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Strengthening and toughening mechanisms of martensite-bainite microstructure in 2 GPa ultra-high strength steel during hot stamping

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Science China Technological Sciences 2025年第5期68卷 19-33页

作者： Yanli SONG Ye LI Jue LU Lin HUA Yanfeng GU Yikuan YANG Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Automotive Components Wuhan University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of Technology

In response to the growing demand for energy efficiency, safety, and lightweight designs in new energy vehicles, this study addresses the challenge of balancing strength and toughness in ultra-high strength steel(UHSS) components produced by hot stamping. An innovative hot stamping process based on a martensite-bainite(M-B) complex-phase microstructure was proposed to enhance the strength and toughness of UHSS. The microstructural evolution of the M-B complexphase during the hot stamping process was investigated using commercial B1800HS steel. With a microstructure consisting of 87.4.% martensite, 8.7% lower bainite, and 3.9% film-like retained austenite by volume fraction, the steel achieved a tensile strength of 1944 MPa, total elongation of 9.66%, and impact energy of 25.8 J. Compared with conventional hot stamping, the strength of the material showed only a slight improvement, whereas elongation and impact energy were enhanced by approximately 53% and 32%, respectively. A quantitative relationship among process parameters, resulting microstructure, and mechanical properties was established. Optimization between strength and toughness was observed when the low bainite volume fraction ranged from 5.06% to 8.73%. The toughening mechanisms are attributed to the refinement of martensite lath bundles(width of 202 nm) facilitated by bainite formation, the increase in high-angle grain boundaries, and the presence of nanoscale retained austenite(width of 80 nm) between the laths. Additionally, the refinement of grains and the formation of nanoscale(Nb, Ti)C precipitates(diameter of 17 nm) further contributed to the overall strength. The developed M-B complexphase process, which involves medium-temperature slow cooling followed by rapid low-temperature quenching, provides an optimal combination of strength and toughness for a wide range of applications.

关键词： ultra-high strength steel hot stamping strengthening and toughening mechanisms martensite-bainite complex-phase microstructure

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Degradation mechanism,direct regeneration and upcycling of ternary cathode material for retired lithium-ion power batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第3期102卷 534-554页

作者： Juan Wang Dongqi Li Weihao Zeng Xingye Chen Yixin Zhang Shaojie Zhang Zhongpeng Li Changhao Li Shichun Mu State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070HubeiChina

With the approaching of large-scale retirement of power lithium-ion batteries(LIBs),their urgent handling is required for environmental protection and resource ***,at present,substantial spent power batteries,especially for those high recovery value cathode materials,have not been greenly,sustainably,and efficiently *** to the traditional recovery method for cathode materials with high energy consumption and severe secondary pollution,the direct repair regeneration,as a new type of short-process and efficient treatment methods,has attracted widespread ***,it still faces challenges in homogenization repair,electrochemical performance decline,and scaling-up *** promote the direct regeneration technology development of failed NCM materials,herein we deeply discuss the failure mechanism of nickel-cobalt-manganese(NCM)ternary cathode materials,including element loss,Li/Ni mixing,phase transformation,structural defects,oxygen release,and surface degradation and *** on this,the detailed analysis and summary of the direct regeneration method embracing solid-phase sintering,eutectic salt assistance,solvothermal synthesis,sol-gel process,spray drying,and redox mediation are ***,the upcycling strategy for regeneration materials,such as single-crystallization and high-nickelization,structural regulation,ion doping,and surface engineering,are discussed in ***,the challenges faced by the direct regeneration and corresponding countermeasures are pointed ***,this review provides valuable guidance for the efficient and high-value recovery of failed cathode materials.

