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Robust Watermarking Based on Multi-layer Watermark Feature Fusion

IEEE Transactions on Multimedia 2025年

作者： Wu, Shaowu Lu, Wei Luo, Xiangyang Sun Yat-Sen University School of Computer Science and Engineering Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Information Technology Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Information Security Technology Guangzhou510006 China State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing Henan450002 China

The purpose of robust image watermarking is to embed a watermark into a carrier image in an invisible form and extract the watermark successfully even under noise interference conditions to achieve copyright confirmation and traceability. Although watermarking methods based on deep learning can improve the robustness by adding a noise simulation layer, few theoretical analyses of the codec structure have been conducted. Theoretical explainability is the theoretical basis for developing a network architecture, which plays a guiding role in network development. On the basis of the interpretability of convolutional networks, this paper analyzes the mathematical process of embedding and extracting watermarks in codecs and proposes a novel watermarking framework based on multi-layer watermark feature fusion. Specifically, the encoder can be a convolutional network structure of arbitrary depth, whereas the decoder needs only to adopt its corresponding deconvolution structure. To improve the quality and robustness of the generated watermarked image, the watermark is associated with an arbitrary layer feature space in the decoder. In the decoder, the network quickly converges to each original encoding feature space through the deconvolution structure, thus decoupling the watermark features. Finally, the watermark is extracted via the automatic fusion of multi-layer watermark features. The experimental results show that the proposed method is suitable for few-shot learning, and its invisibility, robustness and generalization performance on multiple datasets are significantly better than those of other advanced methods. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Decoding

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Anomalous ductility-strength synergy occurred after cold rolling in a high Gd content Mg alloy

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材料科学技术（英文版） 2025年第4期207卷 177-190页

作者： Ning Lv Lingyu Zhao Hong Yan Boyu Liu Rongshi Chen Zhiwei Shan Shi-changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang 110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering Shenyang Ligong UniversityShenyang 110159China Shi-changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China Center for Advancing Materials Performance From the Nanoscale(CAMP-Nano)& Hysitron Applied Research Center in China(HARCC) State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of MaterialsXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China Shi-changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China

During cold rolling in magnesium(Mg)alloys,there will always be serious ductility deterioration,which greatly restricts the application of this processing *** this work,ductility-strength synergy oc-curred after cold rolling was carried out on a(0001)fiber textured Mg-17.5Gd-Zr alloy(wt.％).The ductility-strength synergy can be mainly attributed to texture randomization,microstructure refinement,and easier basal slip transfer condition in the twinned ***,the activation of multiple twinning behaviors,i.e.,{10-12},{10-11},and {11-21} twinning,and related twin-twin interaction restrict the formation of strong basal texture and facilitate the texture ***,profuse high-angle grain boundaries form through dislocation-twin interaction,twin-twin interaction,and dislocation inter-action,which promote microstructure ***,the basal slip transfer becomes easier in the twinned grains owing to the activation of multiple twinning behaviors and their ***-tion of {11-21} twinning anddislocations and the<0001>fiber texture which is favorable for multiple twinning activating during cold rolling are considered to be the key roles for microstructure and texture optimization.

关键词： Ductility-strength synergy {11-21} twin Cold rolling Texture Mg alloys

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A Hybrid Flexible Arc Suppression Method for Generator Stator Ground Faults Based on Slot Potential Analysis Unit

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IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion 2025年

作者： Wang, Yikai Tang, Chenxiao Qiao, Jian Dai, Zhihui Wang, Zengping Yin, Xianggen State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources Baoding071000 China Huazhong University of Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology Wuhan430074 China

For generator stator ground faults, the active arc suppression method typically needs the large-capacity inverter, leading to huge size and high cost. Moreover, the existing compensated parameter calculation method based on coil potentials cannot suppress arc at the non-coil connection points. To address these limitations, a hybrid flexible arc suppression method is proposed in this paper. By combining with the arc suppression coil grounding method, only the third harmonic and partial fundamental currents need to be compensated by the active arc suppression device, which significantly reduces the inverter capacity requirement. Instead of the coil potential analysis unit, slot potential analysis unit is used to characterize the winding potential distribution. Analytical equations are formulated to precisely calculate the fundamental and the third-harmonic fault potentials across the entire windings. The calculation results are used to determine the compensated parameters, enabling reliable arc suppression at any fault position within the entire windings. Effectiveness of the proposed method is validated by simulation and experiment. © 1986-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Electric grounding

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Enhanced room-temperature stimulated emission in a WS2-based plasmonic heterostructure

