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Charge regulation by ferromagnetic metal/LiF spin-polarized interface for high-performance Li metal anodes

Rare Metals 2024年第3期43卷 995-1005页

作者： Ming-Yang Feng Shuang Zhou Yi-Fang Zhang Ya-Ping Wang Chun-Yan Fu Jian-Wen Li Yuan-Lang Wan Zhi-Jia Zhang Yong Jiang An-Qiang Pan State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy School of Materials Science and EngineeringCentral South UniversityChangsha410083China State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Fibers and Energy StorageSchool of Material Science and EngineeringTiangong UniversityTianjin300387China School of Materials Science and Engineering Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin300130China

The interfacial characteristics of the Li metal anode(LMA)play a crucial role in its overall *** various materials being applied to modify the interface,a comprehensive understanding of their specific mechanisms remains to be ***,we have prepared carbon cloth(CC)frameworks with their surfaces modified using ferromagnetic metal/LiF heterogeneous films(T^(M)-LiF-CC)as the substrate for LMA,which exhibit superior electrochemical *** ferromagnetic Co as a representative example,our study demonstrates that the enhanced performance of Co-LiF-CC,compared to bare CC,is attributed to the spinpolarized interface contributed by the Co/LiF *** and LiF play individual roles in redistributing electrons and Li^(+)to promote homogeneous Li *** nanoparticles play a crucial role in generating strong surface capacitance by storing electrons in spin-split bands,while LiF,with low surface diffusion barriers,ensures fast transportation of Li^(+).The Co-LiF-CC@Li electrodes deliver long lives of 7400 and 3600 h at 1 and 2 mA·cm^(-2)in symmetric cells,respectively;moreover,they enable full batteries with high and durable capacities,particularly when the N/P ratios are low(3.3 or even 1.7).

关键词： Lithium metal anode Interfacial charge Ferromagnetic metal Lithium fluoride Spin polarization

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In situ observation of the electrochemical behavior of Li–CO_(2)/O_(2)batteries in an environmental transmission electron microscope

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Carbon Energy 2024年第4期6卷 244-255页

作者： Peng Jia Yunna Guo Dongliang Chen Jingming Yao Xuedong Zhang Jianguo Lu Yuqing Qiao Liqiang Zhang Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry College of Environmental and Chemical EngineeringYanshan UniversityQinhuangdaoChina State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology Clean Nano Energy CenterYanshan UniversityQinhuangdaoChina State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials and Application Technology of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and EngineeringXiangtan UniversityXiangtanChina

Li–CO_(2)/O_(2)batteries,a promising energy storage technology,not only provide ultrahigh discharge capacity but also capture CO_(2)and turn it into renewable *** electrochemical reaction pathways'ambiguity,however,creates a hurdle for their practical *** study used copper selenide(CuSe)nanosheets as the air cathode medium in an environmental transmission electron microscope to in situ study Li–CO_(2)/O_(2)(mix CO_(2)as well as O_(2)at a volume ratio of 1:1)and Li–O_(2)batteries as well as Li–CO_(2)*** discharge reactions take place successively in the Li–CO_(2)/O_(2)–CuSe nanobattery:(I)4Li^(+)+O_(2)+4e^(−)→2Li_(2)O;(II)Li_(2)O+CO_(2)→Li_(2)CO_(3).The charge reaction proceeded via(III)2Li_(2)CO_(3)→4Li^(+)+2CO_(2)+O_(2)+4e^(−).However,Li–O_(2)and Li–CO_(2)nanobatteries showed poor cycling stability,suggesting the difficulty in the direct decomposition of the discharge *** fluctuations of the Li–CO_(2)/O_(2)battery's electrochemistry were also shown to depend heavily on O_(2).The CuSe‐based Li–CO_(2)/O_(2)battery showed exceptional electrochemical *** Li^–CO_(2)/O_(2)battery offered a discharge capacity apex of 15,492 mAh g^(−1) and stable cycling 60 times at 100 mA g^(−1).Our research offers crucial insight into the electrochemical behavior of Li–CO_(2)/O_(2),Li–O_(2),and Li–CO_(2)nanobatteries,which may help the creation of high‐performance Li–CO_(2)/O_(2)batteries for energy storage applications.