关键词： Spent NCM materials Retired lithium-ion power battery Degradation mechanism Direct regeneration Upcycling strategy

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Multifunctional Nacre‑Like Nanocomposite Papers for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding via Heterocyclic Aramid/MXene Template‑Assisted In‑Situ Polypyrrole Assembly

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第3期17卷 37-54页

作者： Jinhua Xiong Xu Zhao Zonglin Liu He Chen Qian Yan Huanxin Lian Yunxiang Chen Qingyu Peng Xiaodong He National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology On Advanced Composites in Special Environments Center for Composite Materials and StructuresHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150080People’s Republic of China

Robust, ultra-flexible, and multifunctional MXene-basedelectromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding nanocomposite filmsexhibit enormous potential for applications in artificial intelligence,wireless telecommunication, and portable/wearable electronic *** this work, a nacre-inspired multifunctional heterocyclic aramid(HA)/MXene@polypyrrole (PPy) (HMP) nanocomposite paper withlarge-scale, high strength, super toughness, and excellent tolerance tocomplex conditions is fabricated through the strategy of HA/MXenehydrogel template-assisted in-situ assembly of PPy. Benefiting from the"brick-and-mortar" layered structure and the strong hydrogen-bondinginteractions among MXene, HA, and PPy, the paper exhibits remarkable mechanical performances, including high tensile strength (309.7 MPa),outstanding toughness (57.6 MJ m−3), exceptional foldability, and structural stability against ultrasonication. By using the template effect ofHA/MXene to guide the assembly of conductive polymers, the synthesized paper obtains excellent electronic conductivity. More importantly,the highly continuous conductive path enables the nanocomposite paper to achieve a splendid EMI shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) of 54.1 dBat an ultra-thin thickness (25.4 μm) and a high specific EMI SE of 17,204.7 dB cm2g−1. In addition, the papers also have excellent applicationsin electromagnetic protection, electro-/photothermal de-icing, thermal therapy, and fire safety. These findings broaden the ideas for developinghigh-performance and multifunctional MXene-based films with enormous application potential in EMI shielding and thermal management.

关键词： MXene Remarkable mechanical properties Heterocyclic aramid Electromagnetic interference shielding Polypyrrole Multifunctionality

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A facile data-driven battery capacity estimation framework for on-road plug-in hybrid electric vehicle

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Progress in Natural Science:materials International 2025年第1期35卷 166-176页

作者： Jianlu Li Yanming Chen Tongxing Lei Jianguo Liu Guizheng Liu Zhaoyang Deng Xuebiao Wu Zhiyu Ding Yinghe Zhang Junwei Wu Yanan Chen Guangzhou Automobile Group Co. Ltd. School of Materials Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology School of Materials and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen Polytechnic University School of Science Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Carbon Materials Research and Comprehensive Application Harbin Institute of Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of Education Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials Tianjin University

A data-driven framework with strong generalization capabilities is proposed to effectively extract features and easily access battery capacity. This framework can make highly accurate predictions for the battery capacities of plug-in electric vehicles. The feature extraction process is entirely based on statistics, which are always available and can be generalized to various types of battery data. An improved ampere-hour integral method can easily access battery capacity with just short-charging segments lasting 500 s. Several machine-learning models are trained to verify the framework's effectiveness, with the best model achieving a test error of 0.84 % based on leave-one-out validation. SHAP values are used to provide a reasonable interpretation of the relationships between the constructed features and model outputs. The proposed framework offers advantages such as reduced computational resources, wide generalization, and high prediction accuracy, showing great potential for battery management.

关键词： Battery capacity estimation Data-driven framework Lithium-ion battery Machine learning Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle

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Pronounced impact of size and shape effects on creep rupture life of a K439B superalloy combustion chamber casting simulator

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China Foundry 2025年第2期22卷 215-221页

作者： Wen-tong Liu Yi-dong Wu Lei Gao Jing-yang Chen Cheng-bo Xiao Xi-dong Hui State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Science and Technology on Advanced High Temperature Structural Materials Laboratory Beijing Institute of Aeronautical MaterialsBeijing 100095China

The size and shape effect(SSE)of components has become a critical issue for mechanical properties,application reliability,and *** this study,the creep rupture life(CRL)of components with different wall thicknesses and positions in a combustion chamber casing simulator made of K439B superalloy was *** intrinsic mechanisms of the SSE were explored from the dendrite structure,volume fraction and size of theγ'phase,and element segregation,*** is shown that this casting exhibits a strong SSE of creep rupture life,characterized by a significant difference in the CRL values up to 60%with the variation of wall thickness and position in the *** terms of casting technology,the influence of SSE on CRL is actually determined by the cooling *** SSE on the creep rupture life originates from the dendrite structure(such as the secondary dendrite arm spacing),volume fraction size of theγ'phase in the dendrite trunk,and elements segregation *** work may have implications for the design and application of engineering components with large sizes and complex structures.