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Optics Letters 2025年第10期50卷 3429-3432页

作者： Yang, Zong-Ru Zhou, Huan-Li Su, Dan Liu, Zhao-Guo Hu, Zhen-Zhi Chen, Ze-Xian Bi, Kai-Yu Song, Yuan-Jun Li, Xiao-Man Wu, Wei-Ping Zhang, Xiao-Yang Zhang, Tong Joint International Research Laboratory of Information Display and Visualization School of Electronic Science and Engineering Southeast University Nanjing210096 China Key Laboratory of Micro-Inertial Instrument and Advanced Navigation Technology Ministry of Education School of Instrument Science and Engineering Southeast University Nanjing210096 China Suzhou Key Laboratory of Metal Nano-Optoelectronic Technology Southeast University Suzhou Campus Jiangsu Suzhou215123 China Laboratory of Thin Film Optics Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai201800 China State Key Laboratory of High Field Laser Physics Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai201800 China

Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) offer tremendous prospects in the field of ultimate nanolasers due to their large exciton binding energies and atomic-scale thickness. The integration of TMDCs and plasmonic systems provides great potential for further miniaturization of device footprints. However, limitations in plasmon–exciton interactions and losses in plasmonic structures have restricted advancements in device performance. This study introduces a heterostructure that combines pretreated WS2 with Au microplate gratings, which provides a low-loss platform that reduces non-radiative recombination. By optimizing the structural parameters, we enhance the coupling between excitons and surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs), effectively improving the coupling strength approximately threefold, which tends toward the strong coupling region. Furthermore, by utilizing the plasmonic bound states in the continuum (BIC), we achieve room-temperature stimulated emission amplification with nanosecond-pulsed pump powers exceeding 2.59 MW/cm2. Our findings provide a practical strategy for developing on-chip coherent light sources based on monolayer two-dimensional (2D) semiconductor–plasmonic structures, offering valuable insights into the interactions between plasmons and excitons. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group. All rights, including for text and data mining (TDM), Artificial Intelligence (AI) training, and similar technologies, are reserved.

关键词： Laser beams

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Coherent polarization beam combining of 16-channel femtosecond fiber lasers

Coherent polarization beam combining of 16-channel femtoseco...

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2024 advanced Fiber Laser Conference, AFL 2024

作者： Zhang, Jiayi Ren, Bo Li, Can Chang, Hongxiang Tang, Zhenqiang Wang, Tao Guo, Kun Xie, Gehui Leng, Jinyong Si, Lei Li, Wenxue Zhou, Pu College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies National University of Defense Technology Changsha410073 China College of Physics & Optoelectronic Engineering Jinan University Guangdong Guangzhou510632 China State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy East China Normal University Shanghai200062 China Nanhu Laser Laboratory National University of Defense Technology Changsha410073 China Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of High Energy Laser Technology National University of Defense Technology Changsha410073 China

ISBN: (数字)9781510688889

ISBN: (纸本)9781510688872

Coherent beam combination (CBC) has been recognized as an effective way to break through the power limitation of single-channel femtosecond fiber lasers. Based on the stochastic parallel gradient descent (SPGD) algorithm and fiber stretcher for phase-locked control, we have achieved efficient filled aperture coherent polarization beam combination of sixteen-channel ultrafast fiber lasers. The combined output average power was 15 W, corresponding to a high combination efficiency of 94%. The phase residue error was estimated to be λ 21 in the closed loop state. In addition, the compressed output pulse duration was 633 fs. It is anticipated that higher power and combining efficiency can be realized by further introducing the beam pointing control for each channel. © 2025 SPIE.

关键词： Fiber lasers

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Dual‑Donor‑Induced Crystallinity Modulation Enables 19.23% Efficiency Organic Solar Cells

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第3期17卷 376-388页

作者： Anhai Liang Yuqing Sun Sein Chung Jiyeong Shin Kangbo Sun Chaofeng Zhu Jingjing Zhao Zhenmin Zhao Yufei Zhong Guangye Zhang Kilwon Cho Zhipeng Kan Center On Nanoenergy Research Institute of Science and Technology for Carbon Peak&NeutralitySchool of Physical Science&TechnologyGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004People’s Republic of China Department of Chemical Engineering Pohang University of Science and TechnologyPohang 37673South Korea College of New Materials and New Energies Shenzhen Technology UniversityShenzhen 518118People’s Republic of China Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Fabrication and Application of Advanced Photovoltaic Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringNingboTech UniversityNingbo 315100People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-Cycle Safety for Composite Structures Nanning 530004People’s Republic of China

