Active crystal facets can generate special properties for various applications. Herein, we report a (001) faceted nanosheet-constructed hierarchically porous TiO/rGO hybrid architecture with unprecedented and highly s...
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Active crystal facets can generate special properties for various applications. Herein, we report a (001) faceted nanosheet-constructed hierarchically porous TiO/rGO hybrid architecture with unprecedented and highly stable lithium storage performance. Density functional theory calculations show that the (001) faceted TiO nanosheets enable enhanced reaction kinetics by reinforcing their contact with the electrolyte and shortening the path length of Li diffusion and insertion-extraction. The reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets in this TiO/rGO hybrid largely improve charge transport, while the porous hierarchy at different length scales favors continuous electrolyte permeation and accommodates volume change. This hierarchically porous TiO/rGO hybrid anode material demonstrates an excellent reversible capacity of 250 mAh g at 1 C (1 C = 335 mA g) at a voltage window of 1.0-3.0 V. Even after 1000 cycles at 5 C and 500 cycles at 10 C, the anode retains exceptional and stable capacities of 176 and 160 mAh g, respectively. Moreover, the formed LiTiO nanodots facilitate reversed Li insertion-extraction during the cycling process. The above results indicate the best performance of TiO-based materials as anodes for lithium-ion batteries reported in the literature.
Li-O 2 battery (LOB) is a promising “beyond Li-ion” technology with ultrahigh theoretical energy density (3457 Wh kg −1 ), while currently impeded by the sluggish cathodic kinetics of the reversible gas-solid reacti...
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Li-O 2 battery (LOB) is a promising “beyond Li-ion” technology with ultrahigh theoretical energy density (3457 Wh kg −1 ), while currently impeded by the sluggish cathodic kinetics of the reversible gas-solid reaction between O 2 and Li 2 O 2 . Despite many catalysts are developed for accelerating the conversion process, the lack of design guidance for achieving high performance makes catalysts exploring aleatory. The Sabatier principle is an acknowledged theory connecting the scaling relationship with heterogeneous catalytic activity, providing a tradeoff strategy for the topmost performance. Herein, a series of catalysts with wide-distributed d-band centers (i.e., wide range of adsorption strength) are elaborately constructed via high-entropy strategy, enabling an in-depth study of the Sabatier relations in electrocatalysts for LOBs. A volcano-type correlation of d-band center and catalytic activity emerges. Both theoretical and experimental results indicate that a moderate d-band center with appropriate adsorption strength propels the catalysts up to the top. As a demonstration of concept, the LOB using FeCoNiMnPtIr as catalyst provides an exceptional energy conversion efficiency of over 80 %, and works steadily for 2000 h with a high fixed specific capacity of 4000 mAh g −1 . This work certifies the applicability of Sabatier principle as a guidance for designing advanced heterogeneous catalysts assembled in LOBs.
Solute segregation at twin boundaries in Mg has been widely investigated, yet this phenomenon has not been studied at the equally important basal-prismatic interfaces. To fill this critical gap, this work investigates...
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Mixed transition metal oxides (MTMOs) have received intensive attention as promising anode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). In this work, we demonstrate a facile one-st...
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Mixed transition metal oxides (MTMOs) have received intensive attention as promising anode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). In this work, we demonstrate a facile one-step water-bath method for the preparation of graphene oxide (GO) decorated Fe2(MoO4)3 (FMO) microflower composite (FMO/GO), in which the FMO is constructed by numerous nanosheets. The resulting FMO/GO exhibits excellent electrochemical performances in both LIBs and SIBs. As the anode material for LIBs, the FMO/GO delivers a high capacity of 1,220 mAh·g^-1 at 200 mA·g^-1 after 50 cycles and a capacity of 685 mAh·g^-1 at a high current density of 10 A·g^-1. As the anode material for SIBs, the FMO/GO shows an initial discharge capacity of 571 mAh·g^-1 at 100 mA·g^-1, maintaining a discharge capacity of 307 mAh·g^-1 after 100 cycles. The promising performance is attributed to the good electrical transport from the intimate contact between FMO and graphene oxide. This work indicates that the FMO/GO composite is a promising anode for high-performance lithium and sodium storage.
