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Techno-economic analysis of fuel cell trucks with different powertrain hybridization and hydrogen resources by 2040: case study of China

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International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2025年 132卷 174-182页

作者： Nan, Long Xu, Feiyang Sui, Pang-Chieh Feng, Yanbiao Hao, Han Li, Shunxi Huang, Feng Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Automotive Components Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Automotive Components Technology and Hubei Research Center for New Energy & Intelligent Connected Vehicle School of Automotive Engineering Wuhan University of Technology Hubei 430070 China Institute for Integrated Energy Systems University of Victoria VictoriaBCV8W 2Y2 Canada School of Mechanical Engineering University of Science & Technology Beijing Beijing100083 China State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

This study conducts a techno-economic analysis of fuel cell electric trucks with different hybridization factors (i.e., the power distribution ratio between batteries and fuel cells) by evaluating their life-cycle carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and total cost of ownership (TCO) from 2020 to 2040. It integrates the energy consumption of trucks with varying hybridization factors under different driving cycles with China's hydrogen production, transportation models, and electric grid structure. Through this analysis, the TCO and emissions of individual trucks are examined across different scenarios. The study reveals that highly hybridized trucks offer advantages in both emissions reduction and cost savings across all hydrogen production and transport pathways. A 67% hybridization factor results in a 5%-9% reduction in emissions and a 34%-46% decrease in TCO compared to the lowest hybridization factor. The energy-saving and emission-reducing effects of highly hybridized fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) also depend on the driving cycle, with optimal performance observed in the Urban Dynamometer Driving Schedule for Heavy-Duty Vehicles (UDDSHDV) cycle, while minimal advantages appear in the China Heavy-Duty Commercial Vehicle Test Cycle for Heavy Trucks (CHTC-HT) cycle. Furthermore, life-cycle emissions of trucks decrease gradually over time for all hydrogen production pathways, with the electrolysis of grid electricity showing the fastest decline. By 2040, trucks powered by hydrogen from grid electricity will have slightly lower emissions than those using coal, while green hydrogen remains the cleanest option. In conclusion, adopting fuel cell trucks with high hybridization factors, powered by green hydrogen, presents significant economic and environmental benefits for the future of transportation. © 2025 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC

关键词： Commercial vehicles

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Effect of rhenium addition on microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti−48Al−2Cr−2Nb alloys

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2025年第2期35卷 474-485页

作者： Sheng-hang XU Jun-jie LAN Meng HAN Hui-bin ZHANG Kai-jie SHEN Jun-pin LIN Hua-zhen CAO Guo-qu ZHENG College of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310014China State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Advanced Materials Additive Manufacturing Innovation Research Center Hangzhou City UniversityHangzhou 310015China State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

The refractory metal rhenium(Re),with content of 0−2 at.%,was introduced into a typicalγ-TiAl alloy of Ti−48Al−2Cr−2Nb(at.%)through vacuum arc *** effect of Re content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of theγ-TiAl alloy was *** results show that theγ-TiAl−xRe alloy is composed ofγ,α2,andβ*** the Re content increases,the proportion ofβphase increases,while the content and size ofα2+γlamellar structure decrease ***,the compressive strength increases with increasing Re content.A maximum compressive strength of 2282 MPa is achieved for theγ-TiAl−2Re ***γ-TiAl−2Re alloy exhibits a fracture strain of 36.7%,considerably higher than that of theγ-TiAl alloy(31.0%).Moreover,compared with theγ-TiAl alloy,the hardness and compressive strength of theγ-TiAl−2Re alloy considerably increase by 17.5%and 34.2%,respectively.

关键词： γ-TiAl alloy rhenium vacuum arc melting lamellar cluster mechanical properties strengthening mechanism

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Enhancing the TRIP Effect by Pre-Ferrite in the Hot Rolled Fe-8Mn-4Ni-3Al-0.1C Steel

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ISIJ International 2025年第4期65卷 571-575页

作者： Zhang, Linfeng Matsugi, Kazuhiro Xu, Zhefeng Choi, Yongbum Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University 1-4-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima739-8527 Japan State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology Yanshan University No. 438 Hebei Street Qin Huangdao066-000 China