Trap-assisted charge recombination is one of the primary limitationsof restricting the performance of organic solar cells. However, effectivelyreducing the presence of traps in the photoactive layer remains ***, wide bandgap polymer donor PTzBI-dF is demonstrated as an effectivemodulator for enhancing the crystallinity of the bulk heterojunction active layerscomposed of D18 derivatives blended with Y6, leading to dense and orderedmolecular packings, and thus, improves photoluminescence quenching *** a result, the photovoltaic devices exhibit reduced trap-assisted charge recombinationlosses, achieving an optimized power conversion efficiency of over 19%.Besides the efficiency enhancement, the devices comprised of PTzBI-dF as athird component simultaneously attain decreased current leakage, improved chargecarrier mobilities, and suppressed bimolecular charge recombination, leading toreduced energy losses. The advanced crystalline structures induced by PTzBI-dFand its characteristics, such as well-aligned energy level, and complementaryabsorption spectra, are ascribed to the promising performance *** findings suggest that donor phase engineering is a feasible approach to tuning the molecular packings in the active layer, providingguidelines for designing effective morphology modulators for high-performance organic solar cells.

关键词： Trap-assisted charge recombination Photoluminescence Miscibility Current leakage Power conversion efficiency

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Bearing Fault Diagnosis Based on Symplectic Geometry Mode Decomposition and Graph Similarity 3rd

Bearing Fault Diagnosis Based on Symplectic Geometry Mode De...

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3rd International Conference on Machine Learning, Cloud Computing and Intelligent Mining, MLCCIM 2024

作者： Zhang, Ye Song, Yating Feng, Tianshi Cai, Guoqiang Beijing Engineering Research Center of Urban Transport Operation Guarantee Beijing University of Technology Beijing100124 China School of Traffic and Transportation State Key Laboratory of Advanced Rail Autonomous Operation Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819624676

Bogie axle box bearings, as critical components of Electric Multiple Units (EMUs), operate in complex environments, resulting in complex signal components. Symplectic Geometry Mode Decomposition (SGMD) demonstrates excellent performance in handling nonstationary signals but lacks effective component selection criteria. To address the challenges in processing nonstationary signals, a unique approach is presented, integrating the Symplectic Geometry Mode Decomposition (SGMD) with Graph Similarity (GS). SGMD breaks down the vibration signal into several Symplectic Geometric Components (SGC). The purpose of introducing GS is to optimize the components of SGMD and select the effective components as the input for subsequent diagnosis. Finally, fault classification is performed using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN). Experimental results demonstrate that SGMD-GS successfully selects the desired component signals. SGMD-GS-CNN achieves a classification accuracy of 94.3% on the CWRU bearing dataset, enabling accurate identification of fault types and severity, thereby demonstrating strong practicality and robustness. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Bogies (railroad rolling stock)

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Ce3+-doped glass scintillator with high density and light yield for imaging application

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Ceramics International 2025年第15期51卷 19780-19786页

作者： Yang, Dong Ge, Kun Ban, Huiyun Yuan, Huiping Qian, Sen Hua, Zhehao Cai, Hua Chen, Danping Han, Jifeng Qiao, Xvsheng Ren, Jing Sun, Xinyuan Tang, Gao Yin, Shenghua Zhang, Minghui Xiao, Jiawen Beijing Glass Research Institute Beijing101111 China Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics Beijing100049 China State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan430070 China China Building Materials Academy Beijing100024 China Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai201800 China Key Lab of Radiation Physics and Technology of MOE Sichuan University Chengdu610065 China Key Laboratory of Rare Earths Ganjiang Innovation Academy Chinese Academy of Sciences Ganzhou341003 China State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials & Department of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Harbin Engineering University Harbin150001 China Department of Physics and Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Special Optoelectronic Artificial Crystal Materials Jinggangshan University Ji'an343009 China College of Materials and Chemistry China Jiliang University Hangzhou310018 China Nuclear Instrument CO. LTD. Beĳing100176 China Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai201899 China College of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing University of Technology Beijing100124 China

