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Scalable and ultrafast epitaxial growth of single-crystal graphene wafers for electrically tunable liquid-crystal microlens arrays

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Science Bulletin 2019年第10期64卷 659-668页

作者： Bing Deng Zhaowei Xin Ruiwen Xue Shishu Zhang Xiaozhi Xu Jing Gao Jilin Tang Yue Qi Yani Wang Yan Zhao Luzhao Sun Huihui Wang Kaihui Liu Mark H. Rummeli Lu-Tao Weng Zhengtang Luo Lianming Tong Xinyu Zhang Changsheng Xie Zhongfan Liu Hailin Peng Center for Nanochemistry (CNC) Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China Beijing Graphene Institute (BCl) Beijing 100094 China Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics School of Automation National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Multispectral Information Processing Huazhong University of Science & Technology Wuhan 430074 China Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Materials Characterization and Preparation Facility The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong 999077 China State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics School of Physics Peking University Beijing 100871 China Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM) J iangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices and Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Peking University Beijing 100871 China Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province College of Energy Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations Soochow University Suzhou 215006 China Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials Polish Academy of Sciences Zabrze 41-819 Poland Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Huazhong University of Science & Technology Wuhan 430074 China

The scalable growth of wafer-sized single-crystal graphene in an energy-efficient manner and compatible with wafer process is critical for the killer applications of graphene in high-performance electronics and optoelectronics. Here, ultrafast epitaxial growth of single-crystal graphene wafers is realized on singlecrystal Cu90Ni10(1 1 1) thin films fabricated by a tailored two-step magnetron sputtering and recrystallization process. The minor nickel(Ni) content greatly enhances the catalytic activity of Cu, rendering the growth of a 4 in. single-crystal monolayer graphene wafer in 10 min on Cu90Ni10(1 1 1), 50 folds faster than graphene growth on Cu(1 1 1). Through the carbon isotope labeling experiments, graphene growth on Cu90Ni10(1 1 1) is proved to be exclusively surface-reaction dominated, which is ascribed to the Cu surface enrichment in the Cu Ni alloy, as indicated by element in-depth profile. One of the best benefits of our protocol is the compatibility with wafer process and excellent scalability. A pilot-scale chemical vapor deposition(CVD) system is designed and built for the mass production of single-crystal graphene wafers, with productivity of 25 pieces in one process cycle. Furthermore, we demonstrate the application of single-crystal graphene in electrically controlled liquid-crystal microlens arrays(LCMLA), which exhibit highly tunable focal lengths near 2 mm under small driving voltages. By integration of the graphene based LCMLA and a CMOS sensor, a prototype camera is proposed that is available for simultaneous light-field and light intensity imaging. The single-crystal graphene wafers could hold great promising for highperformance electronics and optoelectronics that are compatible with wafer process.

关键词： Graphene Ultrafast growth CuNi(1 1 1)thin film Single crystal wafer Liquid crystal microlens arrays

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Implementing urban agriculture as nature-based solutions in China: Challenges and global lessons

Soil and Environmental Health

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Soil and Environmental Health 2024年第1期2卷

作者： Zhu, Zhe Chan, Faith Ka Shun Li, Gang Xu, Mengxia Feng, Meili Zhu, Yong-Guan Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xiamen 361021 China Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of Nottingham Ningbo China Ningbo 315100 China Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun Ningbo 315830 China School of Geographical Sciences University of Nottingham Ningbo China Ningbo 315100 China Water@Leeds School of Geography University of Leeds Leeds LS2 9JT United Kingdom Research Base for Shenzhen Municipal Policy & Development Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518000 China New Materials Institute University of Nottingham Ningbo China Ningbo 315100 China Key Laboratory for Carbonaceous Wastes Processing and Process Intensification of Zhejiang Province University of Nottingham Ningbo China Ningbo 315100 China State Key Lab of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China

Urban agriculture, the cultivation, processing and distribution of plants and animals within urban or suburban boundaries, is becoming an increasingly relevant strategy to enhance food safety for urban residents. With the rapid urbanization in the past decades, three forms of urban agriculture have emerged in China: small-scale, capital-intensive, and tourism-type. Each form presents unique benefits and challenges, and their development has been largely shaped by the local socio-economic context and government policies. The benefits of urban agriculture are numerous including the improvement of community cohesion, promotion of physical health, enhancement of environmental sustainability, and creation of new economic opportunities. However, it also faces many challenges such as land availability, capital shortage, market access, and governmental support. This review summarized the benefits of urban agriculture and its current limitations and challenges, and proposed strategies to overcome these hurdles in China based on successful examples in the Global North. Four specific recommendations were provided to promote urban agriculture in China: integration of urban agriculture into cities, solutions for land and resource use, government support and reactions, as well as planning and regulations. Adoption these recommendations is expected to result in healthier cities and a more robust agricultural system in China. © 2024 The Author(s)