As is well known, reconstruction of the initial microstructure before an inter-critical annealing (IA) can optimize the final microstructure as well as improve mechanical performance. In this study, the initial microstructure with "pre-ferrite + martensite" was designed via two-stage cooling in the rolling process. The final microstructure observation showed that bimodal size distributed austenite and double morphologies of austenite. Moreover, lath-shaped austenite existed in the martensitic matrix;blocky austenite occurred at the boundaries of pre-ferrite. According to the numerical simulations of the IA process, blocky austenite tended to be more stable with smaller size and higher Mn concentrations than lath-shaped austenite. The characteristics of austenite were similar at different IA temperatures, but the lower IA temperatures, the smaller size of austenite. An excellent combination of strength (1 308 MPa) and ductility (34%) was obtained at 928 K, which was ascribed to a positive TRIP effect induced by the austenite with a large stability gradient. © 2025 The Iron and Steel Institute of Japan.

关键词： Ductility

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Design,synthesis and biological evaluation of Leu_(10)-teixobactin analogues

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第4期36卷 157-161页

作者： Yanye Fan Jingjing Chen Bichun Chen Jinyu Bai Bowen Yang Feng Liang Lijing Fang The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringWuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081China Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine CAS-HK Joint Lab of BiomaterialsACS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and SystemInstitute of Biomedicine and BiotechnologyShenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology(SIAT)Chinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Sino-Euro Center of Biomedicine and Health Shenzhen 518024China School of Pharmacy Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China

Two thioamino acids and four fiuorinated amino acids were employed to substitute either partially or entirely the Ile_(2),Ser_(3),Ile_(6),and Ser_(7) residues of Leu_(10)-teixobactin to prepare ten analogues and the bioactivity of them was *** SAR studies revealed that Ile_(6) was tolerable for both thioamidation and fiuoridation,while Ser_(7) was identified as the most tolerable site for *** 1a demonstrated comparable or slightly improved antibacterial activity,superior protease stability compared to Leu_(10)-teixobactin,while not exhibiting obvious cytotoxicity against mammalian cells.

关键词： Leu_(10)-teixobactin Thioamidation Fluorination Antibacterial activity Protease stability

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Geometry-Based Stochastic MIMO Channel Model for Near-Field and Far-Field Scenarios of Integrated Sensing and Communications

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IEEE Transactions on Vehicular technology 2025年第5期74卷 6928-6940页

作者： Jin, Yunwei He, Ruisi Ai, Bo Yuan, Yuan Niu, Yong Zhang, Haoxiang Beijing Jiaotong University State Key Laboratory of Advanced Rail Autonomous Operation School of Electronics and Information Engineering Frontiers Science Center for Smart High-speed Railway System Beijing100044 China Ministry of Industry and Information Technology China Academy of Industrial Internet Beijing100804 China

Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) has become a promising technology in current sixth-generation (6G) wireless communications due to its ability to support both communication and sensing. Existing works regarding ISAC channels mainly focus on far-field propagation conditions based on plane wave assumption. However, with the deployment of ultra-massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), the far-field assumption may no longer hold, as the communication and sensing propagation distances distances may be comparable to the array aperture size. To address this issue, we propose a three-dimensional MIMO channel model that simultaneously considers near-field and far-field propagation conditions in ISAC environments. Additionally, we distinguish the communication and sensing propagation environments by employing different effective scatterer distributions. In the model, the sensing channel is divided into target sensing and environmental sensing components, whereas the communication channel is divided into line-of-sight and non-line-of-sight components. The weighted sum of each component in communication and sensing channels results in accurate channel representations. Based on the proposed model, we derive and thoroughly investigate space-time-frequency correlation function, normalized absolute error function, and channel capacity. A key observation is that the channel correlation strongly depends on scatterer distribution. In certain conditions, the sensing channel can effectively capture the behavior of the communication channel. Error function results indicate that the proposed channel model achieves fairly high accuracy in ultra-massive MIMO scenarios. These findings provide essential support for the development of ISAC systems in future 6G wireless communications. © 1967-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Stochastic systems

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Edge-Driven Industrial Computing Power Networks: Digital Twin-Empowered Service Provisioning by Hybrid Soft Actor-Critic

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IEEE Transactions on Vehicular technology 2025年第5期74卷 8095-8109页