A series of Ce3+-doped Gd2O3-GdF3-Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2 glass scintillators (GSCx and GLCx) were successfully synthesized in reducing atmosphere for future imaging application. The transmittance of GSCx glasses exceeds 85 % in range of 500–800 nm, and the cut-off edge red shifts as the Ce3+ concentration increases. In photoluminescence (PL), GSCx glass scintillators have a 360–600 nm broadband emission with a shoulder peak at around 450 nm. Meanwhile, the PL lifetime of GSCx glasses is close to the CeF3 crystals, and the PL QY of GSC3 glass scintillator reaches up 70.2 %. For scintillation application, the integral XEL intensity of GSC2 and GSC3 glasses is 31.3 % and 24.4 % of that of BGO crystal. GLC2 and GLC3 glasses exhibit similar spatial resolution of approximately 7 lp·mm−1. Moreover, the light yields of GSC2 and GSC3 glass scintillator are 1702 and 1690 ph/MeV excited by γ-ray, respectively. The nonproportionality of GSCx glasses is less than 3 % in the range of 100–1400 keV due to the large density and Zeff. As Ce3+ concentration increases, both the fast and slow components of the glasses decrease (103.7 ns–89.7 ns, 1454.4 ns–1012.8 ns), and the proportion of fast component also increased from 3.3 % to 4.7 %. For γ-ray imaging, the scintillation light events of the glass can be observed from SiPM array, and the central position (−2, −1) have the highest count rate of the system. The results show that GSCx and GLCx glass scintillators deserve further development for future applications. © 2025

关键词： Gamma rays

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Review of One-shot Drilling on Carbon Fiber-reinforced Thermosetting Composite and Metal Stacks

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Jixie Gongcheng Xuebao/Journal of Mechanical engineering 2025年第7期61卷 1-23页

作者： Zhao, Meng Fu, Rao Wang, Fuji Zhao, Hongwei Li, En Du, Changlin School of Mechanical of Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian116024 China State Key Laboratory of High-performance Precision Manufacturing Dalian University of Technology Dalian116024 China Key Laboratory of High-performance Manufacturing for Advanced Composite Materials Dalian University of Technology Dalian116024 China

Carbon fiber-reinforced thermosetting composite ("thermoset composite")/metal stack represents a prevalent structural format in high-end equipment, with one-shot drilling emerging as a pivotal aspect for achieving seamless connection and assembly of these stacks. However, the stark differences in their physicochemical properties often lead to frequent drilling-induced damages, posing a challenge to meeting the pressing demands of the engineering sector. Consequently, the pursuit of high-quality and efficient one-shot drilling technology for thermoset composite/metal stacks has garnered significant attention in recent years, prompting extensive and valuable research endeavors from both academic and engineering circles. This study comprehensively reviews the latest advancements in one-shot drilling technology for stacks, encapsulating four key aspects: the co-cutting removal behavior of the interface region, drilling force, heat generation, and chip behavior, low-damage drilling bits, and low-damage drilling processes. Firstly, the research progression of the co-cutting removal behavior at both macro and micro cutting levels are discussed, detailing the interface region's characteristics. Secondly, the evolution and variation patterns of thrust force, drilling temperature, and chip formation during the one-shot drilling process of stacks are analyzed. Subsequently, the historical development of low-damage one-shot drilling tools for stacks is summarized and the influence mechanisms of drilling process parameters, as well as the effects of cooling and vibration assistance, on hole quality, are elucidated. Lastly, the future trajectory and challenges facing cutting theories, drilling technologies, and process equipment for CFRP/metal stacks are discussed. © 2025 Chinese Mechanical engineering Society. All rights reserved.

关键词： Bits

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External physical field-responsive nanocomposite hydrogels for wound healing applications

Advanced Nanocomposites

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advanced Nanocomposites 2025年 2卷 32-58页

作者： Along Han Chao Liu Qingyuan Wu Ziyang Gong Mengqi Liu Bolong Xu Xin Su Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites Bionanomaterials & Translational Engineering Laboratory Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China

Hydrogels, as hydrophilic polymers with intricate 3D network structures, exhibit remarkable properties such as adhesion and moisture retention, promising broad applications in wound healing. However, the functionality of a single-component hydrogel system remains relatively simplistic, hindering the advancement towards the spatially and temporally controllable functionality of wound dressings. The incorporation of external physical field-responsive nanomaterials (EPFR-NMs) as composite components offers a viable pathway to modify hydrogels, and the strategies of integrating nanoparticles with hydrogels to create functional external physical field-responsive nanocomposite hydrogels (EPFR-NHs) have garnered significant interest among researchers. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the classification and acting mechanisms of EPFR-NMs, along with design strategies for their integration with hydrogels. Furthermore, we examine the detailed roles and mechanisms of EPFR-NHs in facilitating wound healing at various stages, providing direction and guiding principles for the design and clinical application of EPFR-NHs.

关键词： Nanocomposite Hydrogels Mechanism of External Physical Field-Response Wound Healing Application

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