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Development of electromagnetic pellet injector for disruption mitigation of tokamak plasma

Chinese Physics B 2023年第7期32卷 29-36页

作者：李峰陈忠勇夏胜国严伟张维康唐俊辉李由钟昱方建港刘凡溪邹癸南喻寅龙聂子森江中和王能超丁永华潘垣 J-TEXT team International Joint Research Laboratory of Magnetic Confinement Fusion and Plasma Physics State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and TechnologySchool of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Key Laboratory of Pulsed Power Technology Ministry of Education Huazhong University of Science and Technology School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

Disruption remains to be a serious threat to large tokamaks like the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor(ITER).The injection speed of disruption mitigation systems(DMS)driven by high pressure gas is limited by the sound speed of the propellant *** extrapolating to ITER-like tokamaks,long overall reaction duration and shallow penetration depth due to low injection speed make it stricter for plasma control system to predict the impending *** disruptions with a short warning time may be ***,a fast time response and high injection speed DMS is essential for large scale *** electromagnetic pellet-injection(EMPI)system is a novel massive material injection system aiming to provide rapid and effective disruption *** on the railgun concept,EMPI can accelerate the payload to over 1000 m/s and shorten the overall reaction time to a few *** verify the injection ability and stability of the EMPI,the prototype injector EMPI-1 has been designed and *** preliminary test has been carried out using a 5.9 g armature to propel a dummy pellet and the results suggest that the EMPI configuration has a great potential to be the DMS of the large scale fusion devices.

关键词： tokamak disruption mitigation system electromagnetic pellet-injection(EMPI)

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Hydrothermal synthesis of polyimide-linked covalent organic frameworks towards ultrafast and stable cathodic sodium storage

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第4期67卷 1300-1310页

作者： Xiya Yang Lei Gong Zhixin Liu Qianjun Zhi Baoqiu Yu Xin Chen Kang Wang Xiaofeng Li Dongdong Qi Jianzhuang Jiang Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline MaterialsDepartment of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSchool of Chemistry and Biological EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites College of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China

Redox-active organic materials are capturing growing attention as cathode materials for sustainable alkaline metal ion ***,the storage of Na+in most organic materials-based cathodes is plagued by low capacity and unsatisfying rate performance due to their low active site densities and limited exposed active ***,two polyimide-linked covalent organic frameworks(COFs),namely HATN-PD-COF and HATN-TAB-COF,were fabricated from hydrothermal synthesis with redoxactive triphenylene-2,3,6,7,10,11-hexacarboxylic acid and aromatic amines as starting *** X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy analysis indicate the high crystalline nature of these COFs with AA stacking configuration and orderly mesoporous tunnel.N_(2) sorption measurement discloses the permanent porosity of these two COFs with a Brunauer-EmmettTeller surface area of 1,065-1,200 m^(2)g^(-1)and a large pore size of 2.0-3.1 *** intermittent titration technique and density functional theory calculations reveal the facile Na+ion diffusion along the mesoporous tunnel of these COFs with a small energy barrier of 0.13-0.40 e *** particular,the as-prepared COFs based-cathodes show ultrafast and stable Na+storage associated with their conjugated electronic structure,highly ordered mesoporous tunnel,robust structure,and redox-active C=N/C=O-rich framework as exemplified by the high reversible capacity of 210 m A h g^(-1)at 200 m A g^(-1),record-high rate performance(195 m A h g^(-1)at a high current density of 10,000 m A g^(-1))among organic electrodes and the capacity retention of nearly 91%at 10,000 m A g^(-1)after 7,000 cycles for HATN-PD-COF.

