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Experiment of 2×40Gbd PAM8 MISO-FSO system reinforced by high-speed optical signal coupling and precoder-shaped multi-level polar codes

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optical and Quantum Electronics 2025年第1期57卷 1-18页

作者： Yang, Weiying Liu, Xiaoyu Xiao, Shilin Liu, Zhiyang The State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication System and Networks Shanghai Jiao Tong University Dongchuan Road Shanghai200240 China

This paper proposes and successfully demonstrates a high-speed optical signal coupling (HS-OSC) of 2x40Gbaud PAM8 with precoder-shaped multi-level polar codes (PS-MLPC) in a gain-oriented multiple-input single-output free space optical (MISO-FSO) system. With the pilot-based correction (PBC), the system gets a multi-path error (MPE) detecting and correcting module, which can minimize the MPE and achieve the gain-oriented HS-OSC. On the other hand, PS-MLPC is deployed in the MISO-FSO system to provide the non-uniform PAM-8 symbols and save the power budget. In the experiment, the PBC module is proven to ensure the HS-OSC process by comparing the captured waveforms. Results in the static FSO channel validate that the bit error rate (BER) of the MISO-FSO system is improved from 4.76×10-3 to below 10-5 and the PS-MLPC PAM-8 saves most 0.85 dB effective signal-to-noise ratio (ESNR). Under turbulent conditions, the gain-oriented MISO-FSO system not only enhances the mean ESNR of about 4.3–5.4 dB but also mitigates the standard deviation of ESNR by 40.6–61.4 %, on which the PS-MLPC provides a Q-factor gain of 1.17–1.64 dB. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Budget control

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Preamble Design for Joint Frame Synchronization, Frequency Offset Estimation, and Channel Estimation in Upstream Burst-Mode Detection of Coherent PON

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Journal of Lightwave Technology 2025年第9期43卷 4127-4138页

作者： Sun, Yongxin Jiang, Hexun Xu, Yicheng Fu, Mengfan Zhu, Yixiao Yi, Lilin Hu, Weisheng Zhuge, Qunbi Shanghai Jiao Tong University State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks Department of Electronic Engineering Shanghai200240 China

Coherent optics has shown significant potential as a viable solution for achieving 100 Gb/s and higher speeds in single-wavelength passive optical networks (PON). However, upstream coherent burst-mode detection is a major challenge in deploying coherent optics in access networks. To accelerate digital signal processing (DSP) convergence with minimal preamble length, we propose a novel burst-mode preamble design based on a constant amplitude zero auto-correlation (CAZAC) sequence. This design facilitates comprehensive frequency-domain estimation of various impairments, including state of polarization, chromatic dispersion and differential group delay, providing overall system response information for the equalization pre-convergence. Additionally, this preamble utilizes the same training unit to jointly achieve three key DSP functions: frame synchronization, frequency offset estimation, and channel estimation. This integration contributes to a significant reduction in the preamble length. The feasibility of the proposed preamble with a length of 400 symbols and corresponding DSP was experimentally verified in a 15 Gbaud coherent system using dual-polarization 16 quadrature amplitude modulation. The experimental results based on this scheme showed a superior performance of the convergence acceleration. © 1983-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Frequency domain analysis

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Performance assessment of octagonal layout based integrated photonic reservoir computing for optical channel equalization

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Optics Express 2025年第7期33卷 15814-15826页

作者： Zuo, Xiaoyan Pei, Li Bai, Bing Bai, Bowen Hu, Zhouyi Wang, Jianshuai Qu, Qi Dong, Fei Institute of Lightwave Technology Beijing Jiaotong University Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of All-Optical Networks and Modern Communication Networks Beijing100044 China Technology Co. Ltd. China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communications System and Networks School of Electronics Peking University Beijing100871 China Beijing Aerospace Institute for Metrology and Measurement Technology Beijing100076 China

Compared to electronic equalizers, the equalizers based on integrated photonic reservoir computing exhibit the advantages of large bandwidth, short latency, and low power consumption. The existing rectangular reservoir layout employs internal nodes as input and output nodes, leading to inadequate signal exchange and extra noise due to waveguide crossing. We proposed an optical channel equalizer based on an octagonal reservoir layout and verified its equalization ability. The system-level simulation of the proposed layout is conducted to investigate the impact of layout shape, node quantity, input and output port number, and weight algorithm on channel equalization performance in a 25Gbaud 4-level pulse amplitude modulation optical communication system. Results indicate that, within a transmission distance of 5-30 km, the bit error rate (BER) of the equalized signal in the proposed octagonal layout is lower than that of a rectangular layout with the same number of nodes. Specifically, at 5 km, the octagonal layout’s BER is 5 and 10 orders of magnitude lower than the rectangular layout and the feedforward equalizer, respectively. Meanwhile, the best readout algorithm, K-nearest neighbor regression, achieves an equalized BER of 7.012 × 10−14 © 2025 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement.

关键词： Pulse amplitude modulation

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Sensitivity enhancement and Faraday Effect Compensation in dual-polarization Fiber Optic Rotational Seismometer 4

Sensitivity enhancement and Faraday Effect Compensation in d...