关键词： CuSe nanosheets electrochemical reaction in situ environmental transmission electron microscopy Li-CO_(2)battery Li-CO_(2)/O_(2)battery Li-O_(2)battery

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Characterization and degradation of β-Sn particles in thermal aged Pb-rich solder joint for low-temperature co-fired ceramic(LTCC)applications

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Rare Metals 2024年第10期43卷 5346-5361页

作者： Jin-Hong Liu Zhe Zhu Qiang-Qiang Nie Jun-Fu Liu Peng He Shu-Ye Zhang State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China Anhui Key Laboratory of Microsystem East China Research Institute of MicroelectronicsHefei 230088China School of Materials Science and Engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China

High-lead solder joints are still playing an indispensable role in military and space ***,in-depth characterization of high-lead solder joints and the underlying degradation mechanisms remain *** research first performed aging tests on Sn10Pb90 solder joints,the shear strength at room and elevated temperatures gradually reduced,and the resistance ***,a two-layered Ni-Sn intermetallic compound(IMC)structure was identified using transmission electron microscopy(TEM),which could be attributed to the change of Sn content in the ***,the internal annealing twin of a Sn particle was discovered,which could be attributed to creeping induced by thermal expansion coefficient(CTE)difference between Sn and *** analysis of partial and whole annealing twins was conducted through high-resolution TEM(HRTEM).Finally,four degradation mechanisms were *** of the IMC layer would result in increased brittleness and *** particle coarsening,apart from diminishing the ductility and toughness of the solder joint,it would also accelerate the creeping rate by weakening the phase boundary *** voids and cracks induced by phase boundary sliding,wedgeshaped cracking and pore-shaped cracking were discovered and their formation was *** importantly,the consumption of Sn resulted in a depletion of wettable layer,leading to the formation of Pb streams and isolated IMC islands,also known as the spalling and delamination of *** diffusion followed a spiral path,which was mutually influenced by orientation misfit and concentration gradient.A technique to prevent cracking was *** research is expected to provide significant technical references for high-lead solder joints.

关键词： High-lead solder joints Aging TEM characterization Degradation mechanisms Properties

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Effect of Ni interlayer on microstructures and mechanical properties of 2205 duplex stainless steel joint by laser oscillating welding

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第10期31卷 2463-2474页

作者： Jing-wei Yang Xu-yang Liu Tao Li Lai-cai Chen Kai Yang Zong-ye Ding Jie Zhang Jian Qiao School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation Foshan UniversityFoshan528000GuangdongChina Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology of the Ministry of Education Guizhou UniversityGuiyang550025GuizhouChina State Key Laboratory of Advanced Brazing Filler Metals&Technology Zhengzhou Research Institute of Mechanical Engineering Co.Ltd.Zhengzhou450001HenanChina China National United Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Bearing Tribology Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang471023HenanChina School of Mechanical Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China

Laser oscillating welding of 2205 duplex stainless steel was performed using Ni interlayer as filler *** influence of stirring effect caused by laser oscillating and Ni addition in the behavior of molten pool and the microstructure evolution was *** results shows that Ni addition decreased the ratio of chromium equivalent and nickel equivalent in the molten pool and accelerated the austenitic *** austenite/ferrite ratio was regulated,and the precipitation of nitrides was suppressed in the weld *** stirring effect caused by the oscillating beam facilitated the uniform distribution of Ni elements within the molten pool,promoting the formation of the homogeneous microstructures in the weld *** increasing the thickness of Ni interlayer,both the dimension and the peak temperature of molten pool decrease,further increasing the cooling rate and refining the grain *** the thickness of Ni interlayer was 50μm,the austenite/ferrite ratio in the weld seam was close to 1:1,and the grain size reached the minimum *** tensile strength and ductility of the welded joint using Ni interlayer with thickness were 774 MPa and 25%,respectively,significantly improving the mechanical properties of 2205 duplex stainless steel joint welded without Ni addition.

关键词： 2205 duplex stainless steel Ni interlayer Laser welding Microstructure Mechanical property

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Electrostatic Interference Suppression Method for Magnetic Flux Measurement in the Formation Area of HFRC Device 11th

Electrostatic Interference Suppression Method for Magnetic F...