关键词： covalent organic framework sodium ion battery cathode high rate organic electrode

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Bioactive citrate-based polyurethane tissue adhesive for fast sealing and promoted wound healing

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2024年第1期3卷 69-81页

作者： Yan Li Jiawei Liu Chenxi Lian He Yang Mingjiang Zhang Youfa Wang Honglian Dai State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Biomedical Materials and Engineering Research Center of Hubei ProvinceWuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China Chaozhou Branch of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory Chaozhou 521000China Shenzhen Research Institute of Wuhan University of Technology Shenzhen 518000China

As a superior alternative to sutures,tissue adhesives have been developed significantly in recent ***,existing tissue adhesives struggle to form fast and stable adhesion between tissue interfaces,bond weakly in wet environments and lack *** this study,a degradable and bioactive citrate-based polyurethane adhesive is constructed to achieve rapid and strong tissue *** hydrophobic layer was created with polycaprolactone to overcome the bonding failure between tissue and adhesion layer in wet environments,which can effectively improve the wet bonding *** citrate-based polyurethane adhesive provides rapid,non-invasive,liquid-tight and seamless closure of skin incisions,overcoming the limitations of sutures and commercial tissue *** addition,it exhibits biocompatibility,biodegradability and hemostatic *** degradation product citrate could promote the process of angiogenesis and accelerate wound *** study provides a novel approach to the development of a fast-adhering wet tissue adhesive and provides a valuable contribution to the development of polyurethane-based tissue adhesives.

关键词： tissue adhesive polyurethane citrate wet adhesion

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Challenges and strategies of formulating low-temperature electrolytes in lithium-ion batteries

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Interdisciplinary Materials 2023年第2期2卷 308-336页

作者： Mingsheng Qin Ziqi Zeng Shijie Cheng Jia Xie State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die&Mould Technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina

Lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)have monopolized energy storage markets in modern *** reliable operation of LIBs at cold condition(<0°C),nevertheless,is inevitably hampered by the sluggish kinetics and parasite reactions,which falls behind the increasing demands for portable electronics and electric *** electrolyte controls both Li+transport and interfacial reaction,dictating the low-temperature performance ***,the rational formulation of electrolytes is significant for realizing superior lowtemperature performance and broadening application niches of ***,we first discuss the kinetic limitations of low-temperature LIBs,highlighting the importance of electrolyte structure and interfacial ***,the advancements for formulating subzero-temperature electrolyte are summarized with in-depth discussions about electrolyte formulation,solvation structure,interfacial chemistry,and low-temperature ***,some opportunities for lithium metal batteries and the corresponding lowtemperature electrolyte are ***,the major challenges and future perspectives are outlined for low-temperature LIBs.

关键词： electrolyte lithium-ion batteries low temperatures solvation structures

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Surface-functionalized design of blood-contacting biomaterials for preventing coagulation and promoting hemostasis

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Friction 2023年第8期11卷 1371-1394页

作者： Yi WANG Weijie ZHAI Shujie CHENG Jinghua LI Hongyu ZHANG State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment Department of Mechanical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Basic Research Key Laboratory of General Surgery for Digital Medicine Affiliated Hospital of Hebei UniversityBaoding 071000China Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology Faculty of Materials and ManufacturingBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China

The anticoagulation and hemostatic properties of blood-contacting materials are opposite lines of research, but their realization mechanisms are inspired by each other. Contact between blood and implantable biomaterials is a classic problem in tribological research, as both antithrombotic and hemostatic materials are closely associated with this problem. Thrombus formation on the surfaces of blood-contacting biomedical devices can detrimentally affect their performance and patient life, so specific surface functionalization is required. Currently, intensive research has focused on the development of super-lubricated or super-hydrophobic coatings, as well as coatings that deliver antithrombotic drugs. In addition, hemostatic biomaterials with porous structures, biochemical substances, and strongly adhesive hydrogels can be used to achieve rapid and effective hemostasis via physical or biochemical mechanisms. This article reviews methods of preparing anticoagulant coatings on material surfaces and the current status of rapid hemostatic materials. It also summarizes fundamental concepts for the design and synthesis of anticoagulant and hemostatic materials by discussing thrombosis and hemostasis mechanisms in biomedical devices and normal organisms. Because there are relatively few reports reviewing the progress in surface-functionalized design for anticoagulation and hemostasis, it is anticipated that this review can provide a useful summary of the applications of both bio-adhesion and bio-lubrication techniques in the field of biomedical engineering.