A finite element(FE) model for the numerical control(NC) bending of Ti-3 Al-2.5 V titanium alloy seamless tube is established, considering the variation in the contractile strain ratio(CSR) and elastic modulus(E). The...
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A finite element(FE) model for the numerical control(NC) bending of Ti-3 Al-2.5 V titanium alloy seamless tube is established, considering the variation in the contractile strain ratio(CSR) and elastic modulus(E). The wall thinning characteristics of Ti-3 Al-2.5 V tube under different geometric and process conditions were investigated. The results showed that the CSR-E variation can change the wall thickness, but has no remarkable effect on the change characteristics. The reasonable parameter ranges are as follows: a bending-radius range not less than 1.5 times the outer diameter, a bend angle up to 180?, and a mandrel extension of 0-3 mm. The friction coefficient between the pressure die and the tube should be in the range of 0.20-0.35, and between the bending die and the tube should be in the range of 0.05-0.15. As long as the performance meets the requirements, the relative push-assistant speed should be as small as possible.
The determination of intrinsic deformation parameters inducing grain refinement mechanism of dynamic recrystallization (DRX) contributes to the relative forming process design. For Ni80A superalloy, the processing map...
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The determination of intrinsic deformation parameters inducing grain refinement mechanism of dynamic recrystallization (DRX) contributes to the relative forming process design. For Ni80A superalloy, the processing maps were constructed by the derivation of the stress-strain data coming from a series of isothermal compression tests at temperatures of 1273^-1473 K and strain rates of 0.01-10 s^-1. According to the processing maps and microstructural validation, the deformation parameter windows with DRX mechanism were separated in an innovative deformation mechanism map. In addition, the deformation activation energy representing deformation energy barrier was introduced to further optimize such windows. Finally, the enhanced processing maps were constructed and the parameter domains corresponding to DRX mechanism and lower deformation barrier were determined as follows: at ε=0.3, domains: 1296-1350 K, 0.056-0.32 s^-1 and 1350-1375 K, 0.035-0.11 s^-1;at ε=0.5, domains: 1290-1348 K, 0.2-0.5 s^-1 and 1305-1370 K, 0.035-0.2 s^-1;at ε=0.7, domains: 1290-1355 K, 0.042-0.26 s^-1;at ε=0.9, domains: 1298-1348 K, 0.037-0.224 s^-1.
The lap joints of Fe-based metallic glass ribbons were carried by resistance spot welding, and the microstructures of spot welds were investigated by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The results...
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The lap joints of Fe-based metallic glass ribbons were carried by resistance spot welding, and the microstructures of spot welds were investigated by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The results indicated that the perfect formations of joints without typical defects such as spatter were achieved with optimized parameters. Except for little nano-particle Fe2B, no other crystalline particle was detected by TEM, revealing that the most microstructure in spot weld remains amorphous. The maximum tensile-shearing force was 45.0 N with the optimized parameters of 1 kA weld current, 30 N electrode force and 0.02 ms weld time. The spot weld failed as pullout failure mode propagating along the interface of nugget zone. The study demonstrates that resistance spot welding is an effective and practical welding process for Fe-based metallic glass.
Stochastic heterogeneous microstructures are widely applied in structural and functional materials,playing a crucial role in determining their performance.X-ray tomography and focused ion beam serial sectioning are fr...
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Stochastic heterogeneous microstructures are widely applied in structural and functional materials,playing a crucial role in determining their performance.X-ray tomography and focused ion beam serial sectioning are frequently used methods to reconstruct three-dimensional(3D)microstructures,yet are demanding techniques and are ***,a highthroughput multi-stage 3D reconstruction method via distance correlation functions is developed using a single representatively large-sized 2D micrograph for stochastic microstructures,and verified by X-ray micro-tomography datasets of isotropic and anisotropic solid oxide fuel cell *** method provides an economic,easy-to-use and high-throughput approach for reconstructing stochastic heterogeneous microstructures for energy conversion and storage devices,and can readily be extended to other materials.
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