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11th Frontier Academic Forum of Electrical engineering, FAFEE 2024

作者： Zhang, Yujun Chen, Zhipeng Rao, Bo Yang, Yong Li, Zhuolong Zhao, Yanhao Wang, Liye State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology International Joint Research Laboratory of Magnetic Confinement Fusion and Plasma Physics School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819788231

This paper proposes a comprehensive solution to address the interference challenges encountered during magnetic flux loop measurement of flux in Field-Reversed Configuration fusion devices. The high-frequency magnetic field generated by the high voltage discharge coil induces a high voltage in the magnetic flux loop circuit. However, the accompanying electrostatic interference significantly affects the measurement accuracy of magnetic flux. Although traditional isolation, shielding, and grounding techniques can mitigate electrostatic interference to some extent, their implementation is challenging, and they have stringent requirements for the grounding system. In view of this, this study added an electrostatic shielding layer between the magnetic flux loop and the discharge coil. Experimental results show that this measure effectively suppresses electrostatic interference. Simultaneously, this study utilizes a differential measurement method to further reduce electrostatic interference. Experiments show that the flux loop can accurately reflect the flux value, and the correlation coefficient between the measured flux and the theoretical value is 0.935. These improvements not only significantly enhance the accuracy and reliability of magnetic flux measurements but also provide more precise data support for magnetic diagostics research and experiments in Field-Reversed Configuration fusion devices. © Beijing Paike Culture Commu. Co., Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Magnetic shielding

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Characterization of Lorentz Force Distribution in electromagnetic Repulsion Mechanism of Multiple Parallel Circuit Breakers 7

Characterization of Lorentz Force Distribution in Electromag...

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7th IEEE Conference on Energy Internet and Energy System Integration, EI2 2023

作者： He, Yinghui Chen, Lixue Yuan, Zhao Xu, Shengqin Sun, Likang Zou, Xinyang School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology Key Laboratory of Pulsed Power Technology Ministry of Education Wuhan China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350345094

In order to meet the requirements of parallel circuit breaker opening rapidity and synchronization, a new structure of electromagnetic repulsion mechanism (EMRM) is proposed in this paper. A three-dimensional transient flexible body model of the mechanism was built in COMSOL. Simulation results show that the EMRM can reach the rated opening distance of 20mm in 4.86ms, and the maximum stress during the motion is 246MPa. There is vibration in the motion process due to the uneven distribution of Lorentz force, and the vibration is periodic. The maximum stress is related to the vibration characteristics. Through theoretical derivation and simulation analysis, an analytical formula describing the relationship between the Lorentz force distribution and structural parameters is proposed in this paper. Error between the formula results and the simulation results is less than 4.5%. The analytical formula can be applied to parameter design. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Electric circuit breakers

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Contact Pressure Calculation Based on Vacuum Contact Materials and Operating Conditions 7

Contact Pressure Calculation Based on Vacuum Contact Materia...

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7th IEEE Conference on Energy Internet and Energy System Integration, EI2 2023

作者： Xu, Shengqin Chen, Lixue Yuan, Zhao He, Yinghui Zou, Xinyang Sun, Likang School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology Key Laboratory of Pulsed Power Technology Ministry of Education Wuhan China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350345094

Pressure of vacuum circuit breaker contacts should meet the requirements of contact resistance, and inhibit contact bounce when short-circuit current is flowing. However, the value of contact pressure is often obtained empirically. This paper analyzes the worst electrical contact conditions based on the contact resistance of the electrical contact surfaces, and propose a method to calculate the contact pressure based on contact material, radius and short-time current withstand, which is based on the melting of the conductive spots. Finally, hrough the comparison of several sets of working conditions, it is verified that the calculation method is effective. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Contact resistance

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Self-Powered Piezo-Supercapacitors Based on ZnO@Mo-Fe-MnO_(2)Nanoarrays

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第4期7卷 304-314页

作者： Luo Sun Zhiguo Ye Xinyuan Peng Shaojie Zhuang Duosheng Li Zhong Jin School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanchang Hangkong University696#FengHeNan RoadNanchang 330063China State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry MOE Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic ChemistryMOE Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and TechnologyJiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic MaterialsSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