关键词： anticoagulation hemostasis lubrication hydrogel fibrous membrane

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Constructing heterostructures of ZIF-67 derived C,N doped Co_(2)P and Ti_(2)VC_(2)T_(x)MXene for enhanced OER

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Journal of Materials Science & technology 2023年第14期145卷 74-82页

作者： Jinzhou Li Chao Chen Zepeng Lv Wansen Ma Meng Wang Qian Li Jie Dang College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China College of Materials Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steels&Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China

Oxygen evolution reaction(OER)is central to technologies such as electrochemical water splitting,and developing efficient and low-cost non-precious metal electrocatalysts for OER is of great significance to reducing cell voltage and developing hydrogen production by electrochemical water ***,we prepared a carbon,nitrogen co-doped porous Co_(2)P derived from the metal-organic framework(ZIF-67),which is anchored on bimetallic MXene nanosheets(named MX@MOF-Co_(2)P).It was used as the OER catalyst and exhibited great electrocatalytic performance with very small overpotentials(246 mV at 10 mA^(-2)and 407 mV at 200 mA cm^(-2))as well as ultralow Tafel slope(28.18 mV dec^(-1)).Combining charac-terizations and theoretical calculations,it was found that the remarkable performance was from follows:the obtained MX@MOF-Co_(2)P inherited the porous structure of the pristine MOF with a large number of open active sites;carbon and nitrogen doping also modulated the electronic structure of the active center;the synergistic effect between cobalt phosphide and MXenes booted the electronic *** work represents a promising strategy for the development of non-precious metal catalysts derived from metal-organic frameworks to achieve efficient energy conversion.

关键词： Mxene mof doping cobalt phosphide electrocatalysts

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Effect of initial orientation on microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ31 Mg alloy sheets via accumulated extrusion bonding

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2023年第2期33卷 178-184页

作者： Xia Cao Tingzhuang Han Ji Xu Guangsheng Huang Hua Zhang Jianhui Bai Fusheng Pan Department of Mechanics and Surface Engineering Changzhou Institute of Technology Department of Aviation Manufacturing Engineering Changzhou Institute of Technology State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing School of Materials Science & Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing University Institute for Advanced Studies in Precision Materials Yantai University

In this study, effects of initial orientation on microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of AZ31 Mg alloy sheets via accumulated extrusion bonding(AEB) was systematically studied. The samples with RD and TD parallel to extrusion direction(ED) were labeled as RED and TED, respectively. RD and TD pieces alternately stacked was named as RTED. The results revealed that under three-dimensional compressive stress, {10-12} tensile twinning dominated the first stage deformation in container. As the plunger continuous press down, dynamic recrystallization(DRX) occurred, and the newly fine DRXed grains along original and twin grain boundaries gradually consumed the matrix and twin grains. The microstructure was completely transformed into recrystallized grain structure at sizing band with an average grain size of ～0.9 μm in TED sample, smaller than that of RED *** the alloys extruded out of the die, DRXed grains significantly grew to ～4.5 μm and 3.5 μm for RED and TED samples, respectively. A laminated microstructure was obtained with average grain sizes of～4.4 μm in RD layers and 3.5 μm in TD layers for RTED sample. The AEB processed samples exhibited an ED-tilt double-peak basal texture with similar texture intensity. The tensile tests results indicated that attributed to the combined effect of grain refinement and texture evolution, the yield strength and fracture elongation of RED and TED samples was significantly improved. The heterogeneous microstructure in RTED sample induced an extra work hardening(HDI-work hardening) in tensile deformation and resulted in a further improved elongation of 32.0%.