作者： Zhang, Long Song, Deng-Ao Zhang, Hongliang Tian, Ni Zhuang, Zirui Niyato, Dusit Han, Zhu Hebei University of Engineering School of Information and Electrical Engineering Handan056038 China Peking University State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks School of Electronics Beijing100871 China Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing100876 China Nanyang Technological University College of Computing and Data Science 639798 Singapore University of Houston Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering HoustonTX77004 United States Kyung Hee University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Seoul446-701 Korea Republic of

With the proliferation of data-intensive industrial applications, the collaboration of computing powers among standalone edge servers is vital to provision such services for smart devices. In this paper, we propose an edge-driven industrial computing power network (CPN) by orchestrating the computing and network resources of edge servers through the centralized resource scheduling and decentralized task computing. However, efficient task offloading and collaborative processing is challenging, which requires higher degrees of network automation and intelligence. Therefore, we incorporate digital twins (DTs) into the edge-driven CPN architecture, where the DTs are created as the digital replicas to assist both the computation offloading and collaborative processing. A joint optimization problem of the computing power assignment, service association, task partition, and transmit power control is formulated for maximizing the system average weighted utility. Due to the temporal-spatial variability of tasks and the resulted dynamic environment, we transform the original problem as a Markov decision process aiming at maximizing the long-term average weighted utility. To efficiently handle the high-dimensional discrete-continuous action space, a hybrid soft actor-critic based deep reinforcement learning algorithm is developed for optimizing the joint design. Simulation results validate the superiority of our proposed algorithm over the benchmarks, showing the significant gains obtained by integrating DTs into the edge-driven CPN. © 1967-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Markov processes

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Joint Signal Adaptive Modulation Recognition and Radio Frequency Fingerprinting Based on Multi-task Learning 14th

Joint Signal Adaptive Modulation Recognition and Radio Freq...

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14th EAI International Conference on Wireless and Satellite Systems, WiSATS 2024

作者： Li, Zhuo He, Zhongqiu Xu, Congan Zhang, Wei Zha, Haoran Wang, Yu Tang, Zeyu Harbin Engineering University Harbin150001 China Naval Aviation University Yantai26400 China Advanced Technology Research institute Beijing institute of Technology Jinan250300 China National Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic SpaceSecurity Sichuan Chengdu610036 China Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications NanJing210003 China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031861956

Radio Frequency Fingerprinting Identification (RFFI) leverages inherent discrepancies in radiation source hardware, which are challenging to mimic and counterfeit. This attribute enhances the security of wireless networks and ensures the protection of data privacy, vital for secure communications. Inherent challenges such as channel fading and frequency drift affect radio signals. This paper explores the synergy between Automatic Modulation Recognition (AMR) and RFFI by employing a multi-label dataset to strategically influence the relationship between signal labels and individual radiation sources. We propose an advanced multi-gate mixture-of-experts convolutional neural network model, the MMOE-CNN-Transformer, which operates within a multi-task soft sharing framework. Our empirical results reveal that this model significantly enhances RFFI classification accuracy, particularly at a 0dB signal-to-noise ratio, outperforming traditional single-task learning (STL) approaches and surpassing the efficacy of hard sharing architectures, exemplified by the Shared-Bottom model. This study underscores the potential of integrating sophisticated neural network architectures in enhancing the robustness and precision of radio frequency identification systems. © ICST Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications engineering 2025.

关键词： Signal to noise ratio

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Revealing atomic strengthening mechanism in CoNiV medium-entropy alloy via machine learning-guided simulations

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Journal of Materials Science and technology 2025年 238卷 66-77页

作者： Li, Wenyue Liu, Xiongjun Liu, Leqing Du, Qing Lin, Deye Chen, Xin He, Dong Wang, Shudao Wu, Yuan Wang, Hui Jiang, Suihe Zhang, Xiaobin Lu, Zhaoping Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing100083 China School of Intelligent Manufacturing and Mechanical Engineering Hunan Institute of Technology Hengyang421002 China School of Materials Science and Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdao266100 China CAEP Software Center for High Performance Numerical Simulation Beijing100088 China Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics Beijing100094 China School of Materials Science and Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian116024 China