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4th International Computational Imaging Conference, CITA 2024

作者： Huang, Huimin Zhu, Lanxin Wang, Wenbo Chen, Yanjun Shi, Fangshuo Li, Zhengbin The State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks School of Electronics Peking University Beijing100871 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510688834

Seismology, as a crucial field of Earth science, is dedicated to understanding the internal structure of the Earth and crustal movements. In recent decades, rotational seismometers become increasingly mature, and rotational observations have found wide applications in various fields including natural earthquakes, engineering seismology, and volcano monitoring. With over 40 years of development, IFOGs have advantages such as low cost and fully solid-state, which have been widely applied in various fields, including inertial navigation, earthquake monitoring, precision measurement, and more. Currently, the development and application of high-precision rotational seismometers based on IFOGs have become a highly researched area of interest. In order to further improve the accuracy, it is necessary to study the accuracy degradation problem of high-precision rotational seismometers based on IFOGs in complex environments and explore effective solutions. This paper aims to address the environmental adaptability and sensitivity problem of high-precision rotational seismometers based on IFOGs and proposes a new structure based on polarization multiplexing and dual optic-fiber coils. The experimental results show that the proposed configuration provides up to a 90-fold suppression of magnetic error. The new configuration sensitivity reach 4.2 × 10-8 rad/s/√Hz. This structure provides a new option for constructing rotational seismometers with superior performance and strong environmental adaptability. © 2025 SPIE.

关键词： Seismographs

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Light Source Attacks on CMOS-Based QRNGs 4

Light Source Attacks on CMOS-Based QRNGs

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4th International Computational Imaging Conference, CITA 2024

作者： Zhang, Beibei Li, Lang Xu, Yuehan Wang, Tao Zeng, Guihua State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510688834

QRNGs, which leverage quantum mechanical principles to generate random numbers, are widely utilized in information security and cryptography. This paper reviews various QRNG systems and their evolution, with a particular focus on the simple and efficient CMOS-based QRNG system. However, while current random number generation methods ensure randomness, they do not guarantee the security of the generated random numbers, especially in encryption applications. The results demonstrate that an attacker can manipulate the light source to inject attack signals, leading to an increase in the entropy value calculated by legitimate users. This allows the attacker to extract additional entropy information. Notably, the compromised random numbers still pass the NIST randomness tests, indicating a fundamental breach of the system's security. This paper proposes strategies for identifying and defending against such potential attacks, with the aim of enhancing the reliability and security of QRNG systems. © 2025 SPIE.

关键词： CMOS integrated circuits

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Chirp-free hundred-picosecond pulse fiber laser based on carbon nanotubes mode-locker

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Optics Express 2025年第7期33卷 14850-14857页

作者： Li, Weixi Jiang, Kailin Dai, Lilong Huang, Qianqian Zou, Meng Luo, Siyu Chen, Siyu Song, Yingxiong Liu, Yunqi Yan, Zhijun Mou, Chengbo Key Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Optical Access Networks Shanghai Institute for Advanced Communication and Data Science Joint International Research Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Advanced Communication Shanghai University Shanghai200444 China School of Optical and Electronic Information National Engineering Laboratory for Next Generation Internet Access System Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China

We demonstrate a narrow bandwidth passively erbium-doped mode-locked fiber laser based on single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). The center wavelength is 1546.61 nm. The strong filtering effect and low saturable absorber (SA) modulation depth provide advantages for a long pulse duration of 323 ps. An overall spectral bandwidth of 1.3 GHz (0.01 nm) is measured by the optical heterodyne method, representing the narrowest spectral width based on SWCNT under a single filter structure. The obtained spectral width is very close to the transform-limited bandwidth of 8 pm, indicating that the pulse is chirp-free. Meanwhile, the generation of beat signals reveals the strong coherence between pulses. The repetition frequency of the laser is 7.8 MHz, and the number of longitudinal mode locks is only 166, which is the minimum number of longitudinal mode-locking in passively mode-locked laser based on material SA. At the same time, numerical simulations further support our experimental results and reveal the pulse evolution, providing evidence that SA and filter are the key factors in the generation of chirp-free long pulse. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement.

关键词： Saturable absorbers

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Fabrication-Tolerant High-Speed 5-Bit Silicon optical True Time Delay Line in the O-Band

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Journal of Lightwave Technology 2025年第9期43卷 4358-4366页

作者： Ni, Ziheng Lu, Liangjun Wang, Yixuan Liu, Yuanbin Chen, Jianping Zhou, Linjie Shanghai Jiao Tong University State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks Shanghai Institute for Advanced Communication and Data Science Department of Electronic Engineering Shanghai Key Lab of Navigation and Location Services Shanghai200240 China SJTU-Pinghu Institute of Intelligent Optoelectronics Pinghu314200 China