关键词： K439B superalloy size and shape effects creep rupture life cooling rate γ'phase combustion chamber casing simulator

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Ultrafast Laser Irradiation Induced Oxidation of Dopant-Free Spiro-OMeTAD for Improving the Perovskite Solar Cells Performance

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Energy & Environmental materials 2025年第2期8卷 288-294页

作者： Jiaqi Meng Xiangyu Chen Weihan Li Nianyao Chai Zhongle Zeng Yunfan Yue Fengyi Zhao Xuewen Wang Center of Femtosecond Laser Manufacturing for Advanced Materials and Devices State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Wuhan University of Technology International School of Materials Science and Engineering Wuhan University of Technology National Energy Key Laboratory for New Hydrogen-Ammonia Energy Technologies Foshan Xianhu Laboratory

The exceptional photoelectric performance and high compatibility of perovskite materials render perovskite solar cells highly promising for extensive development,thus garnering significant *** perovskite solar cells,the hole transport layer plays a crucial *** the commonly employed organic small molecule hole transport material Spiro-OMeTAD,a certain period of oxidation treatment is required to achieve complete transport ***,this posttreatment oxidation processes typically rely on ambient oxidation,which poses challenges in terms of precise control and leads to degradation of the perovskite light absorption *** approach fails to meet the demands for high efficiency and stability in practical ***,the mechanism of ultrafast laser on Spiro-OMeTAD and the reaction process for laser-induced oxidation of it are ***2at Perovskite/Spiro-OMeTAD interface breaks down to produce I2upon ultrafast laser irradiation and I2promote the oxidation *** the laser irradiation oxidation processing,a higher stability of perovskite solar cells is *** work establishes a new approach toward oxidation treatment of Spiro-OMeTAD.

关键词： hole transport layer perovskite solar cells ultrafast laser irradiation undoped Spiro-OMeTAD

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Custom-assembled phase change modular devices for personalize speciality:Carbon energy thermal management application

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Nano Research 2025年第3期18卷 22-32页

作者： Yilin Chen Huitao Yu Yiyu Feng Wei Feng School of Materials Science and Engineering and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China Institute of Advanced Technology and Equipment Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China

In the context of 5G,the high-frequency cyclicity and inhomogeneity of heat flow put forward higher requirements for the thermal control system of electronic devices,and there is a great need for thermal management modules with fixed point and high efficiency to ensure the long-term development of electronic ***,we selected four phase change molecules with significant differences in phase change temperatures to be composited with graphene aerogel(GA)to obtain Ei@GA,Tetra@GA,Octa@GA,and 1,10-Deca@*** with pure phase change molecules,the thermal conductivity has been increased by more than 20%,and the relative enthalpic efficiency is as high as 98.7%or ***,we assembled the four phase change composites by“reduction welding”to obtain the integrated,modular thermal management device M1-PCMs@*** of inhomogeneous heat generation in electronics by building an inhomogeneous heat generation *** with the homogeneous modules M2-Ei@GA and M3-1,10-Deca@GA,the effective temperature control time of the customized module M1-PCMs@GA is extended by 100.0 and 394.3 s,***,custom-assembled modular thermal management devices have important application prospects in the field of intelligent temperature control of electronic devices,and the idea of cascade assembly enriches the application functions and development direction of intelligent thermal managers.

关键词： graphene aerogel phase change materials assembly customization modular thermal management devices

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Preparation of silver nanoparticles through the reduction of straw-extracted lignin and its antibacterial hydrogel

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and materials 2025年第2期32卷 504-514页

作者： Lou Zhang Shuo Li Fu Tang Jingkai Zhang Yuetong Kang Hean Zhang Lidong Li State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

