Constructing heterojunctions between two semiconductors with matched band structure is an effective strategy to acquire high‐efficiency photocatalysts. The S‐scheme heterojunction system has shown great potential in...
详细信息
Constructing heterojunctions between two semiconductors with matched band structure is an effective strategy to acquire high‐efficiency photocatalysts. The S‐scheme heterojunction system has shown great potential in facilitating separation and transfer of photogenerated carriers, as well as acquiring strong photoredox ability. Herein, a 0D/2D S‐Scheme heterojunction material involving CeO 2 quantum dots and polymeric carbon nitride (CeO 2 /PCN) is designed and constructed by in situ wet chemistry with subsequent heat treatment. This S‐scheme heterojunction material shows high‐efficiency photocatalytic sterilization rate (88.1 %) towards Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) under visible‐light irradiation ( λ ≥420 nm), which is 2.7 and 8.2 times that of pure CeO 2 (32.2 %) and PCN (10.7 %), respectively. Strong evidence of S‐scheme charge transfer path is verified by theoretical calculations, in situ irradiated X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and electron paramagnetic resonance.
The majority of the thermal energy released in an automotive internal combustion cycle is exhausted as waste heat through the tail pipe. This paper describes an automobile exhaust thermoelectric generator (AETEG), des...
The majority of the thermal energy released in an automotive internal combustion cycle is exhausted as waste heat through the tail pipe. This paper describes an automobile exhaust thermoelectric generator (AETEG), designed to recycle automobile waste heat. A model of the output characteristics of each thermoelectric device was established by testing their open circuit voltage and internal resistance, and combining the output characteristics. To better describe the relationship, the physical model was transformed into a topological model. The connection matrix was used to describe the relationship between any two thermoelectric devices in the topological structure. Different topological structures produced different power outputs; their output power was maximised by using an iterative algorithm to optimize the series-parallel electrical topology structure. The experimental results have shown that the output power of the optimal topology structure increases by 18.18% and 29.35% versus that of a pure in-series or parallel topology, respectively, and by 10.08% versus a manually defined structure (based on user experience). The thermoelectric conversion device increased energy efficiency by 40% when compared with a traditional car.
Spark plasma sintering (SPS) and Self-propagating High-temperature synthesis/ quick pressing (SHS/QP) methods were used to fabricate nanotubes reinforced alumina. The difference in microstructure was discussed. In the...
Spark plasma sintering (SPS) and Self-propagating High-temperature synthesis/ quick pressing (SHS/QP) methods were used to fabricate nanotubes reinforced alumina. The difference in microstructure was discussed. In the SHS/QP process, the maximum densification temperature is 1660°C and the heating rate is about 1600°C /min. The whole densification process in SHS/QP is very short, which is much beneficial to protect the nanotubes and restrain the growing of grains. The fracture toughness of the sample prepared by SHS/QP is up to 4.9MPam½ for 1mass% CNTs/Al2O3 composites, which shows excellent toughening effects of nanotubes.
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) based on SnO 2 electron transport layers have attracted extensive research due to their compelling photovoltaic performance. Herein, we presented an in situ passivation of SnO 2 with low-...
详细信息
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) based on SnO 2 electron transport layers have attracted extensive research due to their compelling photovoltaic performance. Herein, we presented an in situ passivation of SnO 2 with low-cost hydroxyacid potassium synergist during deposition to optimize the interface carrier extraction and transport for high power conversion efficiency (PCE) and stabilities of PSCs. The orbital overlap of the carboxyl oxygen with the Sn atom alongwith the homogenous nano-particle deposition effectively suppresses the interfacial defects and releases the internal residual strains in the perovskite. Accordingly, a PCE of 24.91 % with a fill factor (FF) up to 0.852 is obtained for in situ passivated devices, which is one of the highest values for SnO 2 -based PSCs. Moreover, the unencapsulated device maintained 80 % of its initial PCE at 80 °C over 600 h, 100 % PCE at ambient conditions for 1300 h, and 98 % after one week maximum power point tracking (MPPT) under continuous AM1.5G illumination.
Molecular chirality is introduced at liquid–solid interfaces. A ring‐like aggregation of amyloid Aβ(1–40) on N ‐isobutyryl‐ L ‐cysteine ( L ‐NIBC)‐modified gold substrate occurs at low Aβ(1–40) concentratio...
详细信息
Molecular chirality is introduced at liquid–solid interfaces. A ring‐like aggregation of amyloid Aβ(1–40) on N ‐isobutyryl‐ L ‐cysteine ( L ‐NIBC)‐modified gold substrate occurs at low Aβ(1–40) concentration, while D ‐NIBC modification only results in rod‐like aggregation. Utilizing atomic force microscope controlled tip‐enhanced Raman scattering, we directly observe the secondary structure information for Aβ(1–40) assembly in situ at the nanoscale. D ‐ or L ‐NIBC on the surface can guide parallel or nonparallel alignment of β‐hairpins through a two‐step process based on electrostatic‐interaction‐enhanced adsorption and subsequent stereoselective recognition. Possible electrostatic interaction sites (R5 and K16) and a chiral recognition site (H14) of Aβ(1–40) are proposed, which may provide insight into the understanding of this effect.
Theoretical calculations unveil that the formation of Os-OsSe 2 heterostructures with neutralized work function (WF) perfectly balances the electronic state between strong (Os) and weak (OsSe 2 ) adsorbents and bidire...
详细信息
Theoretical calculations unveil that the formation of Os-OsSe 2 heterostructures with neutralized work function (WF) perfectly balances the electronic state between strong (Os) and weak (OsSe 2 ) adsorbents and bidirectionally optimizes the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity of Os sites, significantly reducing thermodynamic energy barrier and accelerating kinetics process. Then, heterostructural Os-OsSe 2 is constructed for the first time by a molten salt method and confirmed by in-depth structural characterization. Impressively, due to highly active sites endowed by the charge balance effect, Os-OsSe 2 exhibits ultra-low overpotentials for HER in both acidic (26 mV @ 10 mA cm −2 ) and alkaline (23 mV @ 10 mA cm −2 ) media, surpassing commercial Pt catalysts. Moreover, the solar-to-hydrogen device assembled with Os-OsSe 2 further highlights its potential application prospects. Profoundly, this special heterostructure provides a new model for rational selection of heterocomponents.
A solvothermal method to prepare PtNi alloys that have differing morphologies is described. By adjusting the feed ratio of Pt and Ni precursors in this process, PtNi alloys with different compositions (Pt : Ni atomic ...
详细信息
A solvothermal method to prepare PtNi alloys that have differing morphologies is described. By adjusting the feed ratio of Pt and Ni precursors in this process, PtNi alloys with different compositions (Pt : Ni atomic ratio from 1 : 3 to 3 : 1) and morphologies (evolution from nanobranches to nanoparticles) are generated. The prepared Pt Ni alloy, which has a composite morphology comprised of nanobranches and nanoparticles, exhibits superior activity and durability towards the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in seawater compared to those of commercial Pt/C catalyst and other PtNi alloys that have different compositions and morphologies. The excellent seawater HER performance of Pt Ni is ascribed to its nanobranch/nanoparticle morphology that optimally facilitates electron accumulation on Pt, which enhances resistance to chloride corrosion in seawater.
暂无评论