关键词： Environmental health Environmental sustainability Food security Global North Green city One health Urban farming Urban planning

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Regulating Reconstruction-Engineered Active Sites for Accelerated Electrocatalytic Conversion of Urea

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Angewandte Chemie 2024年第36期136卷

作者： Jichao Zhang Jianrui Feng Jiexin Zhu Liqun Kang Longxiang Liu Fei Guo Jing Li Kaiqi Li Jie Chen Wei Zong Mingqiang Liu Ruwei Chen Ivan P. Parkin Liqiang Mai Guanjie He Christopher Ingold Laboratory Department of Chemistry University College London (UCL) 20 Gordon Street London WC1H 0AJ UK State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan Hubei 430070 China Department of Inorganic Spectroscopy Max-Planck-Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion Stiftstr. 34–36 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany Department of Materials University of Oxford Parks Road Oxford OX1 3PH Materials Research Institute School of Engineering and Materials Science Faculty of Science and Engineering Queen Mary University of London Mile End Road London E1 4NS UK

Reconstruction-engineered electrocatalysts with enriched high active Ni species for urea oxidation reaction (UOR) have recently become promising candidates for energy conversion. However, to inhibit the over-oxidation of urea brought by the high valence state of Ni, tremendous efforts are devoted to obtaining low-value products of nitrogen gas to avoid toxic nitrite formation, undesirably causing inefficient utilization of the nitrogen cycle. Herein, we proposed a mediation engineering strategy to significantly boost high-value nitrite formation to help close a loop for the employment of a nitrogen economy. Specifically, platinum-loaded nickel phosphides (Pt-Ni 2 P) catalysts exhibit a promising nitrite production rate (0.82 mol kWh −1 cm −2 ), high stability over 66 h of Zn-urea-air battery operation, and 135 h of co-production of nitrite and hydrogen under 200 mA cm −2 in a zero-gap membrane electrode assembly (MEA) system. The in situ spectroscopic characterizations and computational calculations demonstrated that the urea oxidation kinetics is facilitated by enriched dynamic Ni 3+ active sites, thus augmenting the “cyanate” UOR pathway. The C−N cleavage was further verified as the rate-determining step for nitrite generation.

关键词： Mediation engineering strategy Urea oxidation reaction Dynamic active sites High-value products

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Phase Transformation Strengthening of Hot Extruded Inconel 625 under High-temperature Load Environment

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Journal of Wuhan University of technology(materials Science) 2019年第6期34卷 1297-1308页

作者： LIU Dexue CUI Maomao WANG Wenxu NAN Hongqiang CAI Haopeng XUE Hongdi JIA Zhi LI Qinglin State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-ferrous Metals Lanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou 730050China School of Material Science and Engineering Lanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou 730050China Jinchuan Nickel-Metropolis Industrial Company Jinchang 737100China Jinchuan Group Nickel Alloy Co. Lanzhou 730100China

Microstructure evolution and properties of hot-extruded Inconel 625 alloy were investigated at different creep temperatures, aging time and strain rates. The experimental results indicate that the Inconel 625 alloy exhibits an excellent creep resistance at 700 ℃ and below. When the creep temperature rises to 750 ℃, the creep resistance falls drastically due to the failure of phase transformation strengthening and the precipitation of a large amount of δ phase and σ phase at the grain boundary. The special temperature-sensitive characteristics of Inconel 625 alloy play a very important role in its fracture. When the strain rate is 8.33×10^-3s^-1, the strength of the specimen is higher than that of other parameters attributed to the effect of phase transformation strengthening. With the increase of Ni3(Al, Ti), the phase transformation strengthening inhibits thickening of the stacking faults into twins and improves the overall mechanical properties of the alloy. With the increase of the aging time, the granular Cr-rich M23C6 carbides continue to precipitate at the grain boundary, which hinders the movement of the dislocations and obviously increases the strength of the samples. Especially, the yield strength increases several times.