Silver nanoparticles(Ag NPs)have attracted attention in the field of biomaterials due to their excellent antibacterial ***,the reducing and stabilizing agents used for the chemical reduction of Ag NPs are usually toxic and may cause water *** this work,Ag NPs(31.2 nm in diameter)were prepared using the extract of straw,an agricultural waste,as the reducing and stabilizing *** analysis revealed that the straw extract contained lignin,the structure of which possesses phenolic hydroxyl and methoxy groups that facilitate the reduction of silver salts into Ag *** surfaces of Ag NPs were negatively charged due to the encapsulation of a thin layer of lignin molecules that prevented their *** the prepared Ag NPs were added to the precursor solution of acrylamide,free radical polymerization was triggered without the need for extra heating or light irradiation,resulting in the rapid formation of an Ag NP-polyacrylamide composite *** inhibition zone test proved that the composite hydrogel possessed excellent antibacterial ability due to the presence of Ag *** prepared hydrogel may have potential applications in the fabrication of biomedical materials,such as antibacterial dressings.

关键词： silver nanoparticles hydrogel straw extraction antibacterial

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Ionic liquids-assisted in-situ targeted defect-healing strategy for high-performance sprayed perovskite modules

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第5期104卷 756-764页

作者： Jize Wang Xinxin Yu Cong Geng Wangnan Li Ying Liang Bin Li Yong Peng Yi-Bing Cheng State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of Technology Hubei Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Hubei University of Arts and Science Hubei Longzhong Laboratory Wuhan University of Technology (Xiangyang Demonstration Zone)

In the process of spraying coating perovskite films,the "coffee ring" effect （CRE） leads to the problem of excessive organic ammonium salt accumulation in local areas that cannot be completely *** introduce an in-situ targeted defect-healing strategy by incorporating butylamine formate （BAFa） ionic liquid into the spray *** liquids,due to their long carbon chain structure,tend to target flow towards the CRE region during the droplet evaporation *** coordination between the lone pair electrons in the C=O group of BAFa and Pb2+effectively reduces defects in perovskite and suppresses non-radiative recombination ***,amine ligands,which are repelled to the film surface and grain boundaries,form a thin insulating monolayer in the CRE areas,forcing charge carriers to transport through areas of the perovskite with fewer *** approach enables the crystallization control and defect-heal over the Cs0.19FA0.81PbI3-x-yBrxClyperovskite ***,the champion perovskite solar cell achieved a power conversion efficiency of 22.04%,while mini-modules with an effective area of 64.8 cm2reached a peak power conversion efficiency of 18.35%,demonstrating the significant potential for commercializing large-area perovskite solar cells.

关键词： Ion liquid Perovskite solar cell Spray-coating Targeted defect-healing “Coffee-ring” effect

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Optimizing the overall performance of Cu–Ni–Si alloy via controllingnanometer-lamellar discontinuous precipitation structure

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and materials 2025年第4期32卷 915-924页

作者： Jinyu Liang Guoliang Xie Feixiang Liu Wenli Xue Rui Wang Xinhua Liu Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing(MOE) Institute for Advanced Materials and TechnologyUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Beijing Laboratory of Metallic Materials and Processing for Modern Transportation Institute for Advanced Materials and TechnologyUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Institute of Materials Genome Engineering Henan Academy of SciencesZhengzhou 450046China

Simultaneously achieving high strength and high electrical conductivity in Cu–Ni–Si alloys pose a significant challenge, which greatly constrains its applications in the electronics industry. This paper offers a new pathway to improve properties, by preparation of nanometer lamellar discontinuous precipitates(DPs) arranged with the approximate same direction through a combination of deformationaging and cold rolling process. The strengthening effect is primarily attributed to nanometer-lamellar DPs strengthening and dislocation strengthening mechanism. The accumulation of dislocations at the interface between nanometer lamellar DPs and matrix during cold deformation process can results in the decrease of dislocation density inside the matrix grains, leading to the acceptably slight reduction of electrical conductivity during cold rolling. The alloy exhibits an electrical conductivity of 45.32%IACS(international annealed copper standard, IACS), a tensile strength of 882.67 MPa, and a yield strength of 811.33 MPa by this method. This study can provide a guidance for the composition and microstructure design of a Cu–Ni–Si alloy in the future, by controlling the morphology and distribution of DPs.

关键词： Cu–Ni–Si alloys discontinuous precipitates nanometer-lamellar strengthening dislocation strengthening

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