free Space O...

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IEEE Conference on Vehicular Technology (VTC)

作者： Yao Tang Xiaolin Zhou Ziyi Zhang Qiyuan Tian State Key Laboratory of ASIC & System and Department of Communication Science and Engineering Fudan University Shanghai China

In this paper, we consider the design of a network-coded cooperation (NetCC) transmission scheme for free-space optical (FSO) two-way relay networks (TWRN). The achieved network-coded spatial diversity gain can effectively enhance the FSO communication quality over strong turbulence channels. Different from traditional assumption of perfect channel state information (CSI) prior known at destination, we develop an optimal bit detection method based on Bayesian estimate for receiving nodes in the absence of CSI. We then derive the closed-form algorithm for it by taking advantage of Meijer's G-function characterized by gamma-gamma strong turbulence model. Numerical simulations confirm that the proposed NetCC relay scheme has significant BER performance improvement compared with that of direct transmission scheme. In addition, we also investigate the impact of turbulence level with various scintillation indices on the NetCC scheme.

关键词： Relays Bit error rate Network coding Fading Encoding Optical fiber networks

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An interleaver-based atmospheric optical multiple access scheme: Capacity and BER performance

An interleaver-based atmospheric optical multiple access sch...

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International Conference on Space Optical systems and Applications (ICSOS)

作者： Weiwei Zhang Xiaolin Zhou Weijie Shen State Key Laboratory of ASIC & System and Department of Communication Science and Engineering Fudan University Shanghai China

In this paper, a turbo-coded optical interleave-division multiple-access (OIDMA) scheme is studied. A maximum a posteriori (MAP) based asynchronous on-off keying (OOK) MUD algorithm is proposed. Besides, system capacity is analyzed with an iterative technique called SNR evolution. BER is evaluated over log-normal turbulence channels, taking into consideration the effects of thermal noise and background noise. Simulation results show that the proposed OIDMA scheme has good convergence property and low BER performance. Moreover, the related interleaver-based iteration MUD algorithm is quite robust in the asynchronous scenarios.

关键词： Bit error rate Multiuser detection Interference Noise Optical receivers Simulation

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A novel method to fabricate full-kerfed highfrequency (>100 MHz) ultrasonic array transducers

A novel method to fabricate full-kerfed highfrequency (>100 ...

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2011 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium, IUS 2011

作者： Zhang, J.Y. Ji, X.M. Zhou, J. Huang, Y.P. Xu, W.J. Carlier, J. Gao, J.M. Nongaillard, B. ASIC and System State Key Lab. Department of Microelectronics Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China Département Opto-Acousto-Electronique I.E.M.N. Université de Valenciennes Mont Houy BP311 59313 Valenciennes France

ISBN: (纸本)9781457712531

High-frequency ultrasonic transducer arrays are essential for efficient imaging in clinical analysis and nondestructive evaluation (NDE). However, the fabrication of piezoelectric transducers is really a great challenge due to the small features in piezoelectric films. This paper describes a novel technique to fabricate thick-film ZnO ultrasonic array transducers. Piezoelectric elements are formed by sputtering thick-film ZnO onto etched features of a silicon substrate so that the difficult etching process for ZnO films is avoided by etching silicon. This process is simple and efficient. A 13-μm-pitch ZnO sandwich array is achieved with a thickness of 8 μm for 300 MHz. Finite element method is employed to calculate its electrical properties, including electrical impedance and crosstalk. The array is characterized by a network analyzer. The measured results are in good agreement with the theoretical predictions. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Thick films

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