关键词： hot-extruded Inconel 625 alloy phase transformation strengthening temperature sensitivity characteristics Cr-rich M23C6 carbides δphase

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Strong phonon localization in PbTe with dislocations and large deviation to Matthiessen’s rule

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npj Computational materials 2019年第1期5卷 277-282页

作者： Yandong Sun Yanguang Zhou Jian Han Wei Liu Cewen Nan Yuanhua Lin Ming Hu Ben Xu Laboratory of Advanced Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department University of California Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095USA State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing School of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China Department of Mechanical Engineering University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC 29208USA

Dislocations can greatly enhance the figure of merit of thermoelectric materials by prominently reducing thermal ***,the evolution of phonon modes with different energies when they propagate through a single dislocation is *** we perform non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulation to study phonon transport in PbTe crystal with dislocations by excluding boundary scattering and strain coupling *** frequency-dependent heat flux,phonon mode analysis,and frequency-dependent phonon mean free paths(MFPs)are *** thermal conductivity of PbTe with dislocation density on the order of 10^(15)m^(−2) is decreased by 62%.We provide solid evidence of strong localization of phonon modes in dislocation ***,by comparing the frequency-dependent phonon MFPs between atomistic modeling and traditional theory,it is found that the conventional theories are inadequate to describe the phonon behavior throughout the full phonon spectrum,and large deviation to the well-known semi-classical Matthiessen’s rule is *** results provide insightful guidance for the development of PbTe based thermoelectrics and shed light on new routes for enhancing the performance of existing thermoelectrics by incorporating dislocations.

关键词： phonon dislocation deviation

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Reversible Zn Metal Anodes Enabled by Trace Amounts of Underpotential Deposition Initiators

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Angewandte Chemie 2023年第18期135卷

作者： Yuhang Dai Chengyi Zhang Wei Zhang Lianmeng Cui Chumei Ye Xufeng Hong Jinghao Li Ruwei Chen Wei Zong Xuan Gao Jiexin Zhu Peie Jiang Qinyou An Prof. Dan J. L. Brett Prof. Ivan P. Parkin Dr. Guanjie He Prof. Liqiang Mai State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 P. R. China Christopher Ingold Laboratory Department of Chemistry University College London London WC1H 0AJ UK Electrochemical Innovation Lab Department of Chemical Engineering University College London London WC1E 7JE UK Institute of Technological Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy University of Cambridge Cambridge CB3 0FS UK Beijing Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Advanced Batteries Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 P. R. China

Routine electrolyte additives are not effective enough for uniform zinc (Zn) deposition, because they are hard to proactively guide atomic-level Zn deposition. Here, based on underpotential deposition (UPD), we propose an “escort effect” of electrolyte additives for uniform Zn deposition at the atomic level. With nickel ion (Ni 2+ ) additives, we found that metallic Ni deposits preferentially and triggers the UPD of Zn on Ni. This facilitates firm nucleation and uniform growth of Zn while suppressing side reactions. Besides, Ni dissolves back into the electrolyte after Zn stripping with no influence on interfacial charge transfer resistance. Consequently, the optimized cell operates for over 900 h at 1 mA cm −2 (more than 4 times longer than the blank one). Moreover, the universality of “escort effect” is identified by using Cr 3+ and Co 2+ additives. This work would inspire a wide range of atomic-level principles by controlling interfacial electrochemistry for various metal batteries.

关键词： Aqueous Battery Electrolyte Additive Interfacial Electrochemistry Underpotential Deposition Zinc Anode

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Interface-engineered metalized plastic current collectors for fast-charging lithium-ion batteries with high safety and stability

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eScience 2025年

作者： Chaofan Liang Jie Ji Yaqi Liao Tianyi Hou Zhikang Liu Hongbin Xie Kui Li Xinpeng Pi Donghai Wang Xiaoyu Jin Weichen Du Long Qie State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China Zhejiang Rouzhen Technology Corp. Ltd. Jiaxing 314499 China Guangdong OPPO Mobile Telecommunications Corp. Ltd. Dongguan 523846 China College of Renewable Energy Hohai University Changzhou 213200 China

Adopting the metalized plastic current collector (MPCC) enhances the safety and specific energy density of Li-ion batteries (LIBs) but sacrifices the rate capability. The reduced rate capability is customarily ascribed to the lower electronic conductivity of MPCC as compared with the metal ones ( e.g. , Al and Cu) due to the less metal usage. Here, we demonstrate that the interfacial contact between the current collector (CC) and the active-material layer, rather than the electronic conductivity of CC, accounts for the rate performance of the cells. By introducing a thin carbon coating (∼ 300 nm) onto the surface of MPCC ( e.g. , 1 μm thick aluminum deposited on both sides of 10 μm polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film, Al-PET), we reduced the contact resistance between MPCC and cathode materials. Using the carbon-coated Al-PET (C@Al-PET) as CC, the 6.0-Ah graphite/LiCoO 2 pouch cell delivers significantly improved fast-charge capability and cycling stability, which are identified as the homogenized potential distribution and electrode utilization with multiphysical field simulations. Most importantly, the cell with C@Al-PET CC could still pass the harsh impact test, promising its applications in high-rate LIBs with superior safety.