The development of self-charging supercapacitor power cells(SCSPCs)has profound implications for smart electronic devices used in different ***,we epitaxially electrodeposited Mo-and Fe-codoped MnO_(2)films on piezoelectric ZnO nanoarrays(NAs)grown on the flexible carbon cloth(denoted ZnO@Mo-Fe-MnO_(2)NAs).A self-charging supercapacitor power cell device was assembled with the Mo-and Fe-codoped MnO_(2)nanoarray electrode and poly(vinylidenefluoride-co-trifluoroethylene)(PVDF-Trfe)piezoelectric film doped with BaTiO_(3)(BTO)and carbon nanotubes(CNTs)(denoted PVDF-Trfe/CNTs/BTO).The self-charging supercapacitor power cell device exhibited an energy density of 30μWh cm^(-2)with a high power density of 40 mW cm^(-2)and delivered an excellent self-charging performance of 363 mV(10 N)driven by both the piezoelectric ZnO nanoarrays and the poly(vinylidenefluoride-co-trifluoroethylene)piezoelectric film doped with BaTiO_(3)and carbon *** intriguingly,the device could also be self-charged by 184 mV due to residual stress alone and showed excellent energy conversion efficiency and low self-discharge *** work illustrates for the first time the self-charging mechanism involving electrolyte ion migration driven by both electrodes and films.A comprehensive analysis strongly confirmed the important contribution of the piezoelectric ZnO nanoarrays in the self-charging process of the self-charging supercapacitor power cell *** work provides novel directions and insights for the development of selfcharging supercapacitor power cells.

关键词： MnO_(2) piezoelectric self-charging supercapacitors ZnO nanoarray

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In situ construction of Cu(Ⅰ)-Cu(Ⅱ) pairs for efficient electrocatalytic nitrate reduction reaction to ammonia

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 106-113页

作者： Muyun Zheng Yuchi Wan Leping Yang Shen Ao Wangyang Fu Zhengjun Zhang Zheng-Hong Huang Tao Ling Feiyu Kang Ruitao Lv State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing School of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Institute of New Energy Materials and Engineering School of Materials Science and EngineeringFuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108FujianChina Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials(MOE) School of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Key Laboratory for Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of Education Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

Electrocatalytic nitrate reduction reaction (NO_(3)-RR) to ammonia under ambient conditions is expected to be a green process for ammonia synthesis and alleviate water pollution *** report a CuO nanoparticles incorporated on nitrogen-doped porous carbon (CuO@NC) catalyst for NO_(3)-*** of Cu(Ⅱ) is reduced to Cu(Ⅰ) during the NO_(3)-RR process to construct Cu(Ⅰ)-Cu(Ⅱ) pairs,confirmed by in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman *** functional theory (DFT) calculations indicated that the formation of Cu(Ⅰ) could provide a reaction path with smaller energy barrier for NO_(3)-RR,while Cu(Ⅱ) effectively suppressed the competition of hydrogen evolution reaction (HER).As a result,CuO@NC catalyst achieved a Faradaic efficiency of 84.2% at -0.49 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE),and a NH_(3)yield rate of 17.2 mg h^(-1)mg^(-1)*** -0.79 V ***,higher than the HaberBosch process (<3.4 g h^(-1)g^(-1)cat.).This work may open a new avenue for effective NO_(3)-RR by modulating oxidation states.

关键词： Ammonia synthesis Cu oxidation state Electrochemistry Nitrate reduction In situ XPS

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Design and fabrication of bipolar plates for PEM water electrolyser

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Journal of Materials Science & technology 2023年第15期146卷 19-41页

作者： Xiejing Luo Chenhao Ren Jie Song Hong Luo Kui Xiao Dawei Zhang Junjie Hao Zhanfeng Deng Chaofang Dong Xiaogang Li Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering Key Laboratory for Corrosion and Protection(MOE)Beijing 100083China Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Power Transmission Technology State Grid Smart Grid Research Institute Co.Ltd.Beijing 102209China

Hydrogen energy,whether in generation plants or utilization facilities,plays a decisive role in the mission to achieve net-zero greenhouse gas emissions,all to minimize *** growing demand for clean energy carrier steadily accelerates the development of hydrogen production processes,and therein proton exchange membrane(PEM)water electrolysis is deemed a promising long-term strategy for hydrogen preparation and *** review retrospects recent developments and applications of bipolar plates(BPs)as key components in PEM fuel cells and water *** main content includes multifaceted challenges in the R&D or fabrication of BPs and potential future trends have also been *** details cover the BPs matrix(metallic materials and carbon composites)and the surface coating types(metal and compound coatings,carbon-based coatings,and polymer coatings),as well as the influence of flow field design for mass ***-term development and feasible researches of BPs are *** in the following aspects:(1)Structural and functional integration of components,such as material fabrication and flow field geometry optimization using 3D printing technology;(2)Introduction of environment-friendly renewable energy for hydrogen production;(3)Research on hydrogen energy reversible systems;(4)Composition optimization of surface coatings based on computational materials science and(5)systematic design expected to evolve into the next generation of BPs.

关键词： PEM water electrolyser Bipolar plates Corrosion Coatings Interfacial contact resistance

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