Fast reconfiguration time on the order of nanoseconds is crucial for microwave photonic beamformers, particularly in 5G/6G wireless communication systems. Most previously reported integrated optical true time delay lines (OTTDLs) exhibit a slow response time of tens of microseconds. In this study, we demonstrate an O-band high-speed 5-bit silicon OTTDL based on fabrication-tolerant electro-optic push-pull optical switches, which exhibit lower phase deviation and reduced insertion loss compared to conventional designs. The rising and falling times are 9 ns and 11 ns for the electro-optic switching, respectively. The insertion loss and crosstalk of our fabrication-tolerant high-speed switch element are 0.66 dB (0.74 dB) and −25.09 dB (−27.41 dB) at the bar (cross) state, respectively, at the wavelength of 1310 nm. For the 5-bit OTTDL, the initial phase variation is only ∼0.10π, which is one-sixth of that observed in the conventional design. Additionally, our proposed OTTDL features a low fiber-to-fiber insertion loss of 8.72 dB and a delay tuning range of 0-313.9 ps. The high-performance, fabrication-tolerant OTTDLs hold significant promise for future applications in fast beamforming. © 1983-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Fiber to the x

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Accelerating the Thermal Response of a III-V/Si3N4 Hybrid External Cavity Laser with Electronic-Photonic Co-Design

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Journal of Lightwave Technology 2025年第10期43卷 4871-4880页

作者： Han, keyi Lu, Liangjun Guo, Yuyao Li, Xinhang Xu, Weihan Chen, Jianpin Zhou, Linjie Shanghai Jiao Tong University State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks The Shanghai Institute for Advanced Communication and Data Science Shanghai Key Lab of Navigation and Location Services Department of Electronic Engineering Shanghai200240 China SJTU-Pinghu Institute of Intelligent Optoelectronics Pinghu314200 China

We propose an electronic-photonic (EP) co-designed scheme to enhance the modulation speed of thermo-optic (TO) phase shifters. We establish a small signal analysis model to optimize the TO phase shifter by compensating its thermal-response-limited low-pass behavior with an electric high-pass equalization circuit, thus expanding the modulation bandwidth. To prove its potential, we demonstrate an EP-converged frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) laser comprising an InP/Si3N4 hybrid integrated external cavity laser (ECL) driving with an electric equalization circuit. The small signal bandwidth of the TO phase shifter inside the laser cavity is enhanced from 10 kHz to 360 kHz with the equalization circuit. By driving the TO phase shifter, we generate an FMCW signal with a chirp bandwidth of 943 MHz at a repetition rate of 100 kHz. The residual nonlinearity of the frequency chirp is reduced to 0.72% thanks to the pre-distortion technique, enabling a ranging precision of 8.1 cm over a 20 m distance. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Pulse repetition rate

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Chip-scale integrated optical gyroscope based on a multi-mode co-detection technique

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Photonics Research 2025年第2期13卷 319-329页

作者： SHUANG LIU JUNYI HU BINJIE LI BOYI XUE WENJIE WAN HUILIAN MA ZUYUAN HE School of Aeronautics and Astronautics Zhejiang University State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks University of Michigan-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint InstituteShanghai Jiao Tong University State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Gyroscopes are crucial components of inertial navigation systems, with ongoing development emphasizing miniaturization and enhanced accuracy. The recent advances in chip-scale optical gyroscopes utilizing integrated optics have attracted considerable attention, demonstrating significant advantages in achieving tactical-grade *** this paper, a new, to our knowledge, integrated optical gyroscope scheme based on the multi-mode co-detection technology is proposed, which takes the high-Q microcavity as its core sensitive element and uses the multi-mode characteristics of the microcavity to achieve the measurement of rotational angular velocity. This detection scheme breaks the tradition of optical gyroscopes based on a single mode within the sensitive ring to detect the angular rotation rate, which not only greatly simplifies the optical and electrical system of the optical gyroscope, but also has a higher detection accuracy. The gyroscope based on this detection scheme has successfully detected the Earth's rotation on a 9.2 mm diameter microcavity with a bias instability as low as 1 deg/h, which is the best performance among the chip-scale integrated optical gyroscopes known to us.

关键词： Effective refractive index Fiber optic gyroscopes Integrated optics Kerr effect optical systems Phase shift

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Imaging through Scattering Media via Optronic Convolutional Neural Network 4

Imaging through Scattering Media via Optronic Convolutional ...

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4th International Computational Imaging Conference, CITA 2024

作者： Tu, Luofei Huang, Zicheng Ma, Jiahui Guo, Zhishun Gao, Yesheng State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai200240 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510688834

With the growing influence of machine learning, it brings benefits to the inverse problem of imaging through scattering media in computational imaging. This study introduces an innovative opto-electronic fully convolutional neural network (OP-FCNN) designed to enhance speckle reconstruction with reduced computational complexity. By integrating lens groups and spatial light modulators, the OP-FCNN performs essential functions like convolution and sampling in the optical domain, drastically lowering the computational demands compared to traditional digital methods. This approach not only improves imaging performance but also offers scalability and adaptability for various datasets. The findings indicate that the OP-FCNN represents a promising advancement toward efficient all-optical imaging systems through scattering media. © 2025 SPIE.

关键词： Imaging systems

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