关键词： Current collector Lithium-ion battery Fast-charging Safety

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Review of the atmospheric corrosion of magnesium alloys

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Journal of materials Science & technology 2019年第9期35卷 2003-2016页

作者： Hongguang Liu Fuyong Cao Guang-Ling Song Dajiang Zheng Zhiming Shi Mathew S.Dargusch Andrej Atrens Center for Marine Materials Corrosion and Protection College of MaterialsXiamen University422 Siming Rd.Xiamen 361005China State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces Department of ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Chemical Engineeringjdamen University 422 S. Siming Rd.XiamenFujian361005China Centre for Advanced Materials Processing and Manufacturing (AMPAM) School of Mechanical and Mining EngineeringThe University of Queensland BrisbaneQueensland 4072Australia

Mg atmospheric corrosion is induced by a thin surface aqueous layer. Controlling factors are microgalvanic acceleration between different phases, protection by a continuous second phase distribution, protection by corrosion products, and degradation of protective layers by aggressive species such as chloride ions. The Mg atmospheric corrosion rate increases with relative humidity (RH) and concentrations of aggressive species. Temperature increases the corrosion rate unless a protective film causes a decrease.O2, SO2 and NO2 accelerate the atmospheric corrosion rate, whereas the corrosion rate is decreased by CO2. The traditional gravimetric method can evaluate effectively the corrosion behavior of Mg alloys.

关键词： Magnesium Magnesium alloys Atmospheric corrosion

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Optimal design on the high-temperature mechanical properties of porous alumina ceramics based on fractal dimension analysis

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Journal of advanced Ceramics 2018年第2期7卷 89-98页

作者： Jingjing LIU Wenlong HUO Xiaoyan ZHANG Bo REN Yuanbing Li Zaijuan ZHANG Jinlong YANG State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing School of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua University State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy Wuhan University of Science and Technology

Fractal theory and regression analysis were employed for the first time to investigate the effect of pore size and pore distribution on high-temperature mechanical properties of porous alumina ceramics （PAC）. In the present work, PAC with the comparable porosity, different pore sizes and pore distributions were prepared using carbon black as the pore-forming agent. Particular emphasis in this study was placed on the establishment of correlation between the thermal shock resistance and pore properties. The relationship between fractal dimension （Df） and thermal shock resistance parameter （l？st） in specimens presented the negative power function, indicating that low Df could benefit the improvement of thermal shock resistance in specimens. The results showed that the increase of pore size and pore sphericity leads to a reduced Df, the enhanced hot modulus of rupture （HMOR） and Rst. The decrease of proportion of micro-pores below 2 μm, the increase of mean pore size and pore sphericity could result in the decrease of Dr, and then improve Rst and HMOR of specimens. Based on the correlation between Rst and pore characteristics, PAC with improved thermal shock resistance could be achieved when their pore structure meets the above features.

关键词： porous alumina ceramics （PAC） pore size thermal shock resistance high-temperaturemechanical properties fractal dimension

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Recent advances in friction and lubrication of graphene and other 2D materials:Mechanisms and applications

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Friction 2019年第3期7卷 199-216页

作者： Lincong LIU Ming ZHOU Long JIN Liangchuan LI Youtang MO Guoshi SU Xiao LI Hongwei ZHU Yu TIAN School of Mechanical Engineering Guangxi University of Science and TechnologyLiuzhou545006China Chengdu Carbon Co. Ltd.No.88South2RoadEconomic and Technological Development ZoneChengdu610100China State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing School of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China State Key Laboratory of Tribology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China

Two-dimensional materials having a layered structure comprise a monolayer or multilayers of atomic thickness and ultra-low shear *** high specific surface area,in-plane strength,weak layer-layer interaction,and surface chemical stability result in remarkably low friction and wear-resisting ***,2D materials have attracted considerable *** recent years,great advances have been made in the scientific research and industrial applications of anti-friction,anti-wear,and lubrication of 2D *** this article,the basic nanoscale friction mechanisms of 2D materials including interfacial friction and surface friction mechanisms are *** paper also includes a review of reports on lubrication mechanisms based on the film-formation,self-healing,and ball bearing mechanisms and applications based on lubricant additives,nanoscale lubricating films,and space lubrication materials of 2D materials in ***,the challenges and potential applications of 2D materials in the field of lubrication were also presented.

关键词： two-dimensional materials graphene anti-friction anti-wear lubrication

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