关键词： Magnesium alloy Accumulated extrusion bonding Initial orientation Microstructure Texture Mechanical properties

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A novel flexible plasma array for large-area uniform treatment of an irregular surface

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Plasma Science and technology 2022年第3期24卷 130-137页

作者： Baowang LIU Fei QI Dejiang ZHOU Lanlan NIE Yubin XIAN Xinpei LU State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074People's Republic

In this work,we demonstrate a flexible multi-pin plasma generator with movable electrodes,which can change the shape of the electrode array freely,and then provide a large-area uniform plasma for the treatment of surfaces of different *** characteristics including U-I waveforms and discharge images and sterilization performance under three different electrode configurations(flat-flat,flat-curve,curve-curve)are *** similar results are acquired between the flat-flat configuration and the curve-curve configuration,which is much better than that under flat-curve *** flexible multi-pin plasma generator offers a simple method to treat different irregularly shaped surfaces uniformly with a single ***,this device provides a foundation for developing a self-adaption large-scale uniform plasma generator by further introducing automatic adjustment of the position of every electrode driven by motors with discharge current feedback in the following *** it will promote the applications of atmospheric-pressure cold plasmas significantly.

关键词： flexible multi-pin electrode large-area uniform plasma sterilization

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Integrating Friction Noise for In Situ Monitoring of Polymer Wear Performance: A Machine Learning Approach in Tribology

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Journal of Tribology 2025年第6期147卷 061701页

作者： Chen, Shengshan Cheng, Ganlin Guo, Fei Jia, Xiaohong Wen, Xiaohao State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Macau Institute of Systems Engineering Macau University of Science and Technology 999078 China

Friction and wear between mating surfaces significantly affect the efficiency and performance of mechanical systems. Traditional tribological research relies on post-observation methods, limiting the understanding of dynamic friction behavior. In contrast, in situ monitoring provides real-time insights into evolving friction dynamics. This study employs machine learning to monitor polymer wear performance through friction noise. The predictive accuracy of various machine learning methods, including Extremely Randomized Trees, Gradient-Boosting Decision Trees, AdaBoost, LightGBM, Deep Forest, and Deep Neural Networks, is compared for wear-type classification. Additionally, the LSBoost regression is selected as the optimal method for predicting polymer wear-rates across various temperatures. The results underscore the potential of using friction noise and machine learning for real-time wear monitoring, offering valuable insights for tribological system maintenance and failure prediction. © 2024 by ASME.

关键词： Tribology

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MOF and its derivative materials modified lithium-sulfur battery separator:a new means to improve performance

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Rare Metals 2024年第6期43卷 2418-2443页

作者： Rong-Wei Huang Yong-Qi Wang Dan You Wen-Hao Yang Bin-Nan Deng Fei Wang Yue-Jin Zeng Yi-Yong Zhang Xue Li National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Lithium-Ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology Key Laboratory of Advanced Batteries Materials of Yunnan ProvinceFaculty of Metallurgical and Energy EngineeringKunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650093China State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsState-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Power Source Technology for New Energy VehicleEngineering Research Center of Electrochemical TechnologyMinistry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China

In recent years,lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs)are considered as one of the most promising new generation energies with the advantages of high theoretical speeific capacity of sulfur(1675 mAh·g^(-1)),abundant sulfur resources,and environmental friendliness storage technologies,and they are receiving wide attention from the ***,the problems of the shuttle effect and lithium dendrite growth in LSBs have limited their practical application,so there is a need to find ways to solve these *** is an excellent choice to use novel materials to modify battery *** those novel materials,the metal-organic framework(MOF)has the properties of regular pores and controllable *** applied as a positive electrode and diaphragm,it can restrain the shuttle effect and lithium dendrite growth,especially since it shows excellent performance in diaphragm ***,various design strategies and synthesis methods of MOF-modified separators are reviewed in this paper,and the applications of MOF in LSBs separators in different forms are introduced,including the composite of MOF and carbon-based materials,the compounding of MOF and polymer,self-carbonization to form MOF-derived *** the same time,different characterization techniques are systematically reviewed to obtain the physical and chemical properties of MOF particles and the working mechanism of MOF-modified diaphragm,which provides a basis for further research in this ***,some future research trends and directions are put forward to fully tap the future commercial potential of MOF-modified diaphragm in LSBs.

关键词： MOF Lithium-sulfur battery Modified diaphragms Design strategies Prospect Characterization

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