High/medium entropy alloys (H/MEAs) have shown unique strengthening behavior and mechanical properties because of the presence of massive local chemical orderings. Nevertheless, dynamic interactions between chemical short-range orders (CSROs) and dislocations, and the underlying atomic strengthening mechanism remain elusive. In this work, we first developed a novel machine learning-embedded atom method (ML-EAM) potential of the CoNiV system, trained on a comprehensive first-principles dataset, which enables accurate and efficient modeling of CSRO formation and dislocation dynamics. Then, we investigated the strengthening mechanisms of CSROs in CoNiV MEA through machine learning-augmented molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Hybrid MD/Monte Carlo simulations reveal that CSRO domains possess an L12 (NiCo)3 V structure, whose size increases with lowering annealing temperatures. These domains significantly enhance strength by impeding dislocation motion through complex energy pathways, increasing depinning forces, and reducing mobility. Moreover, the MD simulations combined with theoretical analysis elucidate the competition between CSRO-assisted strengthening (via antiphase boundary formation) and solid solution weakening (via reduced atomic misfit volume). Phonon-drag effects are also amplified by CSROs, further resisting dislocation glide. Our results demonstrate that L12-CSROs strengthen CoNiV MEA primarily through antiphase boundary and phonon-drag contributions, providing new insights for designing high-performance multi-principal-element alloys via tailoring CSROs. © 2025

关键词： Turing machines

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A universal approach to high-performance thermoelectric module design for power generation (vol 9, 101818, 2025)

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JOULE 2025年第4期9卷

作者： Cheng, Jinxuan Xue, Wenhua Zhang, Tianyu Li, Xiaofang Zhu, Yichen Yin, Li Yao, Honghao Fu, Zixuan Wu, Longzhi Chen, Chen Zhao, Peng Ma, Xiaojing Jiang, Feng Wang, Xiaodong Li, Mingyu Mao, Jun Wang, Yumei Cao, Feng Zhang, Qian School of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute of Materials Genome & Big Data Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen 518055 China Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 100190 China School of Science Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen 518055 China Sauvage Laboratory for Smart Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen 518055 China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China School of Physical Sciences Great Bay University Dongguan 523000 China Institute of Special Environments Physical Sciences Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen 518055 China Beijing Branch of Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan 523808 China

Thermoelectric modules fabricated by traditional welding fall short of achieving optimal conversion efficiencies, primarily due to performance degradation of materials at high temperatures, severe elemental diffusion, and residual thermal stress at the interface. Transient liquid phase bonding enables the realization of joints with high-melting-point compounds at low bonding temperatures, providing a promising solution for achieving "low-temperature bonding and high-temperature service." Owing to the low eutectic point of the solder and high melting points of compounds, we optimize the design of a germanium-telluride-based module at 533 K, which is successfully applied at the hot-side temperature of 773 K. Attributed to high-performance materials and reliable joints, the module realizes a high conversion efficiency of ∼15.1% and remains stable throughout 150 h of service. By adopting the same approach, the low- (Bi2Te3) and high-temperature (half-Heusler) modules are assembled. We provide a promising and general route for the assembly of full-temperature-range thermoelectric devices.

关键词： transient liquid phase bonding thermoelectric module intermetallic compounds GeTe

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Unlocking Spatio-Temporal Flexibility of Data Centers in Multiple Regional Peer-to-Peer Energy Transaction Markets

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IEEE Transactions on Power Systems 2025年

作者： Jin, Tianyu Bai, Linquan Yan, Mingyu Chen, Xinyu Huazhong University of Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology Wuhan430074 China University of North Carolina at Charlotte William States Lee College of Engineering CharlotteNC28223 United States

Recently, the growth of distributed energy resources (DERs) has aroused peer-to-peer (P2P) energy transaction. With abundant flexibility of shifting computational tasks, data centers could participate in the P2P energy transaction market. However, the revenue that one data center receives through participating in regional P2P markets may conflict with that of the whole company owning several geographical data centers. Furthermore, the market clearing would be more complex after considering the latency characteristics of data centers and privacy protection in P2P transactions. This paper proposes an integrated multiple regional P2P energy transaction (MRPET) model, unlocking both the spatial and temporal flexibility of data centers in P2P trading. The detailed models of data centers, especially considering the total delay in processing tasks, are constructed, as well as several operational constraints of prosumers and P2P energy transaction. A two-stage algorithm based on Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM) is proposed for joint clearing of the MRPET markets. The proposed models and algorithm are examined in test systems and the results show that more renewable generation could be locally consumed with the re-dispatch of multiple data centers. Reduced costs are achieved for both the data center company and prosumers. The case study also analyzes the impact of task variation and delay cost on the schedule of data centers and market clearing. © 1969-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Commerce

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